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PURNNACHANDRA
ORDIA BHASHAKOSHA.
{A lexicon of the Oriya langufljje)
Volume — I (The vowels)
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k Compiler— &* G Praharaj
Aduccaii, Pat no High Court, Cuttack, B, N, R> Orlssa, (India),
Willi the help of m body of colleague*.
Printed and Fafefesfced fcy V Kar
THE UTKAL S AH1TY A PRESS,
CUTTACK.
1931.
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Governor of Bihar & Orfasn..
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The first volume of tbe
PURNNACHANDRA
ORDIA BHASHAKOSHA
( Oriya Lexicon )
is dedicated to
J. A- HtffcbACk, Esq. M, A. (Cantab). I. c.s.
sometime Commissioner of the Orissa Division
in grateful rceognifjoo of B% sioeere solieiCudc for ffic pa61ieaCion
of (fie uxsrfi arrcf tfie oaluafile eneouragerncof afforded 6y fiim
to (fie cause of Oriya literature arxf fiis genuine sympatfiy
for (fie Oriya* rufiiefi fie^evineecf as Gfiairroar) of (fie
^rouineial ©anftng 'Enquiry Gomroitfee,
&ifiar & Orissa,
CUTTACK,
September, 1931.
By his admirer
The Compiler
0, C. PRAHARAJ
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INTRODUCTION,
Sir George Greierson in his Linguistic Survey
of India has grouped the Indian languages into
7 groups.
Group L Austric Jamil j (having 7 languages
and 14 dialects) spoken by about 4£ millions of
people in the Malaya Peninsula, Nicobar islands,
by the Mundas, the Juangs and Kols of Orissa and
the Ohotanagpur highlands.
Group II. Karen family (having 1 language
and 14 dialects) spoken by about one million of people
on the borders of Burma.
Gboup HI. Man family (with 2 languages)
spoken by about a thousand persons.
Gbouf IV. Tibeto-Chinese family (with 116
languages and 86 dialects) spoken by about 13
millions of people in the North * Eastern frontier
tracts of India.
Group V. Dravidian family (with 16 languages
and 23 dialects) spoken by about 65 millions of people
in Southern India, including Telugu, Tamil,
Malayalam, Canarese, Oraon, Kui, Kandhi and
Gondi languages.
Gkoup VI. Indo-European family (with 38
languages and 402 dialects) spoken by about 230
millions of people in Western, Northern and Central
India.
Group VII. Unclassed languages ( with 2
languages and 19 dialects ) spoken by about one
hundred thousands of people, including the Anda-
manese and the Gipsy languages.
According to the Census of 1921 the above
7 groups of languages are spoken by 315 millions
of people inhabiting India. These groups consist
of 179 languages and 544 dialects.
Of these groups the Dravidian has no extra-
Indian origin and was the language of the pre-
historic immigrants who had driven out the
aborigines and who in their turn were driven out
towards the south by the Aryans who came to
India through the North-Western frontier. Of the
languages used by the aboriginals we have no
certain data.
Western linguists have been busy in investigat-
ing into the Indo-European family of languages-
(Group VI) of which the Aryan sub-family branches*
off into Eranian branch (with 8 languages and 35
dialects), '
Dardic or Paisachika branch (with 13 languages-
and 22 dialects) and ' -
Indo-Aryan branch (with 17 languages and 345-
dialects) .
The last branch is derived from the dead langu-
age Sanskrit (literally, refined language) through the
Prakrit (literally, natural language) and consists of
the modern vernaculars of Northern, Western and
Central India, viz: — -Sindhi, Marhatti, Sinhalese, Bi-
hari, Gujrati, Panjabi, Hindi, Bengali, Assamese, and
Oriya.
We have now to do with the Oriya (pronounced
Ordia) language. Competent linguists are of opini-
on that the Oriya language is one of the oldest Indo-
Aryan vernaculars though in modern times it has
not made rapid progress like the sister vernaculars
(e.g. Hindi, Bengali, Bihari, Marhatti).
Sanskrit ceased to be a spoken language by 60fr
B. C. but continued to be the language of literature..
From that time the Aryans of different parts of
India spoke Prakrit, and the present vernaculars of
the Indo-Aryan group sprang from the Prakrit.
The original language of the Indo-Aryans
branched off into (I) Sanskrit (with its 2 forms, Vedic
Sanskrit and popular or reformed Sanskrit) and
(II) Prakrit, the old vernaculars of India. Prakrit
branched off into (a) Magadhi (the popular verna-
cular of South Bihar) and (b) Ardha Magadhi (mixed
Magadhi). Magadhi later on branched off into (i)
Pali (the language of Buddhist Scriptures and Edicts) r
(ii) Sinhalese (the vernacular of Ceylon) and (iii>
Magadhi vernaculars, viz: — Bihari, Bengali ^Assamese
and Oriya.
Ardha Magadhi branched off into Hindi, Giijrati r
Marhatti, Sindhi, Nepali, Kashmiri and Panjabi
vernaculars. & .
A
[
11
]
So we see that the Oriya like the sister langua-
ges Bengali and Bihar i has sprung u|?f^ojjM; l|agiJH:
<lhi Prakrit which assumed the form of Pali.
v ■?
The original stock of the Oriya words has from
time to time been enriched by hundreds of words
from other languages. Orissa came under the sway
of the Granga dynasty of kings from the south in
the 11th century A; D t) and during the rule of
the Ganga kings (11th to 13th century A. D )
hundreds of Telugu and Tamil words crept into
•Oriya. Orissa came und3r Mahomedan and Moghal
rules which brought in their wake thousands
of Arabic, Persian and Urdu words. Then came
the Marhattas who also added to the vocabulary;
and since the beginning of the 19th century Orissa
has been oocupied by the English, and so thousands
of English and foreign words have been incorporated
in the Oriya language. Moreover, the ancient land
of Utkal Ae the Oriya-sp eaking tracts have been
parcelled out into different provinces by successive
rulers and administrators, till we find the Oriyas
scattered in four provinces, viz : — Bihar and Orissa,
Bengal, Central Provinces and Madras. By coming
in contact with the Hindi, the Bengali, the Bihari
and the Telugu languages hundreds of words
belonging to the respective modern languages have
been incorporated in the vernacular spoken by the
Oriyas of these respective outlying tracts. Prom
a national point of view the Oriya nation has
become politically weakened by lying scattered
-under four provinces, but from the language-point
of view the Oriya language has been enriched by
a multiplicity of words imported from the above
languages. For instance, ordinary objects of every,
day use have got 4 Oriya names in the four provin.
ces, and thus the Oriya language can boast of a rich
vocabulary in which respect neither Bengali nor
Hindi nor Telugu can vie with it. The richness of
the vocabulary is the index by which the vastness
of a vernacular can be gauged. The Sanskrit,
the German, the English and the Latin languages are
counted as advanced languages as one word or idea
<san be expressed in various forms through the
jntiedium of synonyms.
One peculiarity of the Oriya language has
charmed foreign philologists, The other sister-
languages have broken up into various distinct dia-
i
lects. For instance, Bengali spoken by 50 millions of
i^ppl^iai Mnlects, the Assamese spoken by 170
thousands of people has 2 dialects, the Bihari spoken
by 35 millions has 3 dialects , the Hindi or Hindu-
stani has got at least a dozen dialects. But Oriya,
properly speaking, has got no dialect. The gram-
matical frame-work or trunk of the Oriya language
remains constant, though thousands of Bengali,
Hindustani, Telugu and Marhatti words have been
incorporated into it in the outlying Oriya-speaking
tracts by the influence of these neighbouring
languages.
Despite the fact that the Bengali literature has
made rapid strides In modern times, even Bengali
scholars are constrained t& admit that Mahomedan
(or properly speaking , Mogl/al) , India in the 1 4th
century A. D. first saw the dawn of Bengali litera-
ture. The history of Bengali literature begins with
the poets Chandidas and Bidyapati who preceded
Chaitanya. After Chaitanya and his Baishnaba
followers came Bamprasad, the bard of the Divine
Energy (Sakti). Then came Krittibas and Kasiram
Das the metrical translators of the Ramayana and
the Mahabharata respectively. Then came the Pan-
chalis of Dasu Roy and the Tappas of Gopal Oriya,
and in the 18th century poet Bharatchandra, the
author of the romantic lyric Bidyasunder, was
the last of the old school of Bengali poets. The
19th century saw the phenomenal rise of Bengali
literature (both poetry and prose), and we have
Rammohan, Iswar Gupta, Ramnidhi Gupta, Bankim,
Michael Madhusudan, Nabin, Saratchandra and
Rabindranath, the modern cosmopolitan poet, phi-
losopher and prophet. (Mahamohopadhyaya Hara-
prasad Sastri "has unearthed a valuable manuscript
from Nepal which he has published as "Bouddha Gana
O Doha" and which he claims to be the Bengali
language of the 10th century A. D. But from a
critical examination of the script and language and
from internal and external evidence it can safely be
said that the language is more akin to the present-
day Oriya than to the present-day Bengali, and it can
be claimed to be an ancient Oriya book.) This is the
history of the rise and. growth of Bengali literature
in a nutshell, whereas the history of Oriya literature
extends over a period of 17 centuries beginning from
the second and third century A. D.
t iii ]
In the Codes of Manu. (3rd century B. C.) we
find mention of the Udras as fallen Kshatriyas. We
find that colonies of civilised and civilising Aryans
continued to settle here from the time of King
Kharavela (100 B. C) to that of King Jajatikeshary
( 500 A. D.). Though* the language of the
aboriginal inhabitants of Utkal was Dravidian it
was gradually influenced by and replenished with the
Pali language introduced by Kharavela ( 100 B. C )
and Asoka (300 B. C). In Sanskrit dramatic works
of 200 to 300 A. B. we find mention of Odra as a
bibhasha (dialect); .and this bibhasha modified and
influenced by the Pali ( Magadhi ) became the fore-
runner of the present-day Oriya, and was established
. as a distinct vernacular by the 7th century A. D.
The Chinese traveller Huentsang (700 A.D.)
describes the original inhabitants of Orissa as dark
coloured and uncivilised.
From the stone inscriptions and copper plates
unearthed in Patia and Bhubaneswar research scho-
lars have gathered that by 1000 A.D; Oriya had
begun to assume the form of a special Prakrit and
that by the 12th century A. D. the Oriya language
had developed into what it virtually now is.
The Madalapanji — the annals of the great
temple at Puri — was begun to be preserved in the
.temple since- the 11th century A. D. by King Chola-
ganga Dev. Though there are reasons to think that
there have been interpolations, additions and altera-
tions to the original entries, still the language used
.in them and preserved upto date really shows it to be
.the bygone fo»m of the present-day Oriya,
The stone inscriptions of Bhubaneswar of the
13th century A. D. are in prose.
Markanda Das, the author of the "Keshaba
Koili," which exhibits a finished cut of pure Oriya
^style and high order of romantic poetry, flourished
in thel2th or 13th century A.D. . This piece is a
*' Chautisa " i.e. it consists of 34 stanzas, each
successive stanza beginning with each successive
consonant. This Chautisa form of composition has
continued up to the present time. These Chautisas
paint domestic love, either filial or . conjugal, and
many of them consist of prayers to different Deities.
!From the finished style of Markanda Das one can
; safely infer that there must have flourished much
earlier poets who culminated in Markanda Das. Then
; came the Oriya Pur anas. Sarala Das .of the 15th
j century A.D. was the pioneer in Purana writing
and wrote out the Mahabharata from memory.
After him many writers e. g. Pitambardas have
composed Pur anas either by faithfully* translating
the Sanskrit originals or in their own way by
adhering to the main episodes only.
The Jagannath temple at Puri was completed
. by tha 12th century A.D. and was the centre of a
religious revival which amal gamated Buddhism with
i Hinduism.
Towards the end of the rule of the Ganga
dynasty of kings in the 13th century A.D. we find
the vernacular literature full of allusions to Buddhist-
ic doctrines trained into the Baisnabic trellis.
Jagannatha Das, an Oriya Brahman, popularised
Sanskrit Bhagabata by freely translating it into
popular Oriya. When Chaitanya — the great Bais-
naba reformer of Nadia, (who was an Oriya, domi-
ciled in Bengal), visited Orissa he found a popular
form of Baisnabism prevalent in Orissa, which, when
analysed, was found to}be a veiled form of Buddhism.
Though Oriyas did not faithfully follow the faith of
the Bhagabata, still Chaitanya extended them his
embracing arms. T hen the Baisnaba literature of
Orissa was influenced by Chaitanya and gradually
Tantric worship and rituals crept into Orissa. Then
came the Mahomedan invasion in the beginning of
the 16th century after which Oriya writers composed
metrical translations of the - Ramayana, the Maha-
bharata and other Sanskrit devotional works. Then
came a school of poets headed by Biswanath Khuntia
who may be said to have laid the foundation for the
latter-day literature. These poets grafted Sanskrit
words, compositions and rhetoric into the Oriya languw
age and introduced various metres (or Chhandas)
which are peculiar to Oriya literature. During the
16th and 17th centuries A.D. poets headed by Dina-
krushna composed popular poems on religious
themes.
Then came Upendra Bhanja in the 18th
century whose command over Sanskrit rhetoric
and vocabulary enabled him to compose lyrics and
ballads which . are full of literary features of &.
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I iV ]
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very high < order,, These poets again drew the
Oriya language towards Sanskrit rhetoric and
vocabulary though composing peoms in different
Oriya metres. In the 18th and 19th centuries
we find many popular writers e.g. Bhakta
Charjan, Bhupati, Bhima who composed very
easy Oriya Ml of esoteric teachings, Tantric rites
and formulae which none but the initiated could
follow and grasp. Though Orissa lost its in-
dependence from the 16th century A. D. and was
the field of plundering operations of the Marhatta
and Mahomedan freebooters, the Feudatory Chiefs
thrived in their strongholds and patronised litera-
ture and learning. Every Raja had his court-poet
and bard, and many Rajas were distinguished
scholars and Oriya poets. Upendra Bhanja was
the son of a Raja, Krushna Singh, the metrical
translator of the Mahabharata, was himself a Raja,
The successive Rajas of Chikiti and Sonepur have
been Oriya poets and dramatists. Even some
Ranees and females have been poets.
Then composition of metres or Chhandas is a
peculiarity of Oriya. These metres are sung to
tune by experts, and one verse can be sung in
more than one metre. The Oriya poets of the
class of Upendra Bhanja have filled the Oriya
language with linguistic, metrical and rhetori-
cal peculiarities of composition, alliteration and
literary ornaments, which very few modern verna-
culars of India can boast of. These songs
were sung by the masses till 50 years ago, when
it was common to find .Ordinary village people,
even women, reciting pages and pages of Bhatrja's
poems and explaining them lucidly. This shows
that the standard of popular language was then
higher ■ than now. After Bhanja came Abhimanyu
•who, while adhering to the ornamental composition
of Bhanja, made the language very easy. Then
came the poets who composed Alekha and Nirakara
hymns which were revivals of the Tantric and
Baisnabic garb of Buddhism of the old days.
Then we come to the age of songs. Bhanja had
: composed some short love-songs, called Sangita and
Chaupadi, but it was reserved for poets headed by
Kabisurya Baladeva Ratha to develop the song and
music literature of Orissa. The songsters flourished
till' the classical Oriya composition - degenerated on
the one" hind to masquerades and Jatras in the hands-
of illiterate poetasters, arid otx the other hand gave
place to modern prose' anil poetical compositions
influenced and moulded by English and Bengali
literature. In the beginning of the 19th century
when Orissa came under the sway of the British, the
Bengalis were dominant in administrative positions*
and there came a time when through the machina-
tions of the 'intermediary ruling race', the Bengalis} ,
it was proposed to supersede Oriya by the introduc-
tion of the Bengali language and literature in schools
and courts. . However, through the unstinted efforts
of stalwarts like Bichitrananda, Gbmrisankar,
Radhanath, Madhusudati, Sakirmohan, Fandakishore*
Sir SudBal Dev, Raja of Bamra, Visvanath and!
IJamsankar, Oriya has, since the middle of the 19th
century, been acknowledged to be a distinct language
Some educated Oriyas translated Bengali and
English books to be used as text-books in schools-
Oriya classics were utterly ignored for a time, and
we find that Bengali which was making rapid strides
under writers like Iswarchandra and Bankim was
held up as the model on which young people wanted to
build the structure of Oriya literature. Formerly, i. e,
about 40 years ago, like the poetry of the Bhanja
period, the prose style of Oriya books and newspapers
was cumbrous and Sanskritic. On the other hand
the Baptist Missionaries introduced a language
which could neither be called Oriya nor Sanskrit,
and was neither the language of the book nor of the
hut. Some of the writings of Bhanja period
having been couched in language which to the
western taste seemed indecorous, English-educated
young writers, without diving deep into the treasures
of the Oriya classics, shunned them. However, now
the laborious and Sanskritic style is being gradually
abandoned and is giving place to an easy style
which is used in everyday parlance. The tendency
of modern civilisation is making itself felt over the
Oriya literature, and pur young men have been
devoting their time and attention to the study of
ancient and classical Oriya, finding out Oriya
manuscripts and unearthing literary treasures.
Professor Artaballav Mahanti has been bringing out
a series of old Oriya books under the auspices of the
Prachi Samiti. We find that scientific, dramatic,
archaeological, linguistic, philological and historical
studies and research are attracting many of the
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younger generation. Still, one is disheartened by
the superficial and parochial nature of the products
* of 'the pens of young writers who lack the patience,
depth, and sustained energy of scholars of the sister
vernaculars. Many are exceeding the canons of
grammar and good taste, and few have been able to
grasp and utilize cosmopolitian ideas and ideals and
assimilate them into our literature.
Now we come to the Oriya script. It has been
adopted from the Magadhi script which was the
descendant of the Brahmi script through Kutila and
Devanagara scripts. The letters were rounded at the
top through the necessity of writing on parallel-grained
palm leaves with a heavy sharp pointed iron stylo. The
copper-plate and stone inscriptions found in Patia
and Bhubaneswar are ascribed to Subhakar Keshari,
a king of Orissa of the 7th century A. D. They
are in Kutila script and the language is Oriya.
From some photographed pages from the palm leaf
manuscript got from Nepal by Mahamahopadhyaya
Haraprasad Shastri we see that the letters Q, Q, qr,
*, O, 61, &l, and £1 are exactly what the Oriya letters
of today are, and some of the letters a, Q Q, and Q,
are like these found in a copper-plate-grant of Raja
Purusottama Deva of the 15th century. One can
with some degree of certainty affirm that the Oriya
script had taken a distinct form by the 14th century
A. D., and it was the forerunner of the present day
script.
The Oriya language preserves the distinct
pronunciations of the letters Q and Q, £i and Q, @
and &, @ and 0, 3 and Q, and Q and 9, though some
sister langua*ges do not observe such differentia-
tions. The pronunciations of q and & in Oriya are
different from those in Bengali. So, when we find
in any old writing a distinction clearly preserved
between the letters Q and €1, and Q and Q we
have reasons to presume the writing to be Oriya
if there be other indications (e.g. use of palm leaf, the
circular toppings of letters), internal and externa],
that the language is Oriya.
From the language of old inscriptions, copper,
plates and Madalapanji we conclude that the present-
day Oriya has stuck to the old Oriya form more
faithfully than many of the modern vernaculars.
Mr. Beams says that each of the six languages
(Bengali, Marhatti,Gujrati, Hindi, Panjabi and Sindhi)
possesses many dialects, while • the Oriya language
consists of one form only (spoken throughout an
area of 82 thousand square miles by about 12 milli-
ons of people in four Provinces) . Sir George Greier-
son also says that Oriya has got no dialect. About
20 thousand people in the north-east corner of Bastar
State in the Central Provinces speak a language*
Bhatari, which can be called a dialect? of Oriya,
The Laria, spoken by about 3300000 people in the
Ohhatisgarh and Sambalpur tracts^ has been classed
as a dialect of Hindi though it is greatly influenced
by the Oriya language.
Sir George Greierson in his picturesque style-
says, "The Oriya language spoken in the four provinc-
es covers an area of a little less than Jugoslavia and
is spoken by people numbering a little more than
the combined population of Norway and Sweden.'*
(Linguistic Survey of India Vol, I, 1, page 1466)
Another peculiar feature of the Oriya language
strikes even a person who has only a casual acquaint-
ance with it. In pronunciation it has been said
before that Oriya preserves distinctions between the
letters €1 and Q and © and Q which the Bengali and
the Hindi do not. In Bengali and Hindi we
find the last letter of a word ending with a con-
sonant joined to the sound si pronounced as Q»g.
For instance, Bengali pronounces £1| ft as 'Pan* apd
not as 'Pana' as in Sanskrit. This is also the case
with Hindustani ; £)§© is pronounced in Hindu-
stani as 'Pandit' and not 'Pandita' as in Sanskrit-
Moreover, the beginner and the foreigner are puzzled
to pronounce the consonants joined with the vowel Si
at the end of a word in Hindi and Bengali, which
are at places pronounced with the vowel and at
places withoitt it. From a phonetic point of view
this defect is very serious in the sister languages,,
but' Oriya is free from it, and has preserved in
entirety the phonetic values attached to different
letters.
It has been stated before that the Orissa of the
present map of India is not the Orissa of history^
Historical Orissa comprises the present administra-
tiye division of Orissa (consisting of the 3 coastal
districts of Puri, Cuttaek and Balasore, the upland
B
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vi ]
^^*
district of Sambalpur, the non-regxilation district of
Angul, and the Orissa Feudatory States), and the
ancient Utkal (consisting of the outlying Oriya speak-
ing tracts now lying within the borders of four dif-
ferent provinces) . The Oriya speaking tracts have
been roughly defined by Sir George Greiersom
They are bounded on the east by the Bay of Bengal.
Taking the mouth of the Haldi river near Tamluk
(ancient Tamralipta) in the Oontai subdivision of
]\{idnapur district of Bengal as the north-aaatern
point, the boundary line runs north-westwards
along the rivers v Haldi and Kaligai upto Bankura
and then turns towards the south and' runs
along the eastern boundary of the Singbhuin
district through Seraikela State up to the plateau of
Ranchi in the Ohotanagpur Division, then through
Jaspur State, Raigarh, Sarangarh and Raipur dis-
trict in the Central Provinces up to Bastar State
(in the Central Province) which may be taken as the
south-western corner of this area. Then the line
proceeds south-east along the Jaipur State and the
districts and agencies of Vizagapatam and Ganjam
in Madras Presidency, whence it takes a turn from
Paralakimidi and meets the Bay of Bengal at Barua
Bandar (Kalingapatam).
The want of a comprehensive Oriya Dictionary
has not only been seriously felt by Oriyas but has
been commented on by western scholars and philo-
logists. Rev. Dr. Sutton compiled an Oriya diction-
ary in volumes in 1841 and Rev. Mr. Miller
another in 186S. Rev. Mr Brooks compiled an
Oriya-Bnglish Dictionary in 1874. Rev. J. G. Pike
prepared an Bnglish-Oriya Dictionary under the
patronage of the Government of Bengal. Rev. Mr.
Howells very labouriously compiled an Oriya-English
Dictionary at the instance of the Baptist MissionSociety
with the collaboration of some Oriya graduates and
Pandits, but the book was not published. Babu
Jagannath Rao, Rai Bahadur Madhusudan Rao,
PanditMrutyunjaya Rath and Pandit Gopinath Nanda
have compiled Oriya dictionaries. These dictionaries
most of which are not now available in the market,
do not meet: the requirements of an ordinary reader,
not to speak of philologists, classical and re-
search scholars. . There is at present no Oriya
Dictionary where one can find out the meanings
of classical words, the vocabulary; of the mass, the
■PW
court-languager and even the language used by the
educated people at home, not to speak of dialectical
and provincial words used in the outlying Oriya- *
speaking tracts.
The late Dr. Fallon in the introduction to his
Hindustani-English Dictionary defined the scope of a
vernacular dictionary as follows : — "The wealth of
the language is the spoken language. The best
portion of the language can not be left out if the
language is to be represented in its integrity. The
agricultural class, the cowherd, the cart-man, the
blacksmith, the goldsmith, the greengrocer, the
potter,, the weaver, the carpenter, the boatman,
the fisherman and various other artisans and
castes have their peculiar words, idioms and
phrases. Similarly with the proverbs, songs and
idioms of different localities. The living dialects
are the feeders of language; and the paramount
dialect of national speech must gain in copiousness,
flexibility and expression in proportion as it is
enriched by contributions from many kindred dia-
lects and the various idioms which spring up con-
tinuously in every class and occupation. Idiom is
tne characteristic feature of a language. The
dictionary of a language should include vulgarisms
so called, — the rustic language, and should include
the vocabulary of women and of the pariah. It
should include examples from familiar colloquial-
isms which float on the lips of men and women,
but have not yet found place in any writing. * *
"The integrity of the language, the demands of the
philologist, the sociologist and the philosopher, the
perfect knowledge of and mastery over language
which would be impossible if any part of it were
kept back, the insight ■ into the minds of the people
which is obtained by this very class of words, and
above all, the absolute importance of this knowledge
to the judicial and executive officer most empha-
tically call for for the insertion of words which are
conventionally branded as abusive, indelicate, slang
or obscene. * * In the various equivalent ex.
pressions used by the illiterate classes and in the
rustic, provincial or dialectical varieties of words the
student may gr*sp at a glance the root, source and
history of T^OWis; and thus acquire a ready mastery
over th«t pap«l^ language and the motley rustic
r?*re also instructive to the philologist-
'* .'* f
1 ™ ] *
A great many Prakrit- forms are still present in the
rustic language."
Since I began my humble career as an Oriya
>riter, i. e. for the last thirty years, I have made it
.a point to use chaste, idiomatic and homely language
in preference to polished, laboured and Sanskritised
,style. Thousands of readers throughout the Oriya-
. speaking tracts have rewarded me with their appre-
ciation and approbation. My rule is, "Write as you
^peak". My writings ,. ; couched in simple and popular
language, have found favour not only with the people
hut also with the Sehool and University authorities in
Bengal, Bihar and Orissa and Madras, and have been
included in the curriculum from the Lower Primary
. classes to the highest standard, and for the Indian
'? pivil Service Departmental Oriya examination. The
late Pandit Gopinath Nanda, the latest Oriya lexico-
grapher, has done me the honour of quoting my
writings as authority under hundreds of words in
his Oriya 'Sabdatattwabodha Abhidhana'(Dictionary).
Professor B. 0. Mazumdar has -included my wviU
ing as a sample of racy and forcible Oriya style in
the third volume of his "Typical Selections from
Oriya literature" which is a text book for M. A.
students in the Calcutta University,
The idea of my undertaking the compilation of
a comprehend 6 Oriya Dictionary was first suggest-
ed to me by the late Mr. W. W. Henderson M. A.
(late Principal, Ciittack Training College) in 1913-14
I busied myself in collecting Oriya words and
idioms from Ganjam, Sambalpur, Singbhum, the
Feudatary States and from classical and modern
writings. In J917-18 the collected words were al-
phabetically arranged in notebooks and memorand-
um slips. The compilation and writing of the
present manuscripts were begun in 1919. Through
the grace of God I got a valuable colleague in my
.sister-in-law Sm. Pitambari Devi who busied her-
self for four years in collecting from original sources
,(i. e., the mouths of the people) proverbs, popular
sayings and songs, female songs, songs sung by the
oowherd, the fisherman, the cartmari, the plough-
man and folktales. Prom her collection I have
been able to add at least live thousand popular and
dialectical Oriya words to my vocabulary. In the
•course oj: time God was pleased to help me by mak-
ing some energetic and disinterested gentlemen from
Sambalpur, from tbe Feudatory States, from Ganjam,
from Vizagapatam, from Midnapur and from Sing-
bhum interested in the work of word -collection, and ,
they spared no , pains in supplying me with many
thousands of dialectical words, idioms, proverbs and
songs. -
My original plan was to supply the want of an
Oriya-to-Oriya lexicon by including Oriya words adopt-
ed from other languages, with their derivations, roots?
original ' sources from which they came and their
Oriya meanings; but gradually the sdbpe has gone on
widening by
(1) giving the English meaning of every word,
(2) giving the Bengali synonyms of the Oriya
words, whenever possible, •
to
(3) giving quotations and authority to support
the meanings of Oriya words,
(4) adding philological, mythological, historical,
geographical, biographical, astronomical, medical,
w
scientific and other notes on the line of modern ency-
clopaedias, and lately,
(5) adding Hindi synonyms to the Oriya words,
as far as possible, and,
(6) giving English transliteration under every
word.
After completing the framework 1 found to
my delight that I had unwittingly followed the line
laid down by Dr. Fallon for the compilation of a
vernacular dictionary.
Through the grace of the Almighty the draft
framework of the manuscripts was completed in
August 1927. Since then I have been busied in revis-
ing the manuscripts. I found that, if left to my
individual labour, the revision would take me a
period of another ten years. So, depending on the
Providence of God and counting on the liberality of
the patrons of Learning and Literature I engaged
some assistants to help me in the revision.
The revision consisted of ;
(1) the incorporation of many thousands of "
dialectical and provincial words used in the outlyino-
Oriya-speaking tracts in the tour provinces, kindly
&
I *ni ]
hMWMi
<p«m^
supplied to me by my personal friends, residents of
these localities, * :
" ■- ■ ' • r ■' -
(2) copying out, under respective words, thou*
sands of quotations from classical and modern writ-
ings which I had already read and underlined
during the last 15 years,
(3) supplementing, correcting and amplifying
the scientific and other notes in the light of latest
informations,
(4) ■ comparing my English renderings with
those of Rev. Mr. Ho wells in a manuscript Oriya-to.
English Dictionary of 1500 pages foolscape, which he
had prepared with the co-operation of some Oriya
graduates and Pandits in 8 years but which was not
published (Note — -This very very valuable manus-
cript has been magnanimously made over to me by
the Cuttack Baptist Mission authorities at the
instance of Rev. Mr. Guest and Rev. Mr. Benjamin
Pradhan),
(5) recasting, adding " and comparing the
Bengali synonyms after consulting several standard
Bengali Dictionaries (e.g. of Subalchandra, of
Jnanendranath, of Jogeschandra and the Prakruti-
bada) and with th^ co-operation of my friend Mr.
S. N. Roy, Advocate, Cuttack,
(6) adding Hindi synonyms after consulting
several standard Hindustani Dictionaries (e.g. of
Dr. Fallon 7 of Rev. Mr. Graven, of Ramnarayan Lai,
of the JsTagari Pracharini Sabha of Benares) and
some hundreds of standard Hindi books which I had
studied and underlined and
(7) writing out the English transliteration
under every word. At the suggestion of some emin-
ent European scholars who examined the manus-
cripts, I decided to give English transliteration
under every word, so that a npn-Oriya can find out
a word which he hears in the street or in conver-
sation, and ascertain what it means: This has been
done to make the Oriya language accessible to
foreigners and philologists* I have followed the
system of transliteration advocated , by Mr. John
Beams, Sir William Hunter, Sir George Greierson,
Rev. Mr. Wilkins, the Royal Asiatic Society and the
Bihar and Orissa Research Society.
After these operations are finished the manus-
cripts are faircopied and made ready for the press,
The manuscripts were from time to time in-
speeted and examined , by many eminent scholars, .,
Indian an& J European, both official and non-official,
amongst whom prominent mention may be made of
the Hon'ble Raja Rajendra Narayan Bhanj Deo,
0. B. Ei, Finance Member of the Executive Council,
Bihar and Orissa, Mr. J. A. Hubback M.A. (Cantab),
I.C.S., sometime Commissioner of the Orissa Division,.
Mr. G. E. Pawcus M.A., CLE., O.B.E., I.E.S., Direc-
tor of Public Instruction, Bihar and Orissa, Mr. N.F.
Peck B.A. (Cantab), LC.S , late Collector of Cuttack
and officiating Commissioner of the Orissa Division,
Rev. H. W. Pike, B.A. B.D. (London) of the
Baptist Mission Society, Rev. Mr. H. A. Popley,.
Vice President of the National Council of the Young-
men's Christian Association Calcutta, Rev. Mr. B.
W. Tucker of Calcutta, Rav. Mr. C F. Andrews,
Rev. Mr. Griiest, Mr, W. W. Henderson M.A.
(Glasgow), late Principal, Cuttack Training College,.
.Mr. F. B. Whitmore M.A. (Oxon), late Principal
Cuttack Training College, Mr. F.R. Blair M.A. (Edin)
Deputy Director of Public Instruction, Bihar and
Orissa, Acharya Kalelkar of the Gujrat Vidyapitha,
Mr. B. N. Mukharjee M.A , B.L. (Cal) M.A. Educ.
(Leeds), s6metime Inspector of Schools, Orissa
Division, and now Principal Cuttack Training
College, Mr. M. S. Das M.A. B.L., CLE., Cuttack,.
and Mr. S. L. Marwood B.A. (Oxon), I.C.S., Collec-
tor of Cuttack. Mahatma Gandhi during his visit
to Cuttack in 1927 examined the manuscripts and
made some valuable suggestions which have been
carried out during the revision. The late Pandi, ,
Gropabandhu Das was one of the ardent admirers of my
humble labours and watched my work fondly for 10-
years till he first announced in his paper in 1927 that
the draft framework was completed. Almost all the
editors, of the leading papers of the Oriya-speaking
tracts visited the manuscripts and repeatedly com-.
menclqct the work to the liberality and patronage of
the pubjic $nd "of the Government.
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riiy manuscripts, the tfovernment of Bihar and
Orissa in the Ministry of Education constituted the
Vernacular Development Committee under the-
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chairmanship o£ Sir Ali Imam to suggest means for
the development of the vernacular languages of the
province including the Oriya. This Committee in.
. vited many Oriya scholars from the province and
from Madras and Bengal to its special meeting held
in February 1927 , at which the following resolution
"was unanimously passed : —
"That a separate Oriya lexicon of the Oriya
language should be compiled, setting forth all words
in use in common parlance in all the Oriya speaking
tracts." This resolution was published with Grovern-
men't Resolution No. 4913 E. dated 21-10.27.
After completing the draft framework I ap-
proached the Government of Bihar and Orissa for
financial help for its revision and publication. At
the instance of the Director of Public Instruction*
Bihar and Orissa, Eev. H. W. Pike (modern Oriya
translator of the New Testament) made a careful
survey of the unrevised manuscripts in August 1928
and reported favourably to the Government to render
financial help to the Undertaking.. The adding of
Hindi synonyms and English transliterations were
not contemplated at that time. Revd. Mr. Pike
reported as follows : —
"It is a monumental work partaking of the
nature of an encyclopedia, built on the line of some
of 'our larger English Dictionaries. It aims at being
exhaustive, including words in use in all parts of
Orissa as well as words incorporated in the lan-
guage from other languages (English included). It
includes proper names and gives brief summaries of
■the history of the more interesting ones in Indian
History. It gives a vast number of references to
Oriya literature by way of illustrating the usages
(particularly unusual usages) of words, and finally
it explains the meanings in three languages. In my
opinion the work would be a great advance on any.
thing now in existence and would prove of the
greatest value to scholars and students and for the
comparative study of Bengali and Oriya. There is
at present no Oriya dictionary which remotely
attempts at what this work does. As a monument of
the Oriya language and a standard work of refer-
ence on that subject, I believe, the dictionary ief
well worth printing."
Mr. Fawcus, Director of Public Instruction
Bihar and Orissa, was pleased to pay a visit to the
j
manuscripts in January 1929. He pronounced the
work to be valuable and promised to purchase 114
copies of the book, when published, for the Educa.
tion Department. The Director of Public Instruction ,
of Madras promised to purchase 50 and the Director
of Public Instruction of Bengal 10 copies.
Mr. N. P. Peck, Collector of Cuttack visited
the manuscripts in March 1929, and at"his instance
Mr. J. A. Hubback, Commissioner of the Orissa
Division inspected the manuscripts in July 1929„
Mr. Hubback was pleased to test and verify some
astronomical and botanical notes^ and was so pleased
with the care and research bestowed on the work
that he, in consultation with Mr. Fawcus, Director
of Public Instruction of Bihar and Orissa, informally
recommended to the G-overnment to render substan-
tial help towards the revision and publication of the
lexicon. Mr. Hubback was of opinion that the work,
when published, would not only be welcomed and
requisitioned by the Provincial Governments and.
the Feudatory Chiefs, but also by learned bodies
and Universities in India, in England, on the Con-
tinent and in the United States of America.
The Government of Bihar and Orissa, in the
Mini stry of Education, then directed the Commissioner
of the Orissa Division to submit a detailed official re-
port embodying definite proposals and estimates for
the revision and printing of the manuscripts. The
Hon'ble Raja Saheb of Kanika, Finance Member of
the Government of Bihar and Orissa, was pleased to
pay a visit to the manuscripts in October 1929 B
Mr. Peck, then officiating Commissioner of the
Orissa Division, submitted the detailed report, called
for by the Government, in December 1929, as a
result of which the Government of Bihar and Orissa,
in the Ministry of Education, were pleased to author-
ise me to bring out an edition of 1000 copies^
promising to pay half the estimated cost of printing,
i.e. Rs. 14,200/-, and make an immediate grant of
Rs. 5000/- towards the cost of revision.
After receiving the Government order I approach-
ed the Political Agent and Commissioner of the
Orissa Feudatory States, Mr. J. E. Scott, M; A.
(Glasgow) O. B. E., I. C. S. He was pleased to give #
the work his blessing and initial practical support
by requesting me to book advance-orders for two
copies for each of the seven administered Feudatory
.*
: ■*- -t. ■,
States. Mr. Scott advised me to approach the Ruling
Chiefs personally for- support and patronage, and he
felt confident that the Ruling Chiefs would readily
extend their patronage to such a laudable under-
taking of national utility.
A specimen Jorm of 18 pages was printed and
circulated with a prospscfcus and order-form, inviting
doners and advance-subscribers. At the time of issuing
these in a book form, it had been roughly calculated,
in consultation with Rev. Mr. Pike, Babu B. S. Das,
proprietor of the Mukur Press, Babu Visvanath Kar,
proprietor of the Utkal Sahitya Press and some
other leading presses of Cuttack and af fer compar-
ing the printed specimen-pages with the original
pages of tha manuscripts, that the whole work would
occupy 3600 pages, Royal Quarto, and that the
remaining half of the printing and binding charges
for an edition of one thousand copies, of which the
government had made a grant of half, could easily
be met from donations and advance-orders. The cash
sale-price of a set was fixed at Rs. 40/-, and for subs-
cribers registering their orders and making full
payments in advance, the price was fixed at Rs. 30/-.
As a result of the circulation of the prospectus
and specimen-pages in and outside Orissa, I was
able to secure advance-orders and full advance pay-
ment for copies from Norway, France, Ger-
many, Madras, Dacca, Patna and Calcutta. The
Maharaja of Kalahandi, who had donated Rs. 1000/
for the revision, subscribed for 25 copies, the
Ruling Chief of Keonjhar 10 copies, the Raja Saheb
of Dharakote 10 copies. The Ruling Chief of Keon-
jhar also contributed Rs. 500/- for its publication.
Mr. P. C. Tallents, I. C. S. Political Agent and
Commissioner of the Orissa Feudatory States has
baen taking a more than personal interest in the
publication and has been personally appealing to
tae of the Ruling Chiefs for help. Mr. C. L.
Philip, the present Commissioner of the Orissa
Division has been visiting the press and inspecting
the progress of printing. Mr. S. L. Marwood, the
District Magistrate and Collector of Cuttack has
more than once visited my office with Mrs. Marwood
and made many suggestions. These two gentlemen,
on detecting some printing imstakesin the English
^portion of the first volume, have very kindly offered
to look through^the English portions of the^proof-
sheets of the subsequent volumes.
The lata Mr. Henderson, who at first sugges-
ted to me to undertake the -compilation of
this work in 1913 came to Cuttack as Prin-
cipal of the Cuttack Training College in 1929-
, He had volunteered to correct the proof -sheets of this
work. Unfortunately by his untimely death I lost
a valuable co-operator. Mr. F. B. Whitmore who
succeeded him as Principal was kindly looking over
the English portion of the prooLsheets. By his
retirement I lost his valuable help also.
I attended the 9th sitting of the Indian Oriental
Conference held at Patna in December 1930 as
President of the Oriya Section, and while there Mr.S*
C. Tripathy, I. E. S. was so pleased with the pages
already printed that he moved H. H. Maharaja Pratap-
chandra Bhanj Deo, Ruling Chief of Mayurbhanj
State to substantially help the undertaking, and
the Maharaja Saheb was pleased to promise a
help of Rs. 8000/- towards the printing charges. In
deference to the Maharaja's wish the name of his
late brother Maharaja Purnachandra has been
joined to the title of this work.
Now, on printing the vowel portion of the
manuscript it is found that the vowel portion only
has occupied 1200 pages in print (instead of 400
pages, as at first estimated) and that the whole work
will cover about 6000 pages (instead of 3,600 pages,
as originally estimated) to be bound into 4 or 5
volumes (instead of 2 volumes, as originally esti-
mated). The revision, fair-copying, printing
and binding charges will come up to about
Rs. 60,000/- instead of Rs. 30,000/-, as at first esti-
mated.
When I began collection of materials for the
dictionary 17 years ago, I had not faintest idea
of the colossal proportions it has now assumed; but
as I gradually realised the want, of a comprehensive
dictionary in our language the scope of my labours
expanded till it absorbed my whole time and atten-
tion and obliged me to retire from a tolerably lucra-
tive practice. I have now in my staff of co-workers one
graduate, two under-graduates, one Pandit and a fair-
copyist who are costing me Rs.250/-per month, I have
to meet my bare maintenance charges also. Considering
the ever widening scope of the compilation,the prospec-
tive and actual costs have been continually outgrowing
•vety successive larger and larger estimate which,
reasonably be framed. The work is emphatically
^+
c
XI
]
one which requires time and money. Tjhe ampler the
resources placed at the disposal of the compiler, the
more satisfactory and thorough will the out-turn
In the" meantime Mahanta Maharaj Gadadhar
Ramanuja Das of Emar Math, Puri, has promised a
donation of Rs.2000/- and my son-in-law Rai Bahadur
Lokenath Misra of Puri, lis. 1000/-. It is also expected
that Raja Sri Krushna Chandra Gajapati Narayan Dev
of Par lakhemedi, whose name will ever be remembered
in connection with the question of amalgamation of
the Oriya speaking tracts, as delegate to the * Round
Table Conference, and whose family has ever been
known to be the patron of Oriya . Literature and
Learning, will liberally contribute towards the
cost of publication. It is a matter of congratulation
that Raja Bikram Dev Burma, who is a patriot and
a distinguished Oriya scholar and who at first mooted
in the Bihar & Orissa Vernacular Development
Committee the desirability of haying a comprehen-
sive Oriya Dictionary and has been assiduously
watching the progress of my labours and supplying
me with hundreds of provincial Oriya words
in use in Gran jam and Jaipur tracts, has through
the Grace of God, come to occupy the gaddi
of Jaipur in the Vizagapatam district; and it is
hoped that the deficit of the publication charges
will be met by him.
To the good fortune of our Oriya nation
H. E. Sir H. L. Stephenson is the Governor, the
Hon'ble Mr. Sifton the President of the Executive
Council, the Hon'ble Raja of Kanika the Finance
Member, the Hon'ble Sir Fakhruddin the
Education Minister and Mr. Gokhale the Education
Secretary of the Bihar and Orissa Government. I
would not liave been able to secure a liberal
Government grant and Government patronage to
£his national undertaking had it not been for the
-earnest pleadings of Mr. Peck, Mr. Hubback and
Mr. Fawcus, which secured a liberal response from
the above illustrious members of the Bihar and
Orissa Government. H. E. Sir ILL. Stephenson
has graciously permitted his photo to be reproduced
in the work as its patron.
While taking a retrospect of my humble labours
I find that I owe the perseverance, the faith -in
Providence and my habit of labour, which , ifeaye
-enabled me to compile such a voluminous work
without lagging in the midst of adversity and want
to the inspiring example of my preceptor Mr.'M. S.
Das M.A., B.L.,;C.I.E., Advocate,Cuttack, with whom
I had the honour of serving as junior for about 10
years when I entered the bar. Whenever I have felt
discouraged, whenever I have felt disinclined^
I have invoked his picture before my mind's
eye, and this has inspired me to push on with
redoubled zeal. To him must belong the credit
of having turned an idler into a persevering and
humble son of the Oriya nation. I had thought
of appending to the dictionary the ha If -tone"
pictures of the gentlemen who have in many ways
helped me; but some of them did not prefer the light
of publicity. I append to the first volume and
shall append to the subsequent volumes such pictures
as are available and permitted to be reproduced.
The minor Chief of Athgarh,Raja Radhanath Dev
Burma whose father, the late Raja Biswanath Dev
Burma Bahadur had been a lifelong friend of mine
and was known throughout India as a Sanskrit
scholar and a generous and devout Hindu, has been
staying with me for six months to get his adminis-
trative training at the Cuttack courts and offices.
I have been much pleased with his earnestness and
interest in helping me in his own way. A day does
not dawn in which he is not ready with dozens o£
provincial and dialectical words peculiar to the
Orissa Feudatory S tates. He makes it a point
to read portions of the manuscript to any gentleman
who comes to visit him and takes a personal pride
in the humble production of his father's friend.
May God bless him and make him an enlightened
patron of Oriya literature.
The first volume is dedicated to Mr. J. A.
Hubback, I. C. S., for whose genuine sympathy and
appreciation I shall ever remain grateful.
The price of a set of the work, wMeh will con-
sist of four o» five bound volumes, instead of two
as originally planned, is now, in consideration of the
increased size and cost of publication, been fixed at
Rs. 60/-, (Rs. 50/- for unbound volumes), payable in
advance on or before the delivery of the first volume.
For subscribers who have already paid the previously
advertised price of Rs. 30/- in ad vanes, the price
will Hl^aain the same, and the first and successive rf
*&a1 treses will be delivered to them on payment of the
freight-charges, as previously advertised. Through
the Grace of God the first volume is finished and put
-[ - xi i ]
into the hands of the public, anil His Grace, I hope,
will enable me to place the last volume in their
hands. I hate got daily and repeated proofs of
His Providence ■ in securing me helpers in quarters
from which help had not been expected, and He
has saved me from many pitfalls, adversities, acci-
dents and wants. I began my work 13 years ago
with a prayer to Him, I close this volume with a
prayer also.
The abbreviations used in this book and instruc-
tions for persons using the Dictionary have been
given in the lists printed after the Oriya introduction.
On the top of every page will be found some
instructions how to find out words with similarly
pronounced letters.
No one is more conscious than myself of the
defects and shortcomings of this work. Owing to
circumstances over which I had no control many
errors have crept into it. When the kind public
takes into consideration the fact that at least for
3 years I worked as word-collector, writer, collector
of quotations and authorities, reader and fair-
copyist, and at the same time paid personal
visits to the outlying Oriya-speaking tracts for
collecting provincial, dialectical and technical words,
read and underlined dozens of Oriya, English, Sans-
krit, Bengali and Hindustani Dictionaries and hun-
dreds of Oriya, Bengali, Hindustani, English, and
Sanskrit books and that I had no one to help me
till 1928, the public will condone the defects which
are due to the single-handedness of the worker. The
credit of having improved on the original manus-
cript and writing belongs to my colleagues, and I
alone am to blame for all the defects. If the users
of the Dictionary kindly point out to me inaccura-
cies, defects and omissions, I shall, if God saves me
till then, rectify them in the future edition of the
work. Kind suggestions for improvement will, if
approved, be carried out in the subsequent volumes.
Srijukta Visvanath Kar, Editor of the TJtkar
Sahitya magazine and Proprietor of the Utkal Sahityar,
Press, Cuttack ushered me to the world of letters, and"
my literary activities are due to his initiative. He
has been unremitting in supplying me with books,,
seeing the work through the press, and securing for
me help and co-operation. Had it not been for his
lively interest in the publication, my life's labours'
would not have so soon seen the light of the day.
Still, if I am not spared to see the subsequent vol urns-
published, I shall cherish the fond hope in my death-.
bed that Srijukta Visvanath Kar, Pandit Kulamani
Das and my younger colleagues and supporters and
lastly the Benign Government of Bihar and Orissa,
will not let the remaining portio n lie unpublished.
The Oriya language is one of the oldest verna--
culars in India, but the outside world has got no idea,
of the richness of its classics and of its vocabulary-.
My humble efforts at making the Oriya language
known, appreciated and admired not only by the sister, -
nations in India but. by the civilized world of letters,.
by linking it with the medium of thought of the civi-
lized world (namely English), with the Lingua franca,
of India ( namely Hindi ) and with one of the most
advanced sister-languages ( namely Bengali ), de-
serve encouragement and support from every true
patriot. This humble undertaking, pushed on through
a'period of l^years, has been appreciated and blessed.
by eminent scholars, both Indian and European,,
subsidized by the Government of Bihar and Orissa
and highly spoken of by almost all the news-papers
and periodicals of the land. Throughout this long
period of compilation I have kept in view the hope
that this humble work may serve as c the starting
point of many a research scholar in Grammar, in
Philology, in History, in Religion and even in Astro*
nomy, Botany and Medicine.
Thy Will be done ! Oh Father of all !
Cuttack; Orissa. 1
September 1931. J
G. C. Praharaj.
■ ->■■ _
£-■%'
Ttie HoTvble Sir Saiyid Muhammad Fakhr-ud-dip>
Khan Bahadur* &t.
(Ecti^tttion Minister! Bihar & Oriswn.
GIGN9Q Qg *ft v 8W %$$jj&& \
Visvanath Kar*
Editor of Utkal Snhilya, CUTTACK*
U. S. Pr^as. Cuttack.
Mr.C L Philip M. A., I. C. S.
Coniniii*ioneri Orissfl Division.
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Rat Bahadur Lakshmidhftr Muhanly
B. L., M. L. C i(
D>\ ritfildcnt of the Legislative* Ccuncili
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Raja Sri R a dh umoh an Kajendra Deo T
Chikali, ( Gan jam J,
Raja Radhanalh Dev Varms,
Miner Ruling Chief ut Alh^ir Stutci Ori^nn,
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"Oriya language used at the time of Upeodra ?
Bhanja continues to be used now, while Bidyapati's
{a contemporary of !^ianja) language is diftereiit
freift the present Beog«IL
At a period when Oriya was already a fixed
and settled language, Bengali dftl nit exist. The
Bengalis spoke a vast variety of corrupt forms of
Eastern Hindi, It is not till quite recent times
that we find anything that can with propriety
be called; a Bengali language (Beams Oompara*
tive Grammar of four languages Vol. I. p. 119)
We may place the Hinli with its subsidiary
forms Gujrati and Punjabi first fixing' their rise
and establishment as modern languages distinct
from their previous existence as .Prakrut till the
12th or 13th century. Oriya must have quite
completed its transformation by the end of the
14th century. Bengali was no separate indepen-
dent language but a maze of dialects without a
distinct national or provincial type till the 17th or
beginning of the 18th century. It was not till
the gradual decay of the central Mahommedan
power of Delhi enabled the provincial governors
to assume an independent position that Bengali
severed itself from Hindi and assumed character-
istics which now vindicate for it a right to be con-
sidered a separate language.
(Beams Comparative Grammar of four
languages Vol. I. p. 120)
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Kirtikar— <S>%3 g^QIQ^Q .'Indian Plants'
( ^Sl^ §£& )
Apte— GSfGOrg^sfleg^Q Practical Sanskrit— English
Dictionary, (^Q-Q^q^i ^RU\Q)
Beams^— Beams* Comparative Grammar of four
Indo-Ar jan languages. ( wp ^ q<g|Q ^q^)
Haines^ M o gi€W3 . Botany of Bibar and Orissa.
Howells— a !g1 91691$ *i€9W agoiSo 6©eB-Q°q«a
Fallon— Qq^ ET IRQ^Q S^glfiWqSI ©^ m<% I
Sir George Greierson— Linguistic Survey of India.
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QIGfR— 3&e> student's Bengali and English
Dictionary (9. Sllfigg^ OGfOI-QoqSl aQd|0)
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qaeWfQ— qq 91915$ en qaaqrq qq 1
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wis - ff^SL g9! ^ Q qi ^ a * *' '
qiQQI— giOte $$ fllQQI 919 ( G9iqq« ) 1
q&» G90-sis§iQ q$i ^cflq qs>! ^ 913599
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§°9 G9Q I
9GQ$S — $m® 9GQ91 8s I
LETTERS & SOUNDS' USED IN ENGLISH TRANSLITERATION OF THE WORDS
IN THE PURNACHANDRA BHASHAKOSHA.
Capital Small
a A
a
W A
a
Q I
f i
1
€1 1
*
i
Q TJ
u
$ .0.
a
Q Ru
yu
Q Rti
ru
5 Lu
lu
•
< E
e
3T Ai
ai
*.' '?■■■'■?■■ ° ■
€) M
m
°K^IQ);-- .
m
8 (^d) —
h
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S
Capita]
Small
9
K
k
Q
Ksh
ksh
3
Kh
kh
Q
G
g
Q
0h
■gt
^
•
. N
n
O
Ch
ch
€
€hh
ehh
J
^
■ Jh
it
8
N
5
t
T
O
4^h ■ *
® ■'-
^
d
*
©
+-
rd
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Vh
dh
*
t
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1
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Capital Small
—
rgh
€\
N
S
9
T
t
ei
Th _
th
Q
D
d
U
Dh
dh
Q
N '
n
Q
P
P
ST
Ph
P h
9
B
b
<%
Bh
bh
Capital Small
q
M
m
s
J
3
*'
y
7
.-.'■' R
r
Q
L
I
Q
L
1
«9^i 9 91 §
W
w
€1
S
*
s
€
Sh
sh
?!
s
s
9
H
h
rs
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS WORK WITH THEIR MEANINGS.
«9lfi*©«.ei9lfi4©69 9^9$© 9P ^
-f agQQtfl— SWQtf QIOhGQ g©<^[ i
+ BiaiQ|QSl— -aWIQ -9101661 g©^ I
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q©i— QSra^qgi i
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9m9§© €19 91 q^l I
■<Q®«9$sitffqr 9198© qsi I :
~f QQ3 = 9QSI 9101QQ g©«f*j f
.+ <?<§»©$ 9l©iCQ g©<fcj I
$ — 3qp9 i
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f
v ^sv
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SI. ^sfllt ^ aw I
Clgj© = Q$Q£l!^G9 • 9H95©, €19
eif©=Q©€^QQ &ICQ «i$69[ 9^99© €19 91 9I9h I
91, 9ltti=gi«h 9^9919; fll§© ^©HGQ 0Q9I& €19 I
6S?Hl9 < a=6i*)l©8€li^6Q 9s98& €19 t
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€©=6©fiWL-q«i 1
93*9 ==939 €II^CQ 9i9?© €19 l
€9=69€t§ €19 I : ~-
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9 = 3^ I .
QI = 9I«9 <JSI I
aosqpQ6i«y©aq5?Q^6Q si3© 91 $Qi€i©
91 m 9^1091 €19 1
q§ ©©=os©©3^ga ^ia i
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£I9<i = GQ9ffl QQmSQ 9i9§>© S0Q1Q 1
ai=aica v i
gi=gi^s> q^t t
giQlQ=giplQ G&9WG3 9i9§Q €19 !
GEr=Gg\ 91 gi^GQsi go$9 $j$i 1
q«qqq. ( ^p^=<3Q9QQ ; ^9=9Q9©^
9§9 = 9§9©Ql)
Q°=9crQiq^M
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9^051^1 = 9^iG>GQ 9s9?Q OlQqflO €19, I
9<31Q 9^! = 9Ca < a^Q 9G€IS61 I
G9G9=G9GQ£te q<3J ( ^eii— q ^, «w», sWI,
Ggtr, 9fift-si«)q[acto €io 1
G9Q<,Q = G9QmQ Q§ 01 SI^OTOGQ 9iO$© €19 I
9£>% €$I=»93Q QOHQ Q^Q qqfCWIGQ GSi§K3
+ qo=%. qo^fflsflq*
J. Q9 9I©*(GQ 3©^ I
3. 3. C<3| — flJUOQGCacfl 0*»l«^ I-
536JI = 96919 €19 91 S*fe SeqsiQ QORiQ« j
s^ia =€10Q Boeqao »ef 1
r^-=?W3$ 6 SQlf^i^ ^j^qg'R OhO^q $£iq$i {
S»flft© v 1 '
OT=OTOIfl £|Q 1
-fgiG2f=€19Q G?lf? «iaGGi W$Q g©^ !
S»=§q1 9! gqigra qsi i
GW^GQg^SjSi 1".
^i«gafli t?o§ 1
^q—Sfi^i os§ |:
*qi=ogq qq^ I
*ef1 = Q§al 9Qg i
V9==0Q9Gffl
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9§9=9$9Qft
+ ( qs )«9QgQ q§ G991 $q ao 01 ai% 6;
g«H£j siyeo.goi q$'9© 1
=( qaio )=-ai^d g©<^ 55 91 9$ 39 33 $>i^ :
G99I €!9 Ol 2ltf !
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— ■ ( Q|g ) ^SG^' q«^ q>Q$ €IQ-J9| €|q <j si^f 9)
Etc. = Please refer to the word preceding and
its following words in this Dictionary.
gee = Please refer to the preceding word.
Law = Legal term.
Algebra
Arithmetic
Astrology
Astronomy
Botany
Geography
Geometry
Logic
Mathematics
philosophy
y
= Words used in the said
Sciences-
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The illustrious PATRON of this work
H, E. Sir Junes David .Sift on EC. C. S I., K. C. I. E , I C. 5.
Governor of Bihar & Orbs a*
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PURNNACHANDRA
ORDIA BHASHAKOSHA
( A Lexicon of the Oria language )
Volume — II (Consonants; Ka to na)
Compiler— G. C. Praharaj.
Advocate, Patna High Court. Cuttack, B. N. R, Orisso. ( India ).
With the help of a body of assistants,
Printed and Ptfblisfied by V. Kar .
THE UTKAL SAHITYA PRESS,
CUTTACK,
1932.
\
■m
I**«l**Jji«I^*I*»I*wl»«l»»I
□
The Late Maharaja
Purnachandra BhanjDeoof Mayurbhanj
I «"! - ."r/
e.g ■ ^ -
SSitf^ 'U 9 ft * ' * "% ^2
jf* J Bl
T. S* Press, Cuttacli
i^
^
6
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The Second volume of the
PURNNACHANDRA
ORDIA BHASHAKOSHA
( Oria Lexicon )
is dedicated to
N. F. Peck, Esq. B A. (Cantab) I.C. S., C.B.E.
sometime District officer of Cuttack & officiating Commissioner
of the Orissa division,
ir> grateful recognition of Bis initiative arxf sincere solieitude for £f>e pufilieation of fne uuorfi ancf
fine ualuafile encouragement giuen By film to fne cause of Oriya literature arxf Bis
genuine sy ropatfiy for tfie Orias uufiiefi fie euineed as Oistriet Officer
of Gut taefc arxf Commissioner of t fie Orissa €)iuision.
o
Cuttack,
August 1932.
By his admirer
The Compiler
Q. C. PRAHARAJ.
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INTRODUCTION.
To the second volume of
The Purnnaehandra OlgiS BhashSkosha
( Oria Lexicon ).
Through the grace of the A lmighty Father the
second volume is now placed in the hands of the
public. It comprises the first five consonants.
The letter ' £sha' ( Q ) is learnt by the beginner at
the end of the consonants as a separate letter. It is
a diphthong of Ka, being Ka ( 9 )+Sha ( « ). So
it .has been given in the work a place after the
letter Ka.
In the introduction to the first volume the
history and progress of this undertaking from the
inceptiprf of the idea to the publication of the first
volume was traced in detail.
That this publication, when completed, will
remove a real want, needs no argument. From the
following extracts from letters received from the
German philologist, Professor Dr. Wilhelm Printz,
Librarian of the famous library, Bibliothek Der
Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesselleschaft, Halle
( Saale ) in Germany, it will be apparent what posi-
tion the Oria language and literature have hitherto
held in the estimation of the civilised nations.
On receipt of the prospectus and specimen-
pages he wrote —
"Since some years I have tried to increase our
department of books in modern Indian languages,
and we have now a nice stock, e. g. of Bengalee and
Hindi books; but so far, I have not had any opportu-
nity to buy Oria books. Oriental book-sellers in
Europe as well as in Calcutta do not seem to take
interest in Oria literature w
On receipt of some Oria books and the Typical
Selections from Oria literature in 3 volumes by
Professor B. 0. Mazumdar, together with a list of
hundreds of Oria books of importance, sent by me, the
Professor writes —
"I am just writing a small article about Oria
language and literature for the greatest German
Encyclopaedia published by Brockharus at Leipzig,
and I was glad to take new informations from the
Introduction to the Typical Selections and to mention
in the bibliography your dictionary and the
Selections."
Libraries in Germany, Norway, France and
England have been subscribing for the dictionary;
and European book-sellers have been requesting me
to register their names in advance for the dictionary.
I am happy to think that the Oria language and
literature will one day come to occupy their legiti-
mate position amongst the modern languages and
literatures and that I had an humble hand in contri-
buting to the beginning of such an era.
I hope that the worthy and moneyed sons of
Mother Orissa will extend their liberality and patro-
nage to this undertaking of national importance,
when they will realise the neglected position which
our mother-tongue holds amongst tfce modern nations
and will picture in their mind the bright future
which' is in store for it, in the comity of nations^
once its rich portals are laid open to the outside
world of letters.
Of my colleagues who were rendering me
assistance in revising and fairoopying the manus-
cripts when the first volume was out, Babu Chandra
Sekhar Misra B. A. has, in the meantime, left us.
Pandit Kulamani Das, Head Pandit, Bavenshaw
Collegiate School, Cuttack, Pandit Bain Chandra
»Bath, one of the workers of the defunct Satyabadi
Institution ©f Puri district, Samanta losing Maha-
patra, Assistant teacher of P. M. Academy, Cuttack,
Babu Golak Chandra Pradhan, the talented author
of an unpublished Oriya lyric of a very high order,
(
11
)
*
Babu Bhubaneswar Mist^a, an excellent faircopyisto
and Pandit Jagannath Rath, an Oriya scholar with
a musical and critical taste, have been working wita
me. Sreematee Peetambar«e Debee, my valuable
colleague and coadjutrix in the undertaking since
1919, has continued to render me assistance with
unabated zeal and interest. I can not but admire the
^regularity and sincerity with which Pandit Kulamani
lias been indefatigably revising every line of the
manuscripts and seeing that the meanings of the
Sanskrit words given tally with those given in stan-
dard books of reference. Sri jut Visvanath Kar,
the Proprietor of the Utkal Sahitya Press and
the publisher of this work and Babu Padma
Oharan Das, one of his assistants have been helping
me in the correction of the proof-sheets
Mr, C. L.Philip M. A., I. C. S,, Commissioner
of the Orissa Division and in his absence, Mr. S. L.
Marwood,,B A., I. C. .S., late District Magistrate
and Collector of Cuttack, went through the English
portions of a great number of proof-sheets of this
volume; and the author acknowledges with pleasure
the assistance rendered by them. It may be men-
tioned here with gratefulness that Mr. Philip volun-
teered to go through the English portions of the
pr flowsheets, and he has very cheerfully managed
to devote at least one hour daily to going through
eight pages of proof-sheets and make very valuable
suggestions and corrections, but for which the second
volume would have had many serious blunders.
Amidst the multifarious pressing official duties
-which devolve on, him as the Divisional head of
Orissa, he has found time to go through the proof-
sheets with regularity and precision.
My friend Babu Satindra Narayan Roy M. A.
B. L., Advocate of Cuttack has been helping me, as
before, by supplying the Bengalee equivalents of
Oriya words; and recently I have enlisted the
eo -operation of my young friend Babu Sudharasu
Mohan Mukherji B L. } pleader of Cuttack in tile
-supply ot Bengalee equivalents. Pandit Ramlochan
'Saran, publisher of the Pustak Bhandar,Laheria&erai,«
Darbhanga, has been helping me in finding out the
Hindi equivalents of many Oriya words
The first volume dealt with 13 vowels; the
second volume deals with 5 consonants and the
diphthong *Ksha\ Still, there remain 28 letters to
be fairoopfed and printed in the succeeding three
volumes. When the first volume was published in
September 1931, it was calculated that the second
volume would be out by March 1932; but on account
of paucity of financial support from the generous
donors and subscribers, by counting on whose libera-
lity this gigantic compilation had been undertaken s the
printing of the second volume has been unavoidably
delayed by about 4 months. The financial deadlock,
through w/Jiicb the world has been passing, has
affected the Government, and the rich people, more
than the poor. Naturally the Maharajas, Rajas and
other patrons of literature and learning, the sons of
mother Lakshmi ( the Goddess of riches ), were
not able to respond as generously as some of them
had done before. That flowing spring of liberality
having dried up, it would have been impossible to
bring out the second volume even now, had not some
well disposed creditors readily lent the sum of seven
thousand rupees on the security of my residential
house, and thus enabled me to push on the revision
and printing of the second volume. Matters have come
to such a pass that many of the generous subscri
bers who had promised to purchase more than one
copy of the work, when published, have been 1 obliged
to curtail their orders and purchase less number of
copies; and some, even, have not purchased any copy.
The Government of Madras, who had promised to
purchase 50 copies, and the Government of Bengal,
who had promised to purchase 10 copies, have, on
account of the present financial stringency, rescinded
their orders. At this time of financial distress I
have hesitated to approach generous personages, to
save them from the mortification of returning me
from their doors empty-handed. It is hoped that
better days will soon dawn and the undertaking wiU
be pushed on with speed and vigour, with gener-
ous help received from the patrons of learning in this
land and abroad.
Up to date, besides a sum of Rs. 7000/- received
from the Government of Bihar and Orissa, the
Maharaja of Kalahandi, the Raja Saheb of Chikati, the
Maharajadhiraj Bahadur of Burdwan and the Oriya
Sahitya Sangha, for revision and faircopying of the
manuscripts ( acknowledged in the first volume ), a
sum of Rs. 20500/- has been received from the
( Hi )
following sources t© meet the cost of -printing. The
Government of Bihar and Orissa { half of the then
estimated printing charges ) Rs. 14200/-; Maharaja
and Ruling Chief of Mayurbhanj State, Orissa,
Rs. 4000/-; Mohant Maharaj of Bmar Math, Pari,
Rs. 1000/-; Raja Saheb and Ruling Chief of
Keonjhar State, Orissa, Rs. 500/- ; Rai Bahadur
Loknath Misra, M. L. C. Advocate and Government
pleader of Puri, Rs. 500/-, the junior dowager Maha-
ranee of Mayurbhanj Rs. 200/-; the Raja Saheb and
Ruling Chief of Kharsawan State, Orissa, Rs, 100/-.
Besides the above, a sum of Rs. 5500/- is expected
to be received from some of the doners who
have made part payments out of their promised
donations.
Raja Ki shore Chandra Deo, the Raja Saheb
and Ruling Chief of Athmalik State, Orissa, was
pleased to pay a visit to the manuscripts recently
and examine them with great interest He promised
a donation of Rs. 1000/- towards the publication,
and^yrfnsed into the mind of the compiler new
vigour by assuring him that this work of national
.importance, which has been once begun, will be
completed. He has, in the meantime, sent his promised
donation on learning of the present financial stress
though which I have been passing. I am very
grateful to the Raja Saheb for his generosity and
encouragement.
Raja Madan Mohan Singh Deb Bahadur of
Dharakota, Ganjam, the worthy descendant of the
Oria metrical translator of the great epic
Mahabharata, and himself a well-known patron of
literature and learning, has subscribed for 6 sets of
the dictionary, He visited the manuscripts and has
.promised financial help to the work.
The Maharaja and Ruling Chief of Mayurbhanj,
Pratap Chandra Bhanj Deo, whose promise of a liberal
donation enabled the compiler to connect the diction-
ary with the name of his illustrious brother, the )ate
Maharaja Parna Chandra and who by supplementing
the Government grant, enabled the publisher to go
to the presa, has continued to take a paternal interest
on the progress of the work.
The Hon' ble Raja Rajendra Narayan Bhanj
Deo, O* B. E, Finance member to the Government
of Bihar and Orissa, whose tenure of office will be
fondly remembered by the Oriya nation in connection
with the Government grant to this national monu-
ment, has promised financial support to the work.
The late Maharaja TJdit Narayan Singh Deo,
Ruling chief of Seraikala State,Orissa Agency gave me
a very kind and patient hearing when I paid him a
visit last year with an introduction from Mr. P. C.
Tallents, I. C. S. I had great hopes of enlisting his
support as he was himself an Oria writer of consider-
able merit and a patron of Oria literature. It is hoped
that his worthy successor, Raja Sri Aditya Pratap
Singh Deo, the present Ruling Chief, a man of letters
himself, who has been following the noble traditions
of the family, will bestow his patronage on this
undertaking.
The Raja Saheb of Parlakhimedi, Raja Krushna
Chandra Gajapati Narayan Deb, who will be long
remembered in connection with his labours for the
amalgamation of the Oria speaking tracts,as a member
of the Round Table Conference and of the Orissa
Boundary Commission, and who has followed up the
time-honoured liberality of his family by patronising
the publication of various books, was approached
during his visit to Cuttack in connection with the
sittings of the Boundary Commission. He has .pup-
mised his support to the work.
Samanta Radha Prasanna Das, the son of the
iate Rai Bahadur Radha Charan Das of Soonhut,
Balasore, whose {amily has been known throughout
India for extensive charitable and religious endow-
ments and gifts 3 and who had been devoting himself
to the oultivation and advancement of Oria literature,
has expressed a keen appreciation of the work; and
it is hoped that some of the future volumes will be
connected with the name of his noble father who was
a personal friend of the compiler
I Maharaj Bikram Deb. Burma of Jeypur
Vizagapatam, as has been stated in the introduction
to the first volume, has been a staunch supporter of
this undertaking from its primary stage, when he had
not graced the gadi of Jeypur. Since he succeeded
to the estate he had been engrossecr^with many
unavoidable complications in connection with his
succession. Now that, through the grace of God,
these tangles are clearing up, the hope of getting the
( iv )
expected substantial support from, hirfi, for the publi-
cation of the remaining volumes, has brightened up*
The hope of getting practical ; support and
encouragement from various other sources, e. g.
Maharaja Sir Biramitrodaya Singh Deb Dharmanidhi
Gyanagunakar, K. C.L E,,M. R A* S., Ruling Chief
of Sonepur State, Raja Bahadur and Ruling Chief of
Hindol State, Raja Saheb and Ruling Chief of
Dhenkanal State, Raja Saheb and Ruling Chief of
Baud State, Raja Saheb of Puri, Raja Saheb of
Bodogodo, Ganjam, Raja Saheb of Madhupur,
Cuttack, Sreemati Chandramani Patmahadevi, late
Ranee of Madgula Estate, Vizagapatam, Babu
Parmananda Sahoo, proprietor, Aska sugar factory
and Babu Khetrabasi Sahoo, Zemindar and Mahajan,
of Cuttack, has been entertained, and in some oases
strengthened.
Chowdhury Mrutyunjoy N. Praharaj, the
minor Zemindar of Irda, Balasore, who is a promi-
sing young man and whose estate is now under the
Court of Wards, has shown his anxiety for seeing
the publication completed, and has watched the
progress of the work with a sincere solicitude, befit-
ting the son of the late Chowdhury Ramnarayan
Praharaj, who was an Oria and Sanskrit scholar of
a* very high erder and who had, more than once
in his life-time, pressed upon the compiler the desir-
ability of taking up the compilation of a compre-
hensive Oria 'dictionary.
The Raja Saheb of Athgash who has now
completed his course of administrative training
at Cuttack and* will shortly be installed as a
Ruling Chief, has never flagged in his earnest wish
to see the revision and publication of the labours of
his father's humble friend, pushed through.
My classmate of good old days, Dewan
Bahadoor Srikrushna Mahapatra, retired District
Superintendent of Police, has encouraged me by
various efforts at securing support from various
sources for the publication of the remaining volumes.
Rai Bahadoor Lakshmidhar Mohanty, B. L,,M. L C,
Advocate, Deputy President of the Legislative
Council, Bihar & Orissa, who has spared no pains to
further the progress of the ,"work and to secure
support for it from the Government and from the
public, has been as vigilant and helpful as before.
Mr D.P. 8. Sharma B. A, L C. S., the pre-
sent District Magistrate and Collector of Cuttack, a
nian of letters, a big landlord and scion of an ancient
leading family of Bihar, recently visited the manu-
scripts and the printed portions and very carefully
examined them. He has been so much pleased with
and interested in the work and specially that phase of
it which aims at establishing connection between the
Oria and the Hindi languages, that he has volunteer-
ed to bring the work to the notice of the leading
men of light and learning of Bihar.
Babu Bamdeb Misra B. A., Dewan to the
Ruling Chief of Athmallik State, has,in the meantime,
supplied me with more than a thousand provincial
and dialectical words in current use in Sambalpur,
Bamra and Athmallik States and Jajpur,
Dr. Radha Char an Panda L. M. S,, a Medical
nicer under the Puri District Board, who is a
keen student of the antiquities of Orissa and a rising
author of exceptional merit, has been supplying me
with hundreds of dialectical words of Ganjajt^and
Vizagapatam and words of antiquarian interest.
Sir. H, L. Stephenson, tho late Governor of
Bihar and Orissa, kindly permitted me to reproduce
his photo in the first volume, as its patron; and it is a -
matter of congratulation that his successor H. E. Sir
J. D. Sifton who, as President of the Executive
Council of Bihar and Orissa, had a large hand in
securing for it liberal Government support, has
kindly permitted his photo to be reproduced in the
second volume, as its patron.
The first volume was dedicated to Mr J. A.
Hubback, M- A., I, C. S., sometime Commissioner of
the Orissa Division and President of the Bihar and
Orissa Banking Enquiry Committee, and now
member of the Board of Revenue, Bihar and Orissa,
whose labours in connection with tbe work have been
enumerated in the introduction to the first volume.
The second volume is dedicated to Mr. N. F.
Peck, L C. S.,C. B # E , sometime District Magistrate
and Collector of Cuttack and officiating Commi-
ssioner of the Orissa Division, and now Inspector
General of Registration and Commissioner of Excise
and Salt, Bihar and Orissa, whose labours in con.
nection with this undertaking have been enumerated
in the introduction to the first volume.
yT ^^^^^^3&^^i^r ^^y^^iy^iw *»s^. ^^^r«
:
Maharaja Sree Brajamohan Deb
Hull rig Chief of Kalahari, Slate (07HSSA),
'
s»
ftV-*:
»* ««W
v^ *r«ww«»3
U. S, Press, Cuttack
(
)
Mr. a. E. Fawcus, M. A., C. I E„ O. B. E.,
V. D, I. E, S., Director of Public Instruction, Bihar
and Orissa, , whose primary promise to purchase
125 copies for his department, after inspection
of the manuscripts, made the passing of the
proposal of Government subsidy in the Council
easier, has continued his interest in the progress
of the work. Mr. H. Lambert M. A., L E, S.,
sometime Principal of the Ravenshaw College,
Cuttack and officiating Director of Public
Instruction, Bihar and Orissa more than once, who
had set the ball rolling by causing the manus-
cripts to be examined and reported upon by Revd.
Mr. Pike and other experts and thus brought my
humble labours to the notice of the Government, has
been watching its progress with great interest.
It is hoped that the construction and comple
tion of this national monument of Oria languag-
and literature, of which the foundation-stone hae
been laid by the Government of Bihar and Orissa
with two such distinguished and august heads, which
has been associated with the hallowed name of
the late Maharaja Purnna Chandra, son of the
illustrious pole-star of Utkal, viz. Sreeram Chandra
Bhanj Deb, which is guarded and fondly watched
by four stalwarts on the 4 quarters of Orissa, viz.
the Maharaja and Ruler of Mayurbhanj on the north,
the Maharaja and Ruling Chief of Kalahandi on the
west, the Maharaja of Jeypur on the south and the
Hon'ble Raja Saheb of Kanika on the east and which
has such a brilliant galaxy of present and prospective
supporters, as above set forth, to light it, will not be
left incomplete for want of proper encouragement
and support.
The Government ofjBihar and Orissa have
already purchased, at half price, 125 copies, which
they have supplied to the Colleges, High and Middle
Schools of Orissa. The following subscribers have
purchased more than one copy: —
Maharaja and Ruling Chief, Kalahandi State }
Orissa, 25.
Raja and Ruling Chief, Keonjhar State, 10.
Raja and Ruling Chief, Baud State, 8.
Maharaja and Ruling Chief, Sonepur State, 6.
Raja Bahadur of Dharakota, Ganjam, 6.
Raja Saheb of Madhupur, Cuttack, 6»
Mahant Maharaj of Radhakanta Math, Puri, 3.
Seven States which were under Government
administration in 1930, under directions of the Politi-
cal Agent and Commissioner Mr* Scott, 14.
Mr, M. S. Das, C. I. E„ Cuttack, 2:
Raja Saheb of Surangi, Ganjam, 2.
Prof. Dr. Sten Konow, Librarian, Ethnographic
Museum, Oslo, Korway, 2.
27 copies have been subscribed for by Euro-
peans, Christian missionaries and subscribers
outside the Oria-speaking tracts, including Bihar,
Bengal, Madras, France, Germany and England.
30 copies only have been subscribed by persons of
the Oria-speaking tracts and the District Boards
of Puri and Ganjam. Altogether 266 copies have
been sold and 24 copies have been presented to
distinguished patrons, well-wishers and associations „
When the prospectus was issued in 1929 it bad
been estimated that the whole work, when printed,
would cover 3600 pages, bound in 2 volumes, and
would cost Bs 28400/- ( Twenty eight thousand four
hundred ) for printing and binding. So, the pre-
publication price had been announced as Es 30/- per
set of 2 volumes; but when the 1st volume was prin-
ted it was found that the whole work would extend
to 6000 pages, bound in 5 volumes, and the cost of
publication would come to Rs 60000/- ("Sixty
thousand); so,the price had to be enhanced.1250 copies
are struck for the 1st edition. The pre-publica-
tion price of a set of 5 bound volumes has now
been fixed at Rs 50/- and of the unbound volumes
at Rs. 40/-, payable in advance. For subscribers
who prefer to purchase each volume, as it comes out*
the price has been fixed at Rs, 15/- for each bound
volume and Rs. 13/- for each unbound volume. The
subscribers will have to meet the postal, railway or
other transit charges for sending the books to them .
For subscribers who had remitted Rs. 30/- in res-
ponse to the announcement in the prospectus, the price
has not been increased; and they have been supplied
with the 1st volume and will be supplied with the-
subsequent volumes without further demand.
\ • The printing and binding charges ' for the five
volumes of the 1st edition will amount to Rs 60000/-^
as stated above. Out of this amount a sum of
Rs 30000/- has been provided for in the shape of
donations and subscriptions already received and
< vi ■»
promised. So, a further sum of Rs. 30000/- has
still to be found out, besides a monthly recurring
expense of Rs. 200/-, being the allowance of my six
assistants and my bare sustenance, for 2 years more.
The subsequent 3 volumes will be out at intervals
of about 9 months each. So, the whole work of
5 volumes will take about 2 years more to be
completed.
This work of national importance has naturally
its claim on the bounty of every enlightened and
well-to-do son of Mother Utkal. As it aims at
establishing connection, between the Oria language
{ the mother tongue of 1 millions of people ) and
the Hindi language ( which is intended to be the
vernacular medium of exchange of thought through-
out India ), this undertaking has it claim on the
liberality of Hindi-speaking persons, the Nagari
Pracharini Sabha and lovers of Hindi literature. The
Oria nation has been in intimate contact with the
Bengalee nation in the fields of religion, litera-
ture, social communion, commerce and politics;
and there has been exchange of thought and
culture between the two nations for the last 6
centuries. Orissa has given some of its tost to
Bengal and vice versa. This work is a sustained
and •systematic endeavour at linking the Oria
language to the Bengalee, and as such, it has
its claim on the generosity of every son and
patriot Mother of Bengal.
As an humbly return for patronage bestowed
on, services and help rendered and encouragement
given to this undertaking in various shapes, I
decided to append the half-tone pictures of its
patrons, supporters, and helpers and acknowledge
their services in the introduction.
In the 1st volume were reproduced the photos
which were available at the time. In the 2nd
volume the photos of the following supporters hav e
been reproduced.
1. H. E. Sir J. D. Sifton, K.C.S I , K. C. I. E.,.
I. 0. S , G-overner of Bihar and Orissa.
2. J. A. Hubback, Esq. M. A., I. C. S.,
Member, Board of Revenue, Bihar and Orissa.
3. K. E. Peck Esq, LC.S , C. BE., Inspector
General of Registration and Commissioner of Excise
and Salt, Bihar and Orissa.
. 4. G. E. FawcusEsq.M. A.,C. I. E.,I. E. S.,
Director of Public Instruction, Bihar and Orissa.
5. Maharaja and Ruling Chief of Kalahandi
State, Orissa.
6. S. L. Marwood Esq I, C. S. late District-
Magistrate and Collector of Cuttack.
7. Revd. H, W. Pike, B. A., B. D , sometime
Baptist Missionary, Cuttack.
8. Raja Saheb and Ruling Chief of Athmallik
State^ Orissa.
9. Rai Bahadur Loknath Misra B. L„M. L.C
Advocate, Puri.
It is intended that the other photos of its
present and prospective patrons and supporters will
when availablle, be appended to subsequent vohimes
At present the compiler's chief aim is to
provide the wherewithal to get the work published
by means of donations, grants and subscriptions
received with advance-orders. So, the pre-publi-
cation price is fixed to cover the publication-charges
only without bearing any margin.
The price of the whole set may be increased,
So as to leave a margin of profit for the compiler and
the book-seller 7 when the complete work is published.
Seeing the expansion of the size of the work
in comparision with the first estimate, many of mj
well-meaning friends have been suggesting to me
the desirability of curtailing the number of words
by giving one form only ®£ a word which is used in
more than one form, and by leaving out most of the
compound words. The utility of a dictionary, as a
book of reference, lies in a stranger or learner
readily finding out the meaning of a word whiah he
conies across in a boofc or in the mouth of a speaker.
By following the advice of my friends, the size, and
necessarily, the cost would be much lightened; but
from a philological and practical point of vieWt the
primary aim and utility of saoh a compilation would
be frustrated. My only reply to these well-meaning
( vii )
friends has been the same as would be given by a
mother of many children, whom she feels it very
difficult to maintain, when asked to do away with
some of them to lighten her burden, and to retain
as many of them as she can maintain without
straining her nerves and resources.
"I have devoted the best portion of my life and
energy in bringing them out to this world and have
drained my life-blood to sustain them. Each one of
them is equally dear in my eyes. I may suffer, I
may be obliged to beg or break stones in the public
street to maintain them. It may be that I may fail
in my attempt and all of us may perish; but I can
not brook the idea of parting with any one of these
dear little ones. We shall live or die together."
On the other hand, I am every moment realis-
ing, to my dismay, that for want of time, of money
of research, of sufficient sympathy and encourage-,
ment, of proper bocks of reference, of extensive
travel, of .proper response from various quarters and
of inspection of thousands of palm-leaf manuscripts
lying hidden and neglected in the distant corners of
the four Provinces, I could not collect thousands of
words used by the Orias in the various tracts of the
ancient TJtkal or Kalinga country, of technical words
of science, trade, art, mythology and history. So,
when my friends want me to apply the pruning
knife to the few words which I have been able to
collect, my pen refuses to obey their mandate, well-
intentioned though they be.
May a time come when some monied patron of
literature or some financially strong body of men
abler than the solitary and weak compiler ,will take up
the subject in right earnest and institute a thorough
search in every creek and corner of the formerly
Oria-speaking tracts, now lying in four Provinces,
from the Godavari river in the south to the Ganges
in the north and from the Bay of Bengal in the east
to the table-lands of the Central Provinces in the
west, and collect all words preserved in palm-leaf
manuscripts and used by people whose mother-
tongue is or was Oria. Unless this is done, thou.
sands of Oria words will be lost, which still lurk in
the mouths of old men and women of the outlying
tracts and which are gradually disappearing, as the
process of denationalisation of these people pro-
ceeds apace, and as persons, who were originally
Oria in culture, in sentiment and in language
merge in the virile dominant races of those tracts.
This is not the work of a jsingle individual of slender
means and scanty acquirements, like the present
compiler. The New Standard Dictionary of the
English Language, in 4 volumes, recently published,
represents the labour of over 380 specialists and
scholars, 400 professional readers and the expenditure
of over 40 lakhs of Rupees, as given out by the
publishers.
The courts of the Rajas of ancient Orissa were
reverberating with music, with art and literature, and
were the asylum of men of letters, research-scholars,
philologists and philosphers. Let their descendants,
some of whom are still burning with patriotism and
genuine love for the mother-tongue, take up the
subject of word-collection and philological and
archaeological research in right earnest on the lines
adopted by the successive rulers of Mayurbhanj State,
including Maharaja JPratapchandra, and thus save
thousands of Oria words from oblivion and extinction.
Thus and thus only they will contribute to the
Renaissance of the Oria culture, which had one day,
emerging from Kalinga, carried the message of
civilisation, of religion and art and of universal love to
the farthest corners of the eastern hemisphere*, to
Nepal, to China, to Burma, to Siam and the islands
of Java, Bali and Ceylon and the East Indies.
May that day come, when the civilised world
will realise howjrich, phonetic and ancient the , Oria
language is and when the Oria language will be given
its legitimate place of honour among the cultured
modern languages.
The humble compiler, while drawing this hope-
ful picture of a glorious future, feels happy at the
thought that though he may not be spared to see the
glorious day, it has fallen to his lot to now sow the
tiny seeds which will one daj germinate and spread
branches and bear fruits, to the aggrandisement of
the Oria nation. The 'Prachi' Sun is rising in the
Orient. May the full flood of light illuminate the
^ace of the earth.
Bhashakosha Office,
Cuttack.
August, 1932.
Gopal Chandra Peaha&aj.
qpi gf in di swi^q^ gw
J
Raja Sree Kishore Chandra Deb
Kalis Snlieb &Rulin« Chief oF Athmatlik State- (OWJftSA)
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A
•
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a*
a
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m
1
$
I
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1
$
U
U
3
u
ti
Q
Ru
•
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Q
Ru
•
TU
5
XfiXm
m
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4
E
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6:
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An
an
« (9*0)
■^ ■
h
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* (0Q9Q)
t —
5
Capital
Small
K
k
Ksh
ksh
€1
Kh
kh
Q
G
g
a
Gh
gh
#
N
*
n
9
Ch*
ch
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Cbh
ohh
J
4
J
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Jh
jh
S
N
n
t
T
t
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th
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—
£
©
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( V )
Capital
Small
Capital
•
Small
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—
r$h
fi
M
•
£1
N
4
n
m
J
]
9
T
t
«4
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a
Th
th
Q
R
r
Q
D
d
Q
L
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61
Dh
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L
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9
N
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Wi 9 91 9
W
w or v
9
P
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€1
S
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8
£f
Ph
ph
Q
Sh
sh
9
B
b
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S
s
3
Bh
bh
9
H
h
< Slgesj qh99© giG*©o a^Q 6 q^aioq 1 qqq^ i
ABBREVIATIONS USEB IN THIS WORK WITH THEIR MEANINGS.
aQi^Q=:gQi^©eQ 9s9$« ao Ql Q$i i
.-|-*I$I99«^2K|9Q<SI 9Iq 6 igq gon^ I
-f-SIQIQIQ =881919 9IQiCQ g©^ i
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91 QQIGtf I
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Q»=»Q°q«B q<ai 1
QOQ — QQQQMH^ €19 91 Q€l I
qoj— Q»i«iq qsi 1
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6=*<$§>eo qgi 1
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+ Q$— Q$ 9IGHG9 S9nq I
+ 9^^910SCQU9M^ I
9*11=9*119^ S9IS (
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afl©=a3©€ii$G9 9*19^9 €19 I
a|©=Q©Q999T W9 31969 9<I9$Q €9 9 1 9l9i I
q-W*1 Q«l i
gj. g|0«!=>gig«t 9m99I9 ; fllff© SI§91G9 9Q9I& 39 I
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9l=~©fia q<ai I
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€©— Gtt^QaM
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€Q = €^29 €19 I
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Jaaigl9G9 G«l» I
9-ggi9Mi
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qis 9$«i fl&iGQ se>a €9iQ«ti'"i" aa:— i fli€Q
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9Q<S]9=a6S>l§ «©Q 9a ( 3aoieTG9!a9 ,.S9 i
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9©i9 $g^ 6QQ9r 9%© q«ii t
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^Qf qO 9&J6Q .OHftflCtQ ©® I
Etc; etc. ~ Please refer to the word preceding and
its following words in this Dictionary.
See = Please refer to the preceding word.
Law = Legal term.
Algebra
Arithmetic
Astrology
Astronomy
Botany
Geography
Geometry
Logic
Mathematics
Philosophy
= Technical words used in
the said Sciences
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The illustrious PATRON of this
Raja Sree Narayan Prasad Deb
R*j* Saheb »nd Ruler of Bctudh Slat* ( Oritft)
si m di qp ff i^S 4 sgi(51 ' 6W
S3 f W -W
U, §. Press, Cuttack,
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73
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PURNNACHANDRA
* *
ORDIA BHASHAKOSHA.
( A lexicon of the Oriya language )
Volume — HI (Consonants Cba — Tha)
Comp«7er-G. C. Praharaj
Kaiser-I-Hind,
Advocate, Patna High Court, Cuttack, B, N. R. Orissa (India )
With the help of a body of colleagues
Printed and Published by V. Kar
THE UTKAL SAH1TYA PRESS ,
CUTTACK
1933.
SS^*^" 1
rr*
I ■:■
AGENTS FOR PUBLICATION. )
1. Messrs Luzac & Co.
Oriental and foreign^ book-sellers
Great Russell Street
London W, C, I,
2. Mr. Otto Harrassowitz
Querstrasse 14,
Leipzig C 1,
Germany.
B. Librairie C. Klincksieck
11 Rue-de-LiHe
Paris 7E
France.
4. The Bhas ha kosha Office
P, O. Chandnichauk,
Cuttack,
Orissa, India
5. The Students' Store
Berhampore, Dt. Ganjam.
6. The Pathasala Press,
Bankipore, Patna,
Price Rs. 16/- er volume
■s
:DO#.
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**•*<
**90
™~-Z3&&S3t%&!3&Zr<.
Wfr'jm<y4£tz
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The third volume of the
PURNNACHANDRA
QRDIA BHASHAKOSHA
( Oriya Lexicon )
is dedicated to
Raja S*ee St ee Sree Narayan Prasad Deb
Raja Saheb and Ruler, Boudh State
in grateful recognition of fiis sincere solicitude for the puSlieation
of tfie worft and tfie ualuaSle encouragement affordecf 6y fiiro
to f fie cause of Oriya literature Sy a li6eral donation of
Rupees Kgfit thousand" towards tfie pu61ieation
efiarges of t6is uoluroe
Cut tack
May, 1933
\
By his admirer
The compiler
C. Praharaj
til £1 til Qiq^fl gqiQ CW flG9l^<? aiSWqQGQ
O 989. CSlSj <SL§Q W 6 Si© 3WIGQ Q^d QQ I
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Raja Srec Narayan Prasad Deb
RaJH S*hcb and Ruler of fteiidh Si Ate
( lo whom thii volume ii dedicated )
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i. S- Pros, Cuttuck,
Introduction
to the 3rd volume of the
PORNNACHANDRA ORDIA BHASHAKOSHA.
The contents of the 3rd volume.
Through the never-failing Grace of the Almighty
Father the t&ird volume of the Oria Dictionary is
now placed in the hands of the public. It covers
"iTconsonants beginning with the letter © ( cha )
and ending with a ( tha ). The Oria language has
got 13 vowels and 34 consonants, including the
compound letter s ( ksha ). The first volume
dealt with the 13 vowels, the second volume with
the first 5 consonants and the compound letter fi
Vksha)^and the third deals with 12 consonants. So,
up to the end of the 3rd volume 31 letters will
have been treated, and there still remain 16 letters
from $ ( da ) to 9 ( ha ) which are estimated to
occupy the next two volumes.
Certain devices for saving space.
In the third volume have had recourse to
certain space- saving devices. Two phonetically
similar words, having many letters in common
and differing from each other in one or two letters
only, have been treated as one word by the use of
brackets. For instauce, instead of writing C©lGi!Q9l
( Jokhaiba ) and GftiSGlQQl ( Jokheiba ) as two
separate words, they have been written as one
word, G9ietl(C<Sl)Q9| [ Jokha(khe)iba ]. ( vide page
3040, 1st column ).
In many cases words derived from a
have been noted below the word and their parts
of speech noted againsfc them, instead of each being
treated separately. For instance, under the word
©CQQI^I ( Tadekatma ) which is an adjective, its
derivative noun form ©69©l%9 ( Tadekatmatwa )
has been noted below it, instead of being treated
separately ( vide page 3338, column 1 ).
In the case of words used in more than one
form , one form has been given as the principal
word and the alternative forms have been noted
below it. For instance, @H19»QQ ( Damadaula )
1
has been given as the main word and its alternative-
forms 90l€9l£t ( Damadola) and @aie@lQ (Dmgdaula^
have been noted below it, instead of being treated
separately ( vide page 3222, column 1 ).
By means of these devices there has, I think
been a saying of at least 200 pages in the matter
contained in this volume.
Suggestions have been made to make use of
the spaces left vacant on the right of the Oria
and English meanings, by continuing the matter
of the lower line in the upper as one line. This
plan would, no doubt, save much space; but as it
has not been followed in the previous volumes, the
deviation would be resented as an innovation by some
users and would be confusing to many others.
In the fourth and succeeding volumes it i&
proposed to discontinue the use of head notes
occupying the top of every page, as the users of
the dictionary must have become familiar with
the directions given in these head-notes in the first
three volumes. Only at intervals of, say 50 or 100,,
pages, and on the top of the beginning of every new
letter will these head-notes appear. This will
certainly result in a substantial saving of space.
The number of words in the lexicon.
To satisfy my curiousity I had the words
treated in the first three volumes counted. It is
found that 62 thousand words find place in these
volumes. It is "expected that there will be 60
thousand words more in the subsequent volumes,
thus bringing the number of Oria words to one
hundred and twenty thousand, or at least one
hundred thousand. The Hindi Sabdasagara
( Hindi dictionary, compiled by the Nagari
Pracharim Sabha of Benares ) appears to have
93 thousand words- Babu Jnyanendra Mohan Das's
Bengalee dictionary contains 75 thousand words,
Webster's English dictionary originally contained
80 thousand words in the 1847 edition.
L.' 1 -
[
u
■ J*
V
3
V
Still, some thousands of provincial or dialectical,
technical and classical words have not found $>l$cd
in this compilation, for want of assistants and resour
oes required to compile them. Now that a tolerable
ground-work has been laid, it is hoped that energe-
tic young men and societies, commanding resources
and workers, will supplement the number by collec-
ting words from every conceivable creek and corner;
and then Oria will be pronounced to be one of the
ricfeest a rid most phonetic language^ on the face of
the earth. '~
Books of reference.
I take this opportunity of repeating here, with
gratitude, the valuable help I have received from
the English, Hindi, Bengalee and Oriya books of
reference, the names of which are mentioned in the
list appended at the end of the introduction.
Incompleteness of the vocabulary
of a living language.
It may be noted here that it is impossible to
compile a complete vocabulary of a living language,
as it is to compile a complete biography of a living
person. A living vernacular is being every day
-enriched by dozens of new scientific, technical and
professional terms which are coined from day to day
to suit the exigencies and requirements of the times.
Preliminary stages of publication.
As has been stated in the introductions to the
previous volumes, the alphabetical compilation of
the Oria words has been completed and the manus-
cripts once revised by me. Fair copies of the manus-
cripts are made, which, after revision and necessary
additions of Hindi and Bengalee equivalents, will
. be ready for press.
The prospect of the publication
of the complete work.
As the printing of successive volumes advances,
the prospect of the publication of the complete work
becomes brighter and brighter, and I hope that God
will not let this work of national importance, once
begun, remain incomplete.
■4fr—^^^^^P^i^^wp!*_-i
i
My valued colleagues and assistants' in
the compilation of this volume.
My valued colleagues and assistants in the
course of the preparation of the third vplupie have
been: —
. (1) C. L., Philip Esq. M. A., L 0.. S, C.:I, E.,
Commissioner, Orissa Division, recently gone home
on leave, has very carefully gone .through the
English portion of most of the proof-sheets of the
third volume, as he did in the case of the second volume.
"Whenever he was at head-quarter# Ite insisted on
the proof-sheets being regularly; f Btobj»itted ,to
him. Towards the close of the printing of the'
third volume he left for England, and from
what I have seen of his successor Mr. E, &■. Hoernle
L C. S, a man of high literary acquirements, I am
justified in entertaining the hope that he will, to a
great extent, fill up the gap made by Mr. Philip's
absence,
(2) The continuous and lively co-operation and
sympathy of Sreemati Pitambari Devi , my sister-in-
law, have enabled me to sustain the fatigue and strain
of incessant daily labour for 12 to 15 hours. She has
helped me in exercising the manifold activities of
lexicographer, reviser, f air-copy &fc, 'proof-reader,
compiler of quotations and dialectical words
and searcher in hundreds of books of reference in
English, Hindi, Bengalee and Oria, off and on for
the last 15 years. She has cheered me' on wher-
ever I have seemed despondent, she has braced me
up whenever I have become tired and she has goaded
me on whenever I have lagged behind. In a word,
she has been my inspiration in this arduous task
these 15 years.
( 3 ) Srijukta Viswanath Kar, my preceptor in
the field of .literature, Editor of the Utkal Sahitya
magazine and proprietor of the Press in which the
work is printed 5 has personally supervised the printing
and proof-reading of the forms, even when
he is too ill to attend to other duties.
( 4 ) Pandit Kulamani Das, Head Pandit,
Bavenshaw Collegiate School, Cuttack, who has been
kindly permitted by the authorities to work with me
for one hour daily, has not only critically examined
and revised the fair copies, but has embodied many
valuable notes and additions in the body of the book,
after consulting many standard works of reference.
F7
I v ]
(5 ) Babu Krishna Chandra Misra M. A., JJ. I<»
of C attack, eo me time my junior in the bar, has
recently volunteered his help to go through the
proof -sheets and press-copies, to lighten the strain
put on me. Since I began word-collection 15 years
ago he has now and then rendered me help in various
ways, but towards the close oi the printing of the
* third volume, when he found me despondent over the
prospect of losing the valuable co-operation of Mr.
Philip and anxious to find a helpmate in his place, he
came forward with an offer of his daily service for
2 or 3 hours, which I gratefully accepted.
' Jt-6 ) Babu Satindra Narayan Ray Mahasaya,
M. A., B. L., Advocate, Outtack, has diligently gone
on supplying me with the colloqual Bengalee equi-
valents for many Oria words whenever he gets a
•'little leisure from his professional preoccupations.
His labour has been a labour of love throughout.
( 7 ) Pandit Ramlochan Saran, publisher and
book-seller, Patna and Laheriaserai, has very gladly
supplied me with colloqual Hindi equivalents of
many Oria words whenever I have required his help.
He has even, in this connection, undertaken journeys
to Outtack.
(8) Pandit Ramchandra Rath, the rear-guard
of the once famous batch of Satyabadi educationists,
has clung to my staff with a tenacity of purpose
which has elicited nothing but praise from those
who have seen him prepare the fair-copies from the
manuscripts. He has worked for the last 3 years.
(9) The extraordinary sharpness of Babu Padma
Charan Das, Assistant of the Utkal Sahitya Press,
Outtack, in detecting mistakes in the proof-sheets
is unrivalled. He has, at a glance, detected scores
of printing mistakes where 5 or 4 proof-readers
preceecjiug him could find none. He has spared no
pains in thoroughly going through the proof -sheets
and watching the printing of the forms with, the eyes
of a zealot, in the course . of the publication of the
-three volumes,
( 10 ) Pandit Narsing Mahapatra, Assistant
teacher, P. M. Academy , Outtack, insisted on working
in the staff, when he found that I , would not
be able to pay him even the scanty allowance which
I have been wont to pay to my assistants.
(11 ) Babu Bhubaneswar Misra has been
un my staff for the last 2 years.
( 12 ) BabuGolak jChandra Pradhan, an Oria
classical scholar and a talented^ Oria poet, who has
devoted his attention to t^e composition of Oria
poems in the style of our classical poets but in simpler
language, has been working in my staff, off and
on, for the last 4 years.
My supporters and well- wishers.
Besides these gentlemen who have been
regularly assisting me, I am indebted to the follow-
ing gentlemen for their co-operation, support and
patronage .
Babu Bamdeb Misra B. A, Dewan, Athmallik
State, has supplied me with hundreds of words
current in the Orissa States and in Jajpur.
Babu Batakrishna Mahanty B. A, Dewan,
Boudh State, has also been profuse in his supply of
words peculiar to Boudh and Dhenkanal States ,
Rai Bahadur Jugal Eishore Tripathy, M. A,
Dy. Magistrate and Dy. Collector, Bihar and
Orissa, Dewan of Keonjhar State, has evinced a
keen practical sympathy and solicitude for the publi-
cation of the remaining volumes, by bringing the
work to the notice of several distinguished
personages.
Srijut Harish Chandra Baral B.Sc, I. S. R. S,
Assistant Traffic Superintendent, G. I. P. By.
Jhansi, a rising Oria writer of versatile talents, has
favoured me with many valuable . and welcome
suggestions and criticisms. He is one of the first
batch of ray advance-subscribers and has found
time, in spite of his onerous duties, to go through a
large portion of the published volumes, to find out
how cost and space can be economised in the remain-
ing volumes. Though I have not been able to
follow his advice on every point, after having
conducted the previous volumes on certain lines, I
have tried to benefit by his suggestions, whenever
possible.
The Raja Saheb and Ruling Chief of Athgarh
State, whose deep sympathy with the labours of
his late father's dear friend has been alluded to
in the first volume, has now been installed as a
Ruling Chief. I have sure indications that amidst
his state duties he is keenly watching the progress
of the work.
[ iv ]
Rai Bahadur Lakshmidhar Mahanty B. L.,
M. L. C, Advocate, Cuttack,* and Deputy
President, Bihar and Orissa Legislative Council,
has been as vigilant as ever in watching the
progress and financial outlook of the publi-
cation.
Babu Chintamani Mahanty, the. poet, mentioned
my humble labours in his presidential speech
at the la&t anniversary of the Utkal Sahitya
Samaj, Cuttack, and after visiting the manuscripts
published his high appreciation in some papers.
The editors of the Daily Ash a, the Samaj and
the Utkal Dipika, the Pallibaai, rt the Gurjat.basini.and
other papers have from time to time [encouraged me
by their appreciating editorials.
The Raja Sahebs of Boudh, Athmallik and
Keonjhar have honoured me by publicly eulogising
me and vay humble labours.
The rising Oria poetess Aparna Debi has
been a sincere admirer of the compilation and of the
compiler. It is hoped that she will be one of my
valued colleagues in near future-
My valued patrons
His Excellency Sir H. L, Stephenson, late
Governor of Bihar and Orissa, and now Governor of
Burma, who was the patron of the first volume, hag
continued to have an eye on the progress of the
publication.
His Excellency Sir J. D. Sifton, the, Governor
of Bihar and Orissa, who was the patron of the second
volume, has been as sympathetic as ever, and has
most readily granted me interviews and permitted
me personally to lay my wants and requirements
before His Excellency without reserve. His Excel-
lency has condescended always to speak a word in my
favour before prospective, patroris and doners.
The Hon'ble Sir Courtney Terrell, Kt, Chief
Justice of the Patna High Court, who is intimately
connected with many a movement touching the wel-
fare of: this Province and had occasion to see the first
and second volumes of the dictionary at the Patna Uni-
versity Senate meeting on 26-3-33,has been enthusias-
tic over it. During tlie Cuttack Circuit in April last
he found time to pay a visit to the office of the die-
tionary, This visit has infused new vigour into me
and my workers. This introduction has passed
through His Lordship's hands. I am grateful to His-
Lordship for his keen interest.
The Hon'ble Raja Saheb of Kanika, to whom
the compiler's labours have been known for the last
15 years, has always blessed the work with words*
of encouragement and appreciation*
G. E. Fawcus. Esq. M. A., L E, S., OJ„E.;VJ>,.
Director of Public Instruction, Bihar and Orissa.
has evinced a more than paternal solicitude. His
initial promise to purchase 114 copies for his Depart-
ment in 1929 made me dream of seeing the work
published. 1 His commendation of the undertaking ,
strengthened the recommendations of the Hon'ble
Mr. J- A. Hubbaok and of Mr. N. F. Peck to the-
Government of Bihar and Orissa for a liberal grant.
Not content with what he had already done, he.
recommended to the Patna University Syndicate and
Senate the proposal of a University grant of Rs,5000/-
for the publication; and the smooth and unanimous
passage of this proposal through the Syndicate and.
Senate was due to his initiative. The charm of the
fact is that he did not, till the proposal was finally
passed by the Senate on 26-H-33, let me know that
he was at the root of this proposal, which was put up-
before the University without my having approached
the body for the grant. This grant will en-
able me to start with the printing of the fourth volume
just after this third volume is out. I owe to him my
introduction to the centres of learning in England,
and on the Continent; for it was he who supplied me
with the names and addresses of persons and centres
of learning, to whom I sent my prospectus and
specimen forms, and many of whom have subscribed
for the work. I am grateful to all the members of
the Patna University also and specially to Babu
Ganjendra Prasad Das M.A., B.L # , Advocate, Patna >
who movflcfikhe recommendation of the Syndicate at
the Senate meeting, for this windfall.
Mr. M. S. Das, M. A, B. L., C I. E."the Grand-
Old Man of Orissa," whose connection with the
compiler has been gratefully referred to in the intro-
duction to the first volume, has watched the work
with the loving eye of a foster-father^ though as yet
we have not had the previlage and permission ef
publishing his photo.
In this edition 1250 copies. have been struck off.
The cost of bringing out each volume of about 1200
pages, including the cost of binding, amounts to
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rupees 12000/- (twelve thousand). Besides this, a
monthly recurring expense of Rs. 200/- is incurred
for the staff of assistants for making the fair copies
ready for the press. Besides this monthly charge
for 5 years (which works out at Rs. 12000/-), a sum
of Rs. 60,000/- (sixty thousand) is required to bring
out the complete set of 5 volumes by the end of the
year 1934. On account of financial stringency, which
has, for the last few years, affected the Government
as well as private persons, donations and advance
subscriptions came in so slowly and discouragingty
that I had to borrow Rs. 7000/- (seven thousand) to
bring out the second volume
Financial outlook
The financial outlook has been so serious that
the Government of Madras which had promised to
purchase fifty copies, when published, and the
Government of Bengal which had promised to
purchase ten copies, in 1029, rescinded their
promise when they were informed that the first
volume was ready. I was in a fix how to start with
the publication of the third volume,andI approached
the Raja Saheb of Boudh State, Orissa, and
laid my difficulties before him. He had already
subscribed for 8 sets of the work. He was so pleased
with the production that he made a grant of rupees
five thousand for the nonce and promised to
consider the question of further contribution for the
publication of the third volume. The prompt
payment of his donation enabled me to push on the
printing of the third volme. This has been
supplemented by the payment of the balance
donation of Rs. 4000/- by the Maharaja of
Mayurbbanj, Rs. 200/- towards his promised
donation by the Raja Saheb of Chikati and fresh
donations of Rs. 300/- by the Raja Saheb of Keonjhar
State, and Rs. 300/- by the Raja Saheb of AthmaJlik
State and an additional donation by the Raja
Saheb of Boudh. In addition to the sums received
from various patrons for the revision and public-
ation of the work, which were acknowledged in the
previous volumes, I gratefully acknowledge receipt
of the above sums which have enabled me to bring
out this volume without undue delay.
The Raja Saheb of Khallikota, G-anjam District,
wnose naire will be ever connected with the
Secretary of State's announcement of the creation
of the new Orissa Province, has in the meantime-
promised a donation of Rupees one thousand.
As an humble return for the substantial
encouragement given by him, this volume, is, with
his kind permission, dedicated to the Raj* Saheb-
of Boudh State, who is also constituted its pitron.
The recent grant of the Patna University
While the printing of the third volume was
nearing completion I was wondering what was in
store for the publication of the fourth volume, when
to my great surprise and relief, I learnt that the
Patna University, had as stated above, made a grant
of Rs. 5000/- This grant will enable me to start
with the printing of the fourtti volume, and Provi-
dence will arrange for the receipt of the requisite
balance of the cost of publication of that volume.
The expected he!p from the Raja Saheb of
Jeypur, Vizagapatam.
The Dewan Saheb of Jeypur State, Vizagapatam
District, has informed me that the Raja Saheb of
Jeypur j Rija Bikram Deb Varma, Sahitya Samrata r
whose intimate connection with this undertaking
since its inception has been gratefully acknowledged
in the first and second volumes, will favourably
consider the question of making a substantial contri-
bution towards the cost of publication of the fifth
volume.
Thus, it will be seen that the prospect of
starting the publication of the succeeding two volumes
is becoming brighter and brighter, forcibly reminding
me of the truth of the prophecy of the Raja Saheb of
Athmallik that this work of national importance-
having once started, God will not let it remain
unfinished.
Receipts and requirements
Up to date a sum of rupees forty six thousand
has been raised or promised, as donations and
advance-subscriptions, towards the publication-
charges of the five volumes, besides the amounts
raised for and spent in revision and faircopying of
the manuscripts. Still, provision has to be mads
for a further sum of Rupees fifteen to twenty
thousand before the fifth volume is placed in ti$B:
hands of the public .
[
VI
]
Reiteration of the already expressed hope of
completion of this national monument
I take this opportunity of reiterating the hope
-expressed in the introduction to the 2nd volume
that the construction and completion of this national
monument of the Oria language and literature, of
which the foundation-stone has been laid by the
Government of Bihar and Orisaa with such august
Heads as Sir EL L. Stephenson and Sir J. D, Sifton,
and which has been associated with the hallowed
name of the late Maharaja Purnna Chandra of
Mayurbhanj, and the progress of which is guarded
and fondly watched by the following distinguished
^trray of stalwarts and patriots, will not be long
delayed or deferred : —
The Maharaja of Mayurbhauj, the Maharaja
of Kalahandi, the Maharaja of Sonepur, the Maharaja
of Seraikela, Raja Saheb of Boudh, Raja Saheb of
Athmallik, Raja Saheb of Dhenkanal, Raja Saheb of
Jeypur, Raja Saheb of Parlakhemidi, Raja Saheb of
Khallikota, the Mohanta Maharaj of Emar Math, the
Hon'ble Raja Saheb of Kanika, Bhuyan Bhaskar
Chandra Mahapatra, the father of the 'Prachi'
movement. Bach one of these worthies is reputed
throughout the land as being an illustrious patron of
literature and learning, and any one of them can
contribute singly the necessary amount, if he only
takes up the matter in right earnest. The compiler
feels confident that the undertaking which has
progressed so far will advance to its completion with
the help of some at least of the above patriots.
Publication of a Supplementary Volume
if necessary.
After the fi fth volume is out it will have to be
considered if the publication of an additional volume
as Supplement, will be necessary to embody the
words which have come to our notice in the mean-
time and words of the last letters of the alphabet
which will be left over in the 5th volume.
Number of Copies sold and presented
to subscribers and patrons in and
outside Orissa and in Europe.
Up to the time of the publication of the second
volume (August 193:5) I had 266 copies of the work
*old. Since then 50 more copies have been, sold, thus
bringing the number sold to 316. Up to date 30
copies have been presented to distinguished* patrons
well-wishers, assistants and prospective supporters.
This book counts as its subscribers learned person-
ages and bodies in Norway, France, England and
Germany-, and booksellers in London, Germany,
Prussia and France have been securing orders for it
from abroad.
Appreciation of the work in Europe
Mr. Otto Harrassowitz of Leipzig has adver-
tised the publication in his catalogue of oriental pub-
lications which is distributed amongst 3000 clients
all over the civilised world. Messrs Luzac & - Co.
booksellers of London have already secured 5
subscribers and expect * to secure more. Mr. T
Clinck-sieck of Paris has also acted as my agent.
Mr. Guiseppe Tucci, member of the Royal Academy
and professor of religions and philosophy of India
in the University of Rome, intends publishing his
appreciation and review of the work in the official
organ of the Oriental School of the University of
Rome. Thus, it will be seen that the Oria language,
which was, until lately, not known outside Orissa,
has been gaining publicity and appreciation in
centres of international culture. For this service
I am grateful to the above agencies.
Award of the Kaiser-I-Hind
medal to the Compiler
To the recommendation of His Excellency Sir
J. D. Sifton, the Governor of Bihar and Orissa
who is my Patron, and of Mr. C. L. Philip C* I. E.
Commissioner of the Orissa Division, who is a valua-
ble colleagues of mine, I owe the graceful recogni-
tion of my humble service to the cause of Oria
literature by the bestowal of the Kaiser-I-Hind,
silver medal, on, the last New Year's day, which, to
a bumble worker like me i means a passport to the
patrons o£ literature and learning wliom I may have
to approach for help in furtherance of this national
undertaking.
The present price and the price to be fixed
after completion of the whole work
In the prospectus issued in 1929 advance-price
was advertised to be Rs. 30/- per set of 2 volumes;
but after publication of the first and second volumes
J /*■
[ vii ]
the advanoe-price was enhanced to Es.50/-when it was
found that the work would occupy 5 volumes; and
the cash price of every volume was fixed at Us. 15/-
Now in consideration of the increase of size and
cost, the advanoe-price of a whole set of 5 volumes,
payable in cash, is fixed at Rs. 60/-, and the cash
price for each volume is fixed at Rs. 16/-, The price
may have to be further increased as the publication
of the succeeding volumes advances. Those, however,
who have already paid the full advance-price accord-
ing to the then advertised rates will get the whole
set without any extra demand. The increase of
price has been necessitated by the unforeseen in-
creasy in the size, and consequently of the cost, of
the publication.
The expected time-limits for the publication
of the succeeding volumes
The fourth volume is expected to be out by
March 1934 and the 5th volume by December
1934, or by the beginning of the year 1935,
The connection between the formation of the
Orissa Province and the compilation
of this national monument
Since the publication of the first volume the
picture of a glorious future for the Oria nation,
which I had formed in my mind, still inspires me; and
the idea that the humble compiler has contributed
his quota to the dawning of this glorious day makes
me satisfied that I have not lived my life in vain.
It is but meet to mention here that in the intro-
duction to the first volume ( September 1931 ) I had
referred to the fact that the Oria-speaking tracts
lie scattered in the borders of four provinces. By
the time the second volume was out (August 1932),
the question of amalgamation of the said tracts was
on the anvil at the Round Table Conference. Now, by
the time the third volume is out ( May 1933 ), the
declaration of a separate Orissa Province has been
made by the Secretary of State for India in Council
at ,the conclusion of the third Round Table Con-
ference. It is hoped that by the time the two subse-
quent volumes are out, at intervals of 9 to 10 months
each, i.e by the end of 1934, the creation of the
Orissa Province will be a settled fact, after the satis-
factory solution of the vexed question of boundaries
of the new Province, which has been sorely agitat-
ing the minds of 12 millions sons and daughters of
Mother Utkal, since the memorable declaration made
in the White Paper. From this it will be seen that th3
fruition of my individual aspiration is contempora-
neous with that of the national aspiration of the
Orias for administrative union.
The fond hope of connecting the final volume
with the sacred name of His Majesty
the King Emperor
In commemoration of the creation of the
separate Orissa Province the compiler, on
his humble part, aspires to dedicate to His Most
Gracious Majesty, the King Emperor of India, the
last volume of this work, the result of a lifetime
of labour and application, as a symbol of sturdy and
unflinching loyalty of 12 millions of His Majesty's
Oria subjects, who had been, for the last half a
century, cherishing a dream and praying to be
brought under one administration.
Thanks to my past, present and prospective
colleagues, supporters, sympathisers
and patrons
To all my colleagues, supporters, sympathisers,
critics and patrons, actual and prospective, I again
tender my heartfelt thanks for all they have done
and will do; and I invoke their support, patronage
and blessings for the completion of the work.
Tribute to the Almighty and Benevolent Father
and prayer for His Grace
Lastly I tender my gratitude to the Great
and Bonevolent Being who has brought me
and my Dictionary safely up to this stage, and
pray that . He may give me strength and support
to finish it,
His will be done. Amen.
Bhashakosha Asrama,
CUTTACK,
May 1933.
}
Gopal Chandra Praharaj*
Compiler.
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Viswanath Kar
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See — Please refer to the preeceding word.
Law — Legal term.
Algebra ^
Arithmetic
Astrology
Astronomy
Botany
Geography
Geometry
Logic
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Padma Charan Das
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Ramchandra Rath
U.S. Press, Cuttack.
The illustrious PATRON of this work
*Vi&;
EC Gibson Esq C,I E,l C. S.
Ag*nt w ch« Governor Genrral* E**t*in Slate* Agency, Burnetii
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PURNNACHANDRA
* *
ORDIA BHASHAKOSHA
( A lexicon of the Oriya language )
Volume— IV (Consonants Da— Pa)
Compiler— G. G Praharaj
(Kaiser-I-Hind,)
Advocate, Patna High Court, Cuttack, 5. N. /?. Orissa f //?<rta;
With the help of a body of colleagues.
Printed and Published by V. Kar
THE UTKAL SAHITYA PRESS,
CUTTACK
*934.
#£
GflSIQSl
Mi,
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aja Sri Sri Sri Vikram Deb Varma
R*j* Sahcb,. Jtypoie E At Ate, Di*|, Vj« j,
3©N ©ffolQ, eiffclq.
aistoiaaig «i §qagqq qp'i
U, S, Press, Cuititik.
AGENTS FOR THE PUBLICATION.
1. Messrs Luzac & Co,
Oriental and foreign book-sellers
46, Great, Russell Street
London W. C. L
Mr, Otto Harrassowitz
Querstrasse 14,
Leipzig C 1,
Germany
3, Librairie C. Klincksieck
11 Rue-de-Lille
Paris 7E
France,
4. The Bhashakosha Office
P, 0, Chandnichauk,
Cuttack,
Orissa, India,
5. The Students* Store
Berhampore, Dt, Ganjam.
6, The Pathasala Press,
Bankipore, Patna.
Price Rs 18« per volume and Rs. 80/- for a
Complete set of 6 Volumes.
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The fourth volume of the
PURNNACHANDRA
ORD1A BHASHAKOSHA
Is dedicated with kind permission to
Sahitya Samrat Raja Sri Sri Sri Vikrama Deva Varma,
Raja Saheb, Jeypore Estate, District Vtzag,
WfioisYigfiflybofied" upon as ffie ^iGraroadifya of ^IfGal, wfiose 6urning patriotism
fias impelled fiim Co cfcuotc fiimself fo lifelong service in f fie cause of ffie Oria
nafion wltB a rare tenaeif y of purpose, u:fio fias, daring ffie last 40 years,
identified fiimself voit fi ffie movement for ffie unification of ffie Oria—
speaking f raefs, u£ose eaffiolie irunifieenee in ffie cause of education
and for ffie all round progress of ffie Oriya nation fias made fiim
ffie pride and glory of fen millions of Oriyas, u?fie
is fiimsel^Xgreaf poef and auffior ot renown
and wfio has Seen a sf aunefi and aef iue
supporter of ffiis lexieon,
■£*
•i*
CUTTACK
June, 1934
In grateful regard
by
his humble admirer
THE COMPILER.
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Introduction
to the 4th volume of tjie
PURNNACHANDRA ORD1A BHASHAKOSH A
The reason of delay in bringing out this volume.
Through the Grace of God, I am now able to
"place the fourth volume of the Oria lexicon in the
bands of the public. Though it had been contem-
plated,while bringing out the third volume, that the
fourth volume would bring the word -collection to
t he end of the letter Q> (Pha) and would be out by
March 1934, this volume could not proceed further
than the letter a (pa), and its publication was
delayed by about 3 months. Each of the previous
volumes had covered 1200 pages on the average,
but the 4th volume has covered 1600 pages in
finishing the letter €3 (pa). So the additional pages
have taken a longer time to print. Moreover, I
was beset with serious financial difliculties. The
unhampered progress of the work depends on the
liberality of patrons of learning. When generous
personages of means were approached for help, some
of them made generous promises and were prompt to
redeem them. Some others promised definite sums
hs donations and some raised high hopes in my mind
that they would contribute quite liberally, but
when the time for fulfilment arrived they turned
deaf ears to my repeated entreaties of distress, so
much so, that after making part payments some of
them refused to redeem their promise in full. So
there was ro other means, of pushing on the
publication, left to me than to approach creditors,
who, in this time of financial stringency, are very
shy to advance loans. The ungracious and
unbecoming failure of some eminent personages to
redeem their promises and to fulfil the hopes
raised by them has been one of the principal reasons
for the delay in bringing out this volume.
The contents o! the 4th volume.
The first volume dealt fc with 13 vowels, the
2nd with 6 consonants, the 3rd with 12 and this
volume with 4 consonants, thus bringing the word-
collection to the end of the 35th letter. There
still remain 12 more letters which are estimated to
occupy 2 more volumes.
The space-saving devices.
The space-saving devices followed in the
3rd volume have been rigorously followed in this
volume. Moreover, the explanatory head-lines,
which had appeared at the top of every page in the
previous volumes have been discontinued in the
volume, except at intervals of 100 pages and iu
pages where new letters have begun. This has saved
considerable spetGerto be utilized for the dictionary
matter M Suggestion has - been made to save
space by discontinuing the printing of the different
meanings of words, one below the other, and
by printing the successive meanings in continuous
lines. Though I have disregarded the suggestion
till now, i fear that in consideration of the financial
deadlock by which the poblioation is confronted^
I shall have to follow it in the subsequent
volumes.
The number of words in this volume.
The number words in the 1st three volumes
are 62000. The 4th volume contains 34000 words.
Thus, the 4 volumes contain 96000 words up to the
end of the letter Q (pa).
Books of reference .
Besides the books of reference used in the
previous volnmes, a few more books have bsen
used in this volume and their names have been
incorporated in the bibliography attached to
this volume,
i
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( ii )
Incompleteness of the vocabulary in
this compilation.
A living and spoken language which is daily
coining and assimilating dozens of new words
from Sanskrit and foreign and sister languages
with the advance of civilisation, learning and
culture, can not have a dictionary which can claim
to be exhaustive, Moreover, I have already, in
the previous volumes, stated that thousands o£ dia-
lectical, technical, classical and colloquial words
have not found place in the lexicon. Still, when
any new word is coming to my notice I am having
it incorporated in the manuscript, if the printing
as not progressed so far, and in the case of words
beginning with the letters already published I am
noting them in a se parate book with a view to
bring out a supplement. I am neither a specialist
in any branch of learning nor do 1 claim my work
to be an exhaustive and authoritative book of
reference on any particular subject. I have given
the Oriya and English meanings of words and,
whenever possible, I have added notes aud allusions
in the case of words which seemed interesting to me.
I am not infallible, nor are my sources of reference.
It is not to be wondered if mistakes have crept in
at places, To gentlemen who have pointed out my
mistakes and to those who will do so in future I
shall ever remain grateful. I shall try my best to
correct the mistakes. For instance, when my at-
tention was drawn by the D. P. I„ B & to a
mistake -in the meaning of the word SJ®|°£|
( Akshamsa—latitude ) in the 1st volume, I got it
corrected with the kind help of Professor H. K
Das, M. A., of the Ravenshaw College, Cuttack,
while dealing with its correlated word Q|Sto|
(Draghima— longitude) at page 3931 of this volume.
My valued colleagues and assistants.
Of the colleagues whose services have been
acknowledged in the 3rd volume, I most keenly miss
Hon'ble C. L. Philip. M, A., 0. I. E., I. C. 8
sometime Commissioner of the Orjssa Division
whose valuable collaboration I have lost by his
transfer. The gap made by his absence has not
been and can not be filled up.
1
My e*bar : yolleague?, vi Sreematee Peetam -
baree Debee, Sreejukta Viswanath Kar, Pandit
Kulamani Das Kabyatirtha, Babu Krushna Chandra
Misra M. A., B. L., Babu Satindranarayan Ray
M, A., B L t Pandit Ramchahdra Rath Samant
Pandit Narsing Mahapatra Samant, Babu Bhubane-
swar Misra, Babu Golokachandra Pradhan and
Babu Padmacharan Das, have worked in their
respective capacities in this volume, as before.
I am fortunate in securing the services of two energe-
tic gentlemen who have supplied me with almost all
the Hindi synonyms appearing in this volume.
They are Babu Rameawar Jha of Darbhanga,
Headmaster and Babu Truptinarayan Thakur of
Mozaffurpur, Head Pandit of the Fawcus Yaisya
Yidyalaya M. E. School started by the Marwari
brethren at Cuttack. Their labours have been
labours of love, and to them mj sincere thanks are
due. Sj, H. C. Baral B. Sc, I, S. R. S. Assistant
Traffic Superintendent, G. I. P. Rail-way, a talented
Oriya writer of versatile parts, has found time,
amidst his onerous duties in the far off Bombay
Presidency, to supply me with hundreds of
dialectical words peculiar to Balasore. Dr. Radha-
charan Panda L. M. P. has been supplying words
peculiar to Ganjam and Yizag districts. Sreematee
Aparna Devee, poetess of Puri, has been supplying
me with hundreds of dialectical words of Puri.
Babu Bamdeb Misra B. A., the Dewan of Athmallik
State, who is more than a brother to me, has been
an indefatigable supporter of this undertaking.
He has continued to supply words peculiar to the
Orissa States and to secure subscribers. Babu
A. B, Dey M. A., B. *L., Asst. Superintendent
Bamra State, has not only been supplying
dialectical words but securing patrons and subs-
cribers. Babu Batakrushna Mahanty B A., Dewan
Baudh State has , been a sincere supporter of the
work. To all these colleagues and workers I
tender my sincere thanks.
My well-wishers.
Pandit Sree Ramchandra Misra Sastri, whose
birth place is village Mahillo, P. S. Jagatsingpur
in the district of Cuttack and who has taken •*>
asceticism and has dedicated his life to the study
of Hindu philosophy, theology, philology and astro-
o
The indefatigable supporters of this undertaking from its
< 9£Q flli^G G^lirSiercW!
The Hon'ble J. A- Hubback Etq. C. 5 I'. I, C. 5.
Sometime Commi**i*»ner at the Oritim Divi*ion.
' «
C. L. Philip Esq, C. I„ E , I, C. 5 +
Sarnrtimr Cn-mmnfJDllCT *}• t«e OrJAAn DiVJiiOn.
3$$IQ $«%$* QflgGQ f
G E. Fawcus Esq, C. 1. E„ I E. S
Director of t*ubl»c Instruction, Sihnr and Orii**.
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logy and who by bis deep erudition and spirituality
commands the devotion of thousands of disciples
from one end of India to the other, has graciously '
expressed his high appreciation of my {humble
labours and pronounced hi a benediction on the
undertaking. He has been bringing the work to the
notice of distinguished personages of Bengal,
Bihar and other province s and has been prayingTto
the Almighty for the completion of its publication.
Sree Biswanath Baba Abadhut Sannyasi.of
the H^ahimadharma persuation who is a person of
great learning and piety and has compiled a very
valuable work on the tenets of the Mahimadharma
religion peculiar to Orissa, and owning many lakhs
of devotees in its fold, has been invoking the Grac9
of the Almighty Alekha Brahma ( God ) for th e
completion of the publication . He has also supplied
me with many words peculiar to the Mahima sect.
Sj, Ramananda Chatterji M. A-, Editor of
Modern Review of Calcutta, very kindly paid a
visit to the Bhashakosha Office during his visit to
Cuttack on the Rammohan Centenary celebration.
He has published very appreciative and flattering
reviews of the first three volumes in the last April
and May issues of his magazine.
Sj. Niranjan Neogi M. A., Professor
Ravenshaw College, Cuttack, who had examined the
3 volumes, has, in the course of public lectures at
Cuttack and Patna, expressed his keen and sincere
appreciation of my humble labours.
Dr. R. P. Paranjape, Vice-Chancellor of the
Lucknow University* paid a visit to the v manus-
cripts and expressed his high "appreciation of the
work.
A. R. Toplis Esq. L C. S., Commissioner of
the Orissa Division, has very kindly gone through
this introduction and made valuable^suggestions for
which I am thankful to him.
A* P. Mukharji Esq, I, C. S. District and
Sessions Judge Cuttack paid a kind visit to the
t Bhashakosha Office with Mrs, Mukharji, and they
both encouraged the compiler and his colleagues
with their appreciation and admiration.
Sj. S. B. Rath, Editor of theOriya daily Asha,
Berhampore^ District Ganjam, Sj. Radhanath Rath
editor of the Oriya ,daily Samaj, Cuttack,Rai Saheb
BimatarCharan Chowdhury and Babu N. C. Sathia .
B.A., organisers 6f the Oriya magazine,Rasachakra,
have laid me under a great obligation by alluding
to my humble labours ( and invoking public
sympathy on it.
Rai Bahadur Lakshmidhar Mahanti B. L.
M. L. C, Advocate, Deputy President B. & O.
Council, has been a sincere supporter of the under-
taking since its inception, and his interest in its
progress continues unabated.
My revered preceptor, the late Mr. M. S, Das
C I. E., to whom I owe a great debt of gratitude,
is no more in the land of the living to encourage
and guide me, I cherish a living faith that he has
been blessing the work from heaven and pleading
for its completion before the Heavenly Father.
My illustrious patrons.
E. C. Gibson Esq. C. I. E„ I« C. S<, Agent to
the Governor General Eastern States Agency (now
on leave), has expresesd his appreciation of the
work and extended his patronage by officially sub-
scribing for a complete set and by according
me permission to constitute him the patron of the
work and reproduce his photo in the frontispiece to
this. volume. I am grateful to him for his sincere
appreciation and solicitude for the completion of the
publication.
Sahitya Samrat Raja Yikram Dev Varma, Raja
Saheb Jeypore Estate, Yizag, whose name has
become a household word throughout Utkal and
who is universally respected and loved for his
matchless liberality, erudition, authorship and
national service, has been a staunch and indefatig-
able prop of this undertaking for the last 15 years r
His intimate connection with this work has been
repeatedly and gratefully acknowledged in the pre-
vious volumes, When, after the completion of the
draft manuscripts, a printed appeal for help was
circulated to the Maharajas, Rajas and noblemen
of Utkal, and before he had adorned theguddee of
Jeypore, he very gladly joined in the appeal as
\
NMk4£*fcfc£j$ A:
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5t-3t4J:-S^S- r S^S;4fcr-^-C^: £^£r#:4i:3fc3fc 4fc4jj
The Compiler and prominent assistants of the work;*
The Compiler
Sreemati Pitamhari Debi
Padmacharan Das
£= eisqssi qui
Pandit Kulamani Das
Ramchandra Rath
31 qaag Q2i
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( w )
prominent signatory. His photo was appended to
the first volume* By according me kind permission
to dedicate this volume to him he has enablsd me to
Ciiseharge, in part, a debt of lasting friendship and
deep affection spread over the last 30 years. It is
no exaggeration tp say that so long as he is there in
fche guddee of the premier Oriya Estate to patronise
literature, art and culture, this national monument,
dedicated to the Goddess of Learning, will not be
left without the coping stone being set to complete
t, May Mother Utkal be glorified with his
Raja sr ee (royal effulgence).
Mr. G-. E. Fawcus M. A., C. L E„ I, E, S.
Director of Public Instruction Bihar and Orissa,
has been the helmsman of the undertaking since its
inception* With him at the wheel the Bhashakosha
has weathered many a storm and fog. His great
appreciation of the manuscripts strengthened the
hands ot the Honble Mr. J, A, Hubback to recom-
mend to the Government of B & O to contribute
substantially to the publication, revision and subs-
cription of the work. It was he who succeeded in
prevailing upon the Patna University to make a
generous grant. His advice and help enabled the
work to secure publicity in Europe. He has still
kept a vigilant watch over the progress of the
publication.
I deem it a pious duty to allude to the sincere
support and patronage which this work and its
humble compiler have secured from the Hon'ble
Mr. J. A. Hubback M. A., C, S, I„ I. C. S. some-
time Commissioner of the Orissa Division, now
member of the Board of Revenue B & 0, on leave.
To him the first volume was dedicated -m an humble
token of the author's gratitude for what he has
dona to give the publication a good start by
strongly recommending for a princely ^Government
grant. During his visit to Cuttack, some months
ago, as Chairman of the New Orissa Province
Enquiry Committee he evinced great anxiety to help
me in completing the publication. The debt I owe
him is beyond any hope of redemption.
The Hon'ble Mr. 0. L. Philip M, A., C. L E. F
I. C. S, sometime Commissioner of the Orissa
Division and now member of She Board of Revenue
B & O, had been of immense help to me in correc-
ting the proof- sheets of the 2nd and 3rd volumes.
Though he is no longer amongst us, he has
testified in no uncertain terms to his solicitude for
the completion of the publication. Love for the
Oriya nation has become ingrained in his nature.
Raja Narayan Prasad Deb, Ruling Chief, Baudh
State, Orissa, was constituted patron for the 3rd
volume, and the same was dedicated to him in ack-
nowledgement of his liberal donation, but for which
it would have been impossible to bring it out. He
has still a kind and watchful eye on the progress of.
the publication.
Raja Kishor Chandra Deb, Ruling Chief,
Athmallik State,Orissa, has been prompt in relieving
me whenever there has been financial strain in the
course of: the publication of the successive volumes.
I have never approached him in times of dire
necessity without getting a noble and spontaneous
response. Whenever he meets any person from
Cuttack, his first eager enquiry is about the
progress of the publication of the Bhashakosha.
The words of encouragement and assurance he gave
me two years ago are still ringing in my ears.
Even when he was confined to bed in the Cuttack
General Hospital after a serious gun accident last
month he used to enquire of the progress of
%e publication from persons who called on him
there #
Raja Radhanath Bebarta Patnaik who now
graces the guddee of the Athgarh State, Orissa, as
jts Ruling Chief, has been as solicitous as before
about the progress of the publication of the labours
of his gifted father's humble friend.
It is hoped that the enlightened Ruler of the
Mayurbhanj State ,Orissa, MaharajaTratap Chandra
Bhanj Deo, whose generous response to my appear
for help made me connect the name of his lat e
lamented brother, Maharaja Purnna Chandra, to-
the title of this lexicon, will continue his patronage
of the work, and that the Maharaja himself and the
spirit of the late Maharaja, from above, will not let
this national monument remain incomplete.
Maharaja Braja Mohan Deb^ the Maharaja
of Kalahandi State, Orissa,who was the 1st person
(
)
to help me with a substantial sum to meet the
charges for the revision of the manuscripts before
the world knew anything of my labour e, and who
is the biggest advance subscriber to this work, the
Raja Saheb of Parlakhemidi^ the Raja Bahadur ojt,
Dharakote, the Raja Saheb of Khallikata and
Athagada, in the district of Ganjam, do still bestow
upon the undertaking a kind thought and good
wishes.
Number of copies sold and presented,
*
Up to date 350 sets of the work have been
subscribed for and 50 sets have been presented
to distinguished patrons, well-wishers, assistants
and prospective supporters. I have been receiving
advance orders from Europe as before.
Bestowal of honour on the compiler.
His Most Gracious Majesty's Kaiser- I-Hind
silver medal, referred to in the 3rd volume, was
presented to me at a Durbar convened by His Ex-
cellency, the Governor of Bihar and' Orissa, at
Ranchi on 16-9-1933.
On 15-5-1934 the 2nd sitting of the All
Orissa Poets' Conference was held at Berhampore,
District Ganjam, under the presidency of Eaja
Madan Mohan Singh Deb Bahadur of Dharakote
and was attended by Raja Ramchandra Mardaraj
Deb of Khallikota and Athagada, Eaja Purnna
Chandra Harichandan Deb of Surangi and Raja
Radhamohan Rajendra Deb, the retired Raja of
Chikiti, District Ganjam. It was attended also by
several hundreds distinguished Zamindars,
advocates, pleaders, merchants, authors, poets^
artists, dramatists and lovers of literature and
art and students from all parts of Orissa and
specially Ganjam. The Conference presented to
me an address couched in nattering terms and
. alluding to my humble labours in connection with
the lexicon. The next day the Conference passed a
resolution recording the sympathy of the people
and of -the Rajas and noblemen of Utkal with the
undertaking and wishing its publication a speedy
. completion. This has convinced me beyond a sha-
/dow of a doubt that my countrymen have appre-
ciated my labours and are anxious to see the work
published without delay.
financial outlook, receipts and requirement*.
Each of the 6 volumes is costing
Rs 1200C/- for printing and Mb 3000/- for revision
ftBiU4|i§^opying. Thus, the whole work of 6 #
volumes is estimated to cost Rs. 90000/-.
Towards the required cost of publication
Rs 41800/- has been secured in cash and promises
including the sums paid by the Government and by
the Patna University and Rs. 7200/- has been
contributed towards the cost of revision. A sum
of Rs. 8000/- has been raised in the shape of
advance subscriptions and a sum of Rs, 10000/-
has been borrowed. Thus, up to date, provision has
been made to the tune of Rs. 67000/-, and a sum of
Rs. 23000/- is still to be provided for before the
last volume is out. For- this I depend upon the
generosity of a few of the patrons of learning of
whom mother Utkal is justly proud.
The present and future price of the work.
Before the printing of the manuscripts had
been undertaken it had been estimated, in consulta-
tion with 3 specialists, that the whole work would
occupy 3600 pages, bound in 2 volumes, and the
advance subscription was fixed at Rs. 30/ per set.
As the printing of the successive volumes has
progressed, it has now been found that the complete
work will occupy 8000 pages, bound in 6 volumes.
So, in consideration of th&xise in the publication
charge, the price has been gradually enhanced. It
is- now fixed at Rs. SO/- per set of 6 volumes, and
the cash price o£ each volume is fixed at Rs. 18/- for
the present. When the cost priceof the 6 volumes is
taken into consideration, each set costs Rs. 90/-, and
after keeping a small margin for the book-seller
and the compiler, the cash price of the 6 volumes,
when published, will never be below Rs. 100/- It
may be stated here that no further sum is charged
on advance subscribers who enrolled themselves
as such by paying in full the advertised advance
price for the complete work at the time when th e
offer was'open for the lesser amount.
The expected time-limits for the publication
of the succeeding volumes.
Unless there is insuperable financial or any
other difficulty, the 5th and 6th volumes will be
£4l
. . & $1 3- <£ S?4£$t& &.4fc-$=3££- 4^-S-^ *£# 4£^^4>.'^C--&^-' ■& & C-'^-S: 5; ^' 3= 3= ^ S=* £
:£^S» 5-fr$: £.-$?
The workers in the publication
Krishna Chandra Misra MA BL.
Samant Narsingha Mahapalra
»
Satindranarayrtn Ray MA., BX.
Bhubaneswar Misra
Goloka Chandra Pradhan
U. S. Pre$s ( Cut tack,
* *
*
( Tl )
published at intervals of 10 months each; and it is
hoped that the publication will have been complet-
ed by the end of the year 1935.
The compiler's fond dream of connecting this
work with the sacred name of His Most Gracious
Majesty, the King Emperor of India, has had to be
given up, as some of the distinguished patrons are
of opinion that the previous volumes having been
connected as patrons and dedicatees, with the
names of personages, occupying lesser position than
His Majesty, it would not look well to dedicate
the last volume to His Most August Majesty.
Conclusion.
Many friends have expressed disappointment
that- the high price of this work makes the pur-
chase of it beyond the reach of men of moderate
means- To console them I beg to state that it is
in contemplation to bring out cheaper editions
extracted and compiled from this work ^( e, g.
Popular edition, Student's edition, Pocket edition,
Mythological dictionary ; Ayurvedic dictionary),,
after the publication of the last volume. These
cheaper editions will be within the means of all.
No attempt has yet been made to bring out the
cheaper editions, as attention diverted thereby
from the main work may result in delay in
its early completion. If any publisher is desirous
of publishing any cheaper edition by extract-
ing from this work, I shall be ready to consider
such proposal from a business point of view.
•
Lastly it is hoped that the Grace of the
Almighty Father in Heaven, which has brought^
the publication of the Oriya Lexicon and the
proposal of the formation of the Oripsa Province to
the present stages, will bring both to completion
side by side, and that the Oria language and the
Oria nation will occupy their legitimate places of
honour in the eyes of the civilised world. May
God's Will be done.
CUTTAOK. .1
June, 1934. >
Gopal Chandra Praharaj,
-r
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Ai Bahadur Lakshmidhar Mahanty ;
B, L,, M. L. C.i Advocate.
Babu Bamdeb Misra" B. A,
D v wan, Athmeitik Stale, Ortsm.
Babu Batukrushnu Mahanty B, A
Uewan, Baudh 5 titer, Orison.
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Babu Amarcndra BalUbh Dey
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See ss Please refer to the preceding word,
Algebra
Arithmetic
Astrology
Astronomy
Botany
Geography
Geometry
Logic
Mathematics
Medicine
Philosophy
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=Techaical words used in
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PURNNACHANDRA
Suiahat, Cuttask-L
ORDIA BHASHAKOSHA.
( A lexicon of the Oriya language )
Volume— V (Consonants, Pha— Ma)
Compiler— G. C. Praharaj
(Kaiser-I-HInd)
Advocate, Patna High Court, Cuttack, B- N. /?., Ortssa (India).
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Colleague— Srimati Pitambari Oebi, •
with the help of a body of ass istant*.
Printed end published by M, Kai-j
THE UTKAL SAH1TYA PRESS
CUTTACK,
1936
Advance subscription
for a complete set of 7 volumes— Rs. 115/-,.
Cash price for each volume separately — Rs. 20/8
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The Hon'ble Sir Courtney Terrell, Kt. Chief Justice, Patna High Court.
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P, 0. Chandnicbank,
Cttttack,
(Orissa, India).
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Rs. 20-8 for etch volume pure
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The illustrious PATRON of this volume
and a staunch supporter of the lexicon from the start.
Sahityasamrat Maharaja Sri Vikram Dev Yarma, D. Litt,
Maharaja, Jtypore t Vizag.
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Taken in adoption by the Maharaja on 3-6-1935,
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PURNNACHANDRA
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is dedicated, with kind permission, to
Captain, Maharaja
Sri Sri Sri Krushna Chandra Gajapati Narayan Deo : M.L C
Maharaja of Paralakimedi, District Ganjam,
Wfio is a wjorefiy seion of £ fie adored Gajapafi race arxf justly regarded 6y 15 millions of
Oriyas as tfie Rafter of toe <Pieu; Orissa <?rouinec, wSosc 6earf is ffie reeeptaelc
of all toe manly uirtues wBiefi go to tfie mafiing of a ruler of men, wnbse
6urning patriotism fias impelled fiim fo roaUe staggering saerifiees fortfie
'flat ion, wfiose munifieenee for 4.6c eause of education ancf for €6e
development of Oriya literature and Oriya language fias earriecf
fiis name far 6eyoixf fne confines of ^fial, tfie milfi of
fiuroan fundness in tufiose feart for Bis people fias made
6im a unique figure among tfie rulers of £it£al
. and tnrougfi u)6ose Ii6erali6y f he eoping
stone is set .4,^ this national temple
of learning^c'^^rnnaehandra
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CtfYTACK
March, 1936
in grateful regard
by
his humble admirer,
THE COMPILER.
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Introduction to the Fifth Volume
OP THE
PURNNACHANDRA ORDIA BHASHAKOSHA
The^teason of delay in bringing out this volume.
• Through the Grace of the Almighty Father and the
blessings of my well- wishers, I am now able to place
the fifth volume of the Orfya lexicon in the hands of
the public.
Though it had been con templated, while bringing
out the fourth volume in June 1934, that the eatire
work would be completed in 2 more volumes, the 5th
and the 6tb» to be published at intervals of 10 months
from each other, the fifth volume itself has been delay-
ed by 11 months more than the estimated time, and
out of the 12 remaining letters, 4 letters only— <r (pha),
9 (ba), q (bha) and a, (tna), could be contained in this
volume by lengthening it to even 1600 pages. There
still remain 8 more letters of the alphabet to be dealt
with. Had the fifth volume progressed to the letter
q (la), it would have been possible to deal with the
last 5 letters of the alphabet in the 6th and the last
volume. But, as the fifth volume could not be pushed
further than' fl (ma), the remaining 8 letters will
require two more volumes, the 6th and the 7 th.
After the publication of the 4th volume a great
calamity overtook us by the unexpected death of its
publisher, Sree Yisvanath Kar, in October 1934.
His death disorganised the working of the press, and
it took some months to reorganise the printing of this
volume.
Each volume has , been costing, on the average,
Rs. 16000/- (sixteen thousand rupees; for revision and
fair-copying of the manuscripts for the press, paper,
printing, proof-rea ding, preparation and printing of
the half-tone blocks and binding.
The patron of this volume, gahitya Samrat
Maharaja Vikram Dev Varma, 0. Utt, of Jeypore,
Vizag, to whom the 4th volume was dedicated, made
a donation of Rs. 10,000/- which enabled me to begin
the printing of this volume. When the printing
advanced to about two-thirds, it was found out that
this volume had to be pushed on to 1600 pages
(instead of 1200 pages, as had' been the case with
the first three volumes) to complete the letter q (ma),
This increase of size necessitated a further expendi-
ture. So, the progress of printing had to be put in
abeyance, pending further receipt of help. The finan-
cial difficulty was brought to the notice of Captain
Maharaja Sree Krushna Chandra Gajapati Narayan
Dev of Parlakimedi, through his Dewan Sreejut L.
Patnaik, B. L. t M. B. B. The Maharaja Saheb paid a
visit to the Bhashakosha office on 17-11-35 and made
a donation of Rs. 5000/- which eaabled me to push on
the printing ,
The balance of the incidental charges were met by
donations received frotn the following gentlemen :—
The Raja Saheb and Ruling Chief of Athmallik
State Rs. 500 (in addition to his previous donation of
Rs, 1500),
M, Rahim Khan, merchant, Cuttack, Rs. 200/-,
Raja Saheb of Dharakota, Rs. 100/-
Lal Sibnarayan Deb of Kharial Rs. 100/-
Raja Saheb and Ruling Chief of Khandapara,
State, Rs. 40/-
Rai Saheb Nrusinga Charan Chowdhury of
Jajpur, Rs. 100/-
S. N. Suthoo Esq. Proprietor, Darpan Estate,.
Cuttack, Rs. 25/- and
Kumar Gokul Chandra. Laha 3 Proprietor, flaris-
pur Estate, Cuttack, JRs* 25/-
The last 3 donations were made in response to
personal appeals'made by Mr. B. C. Mukherjee, I.C.S.
late District Officer, Cuttack, who evinced a keen-
interest in the progress of the work and made per-
sonal appeals to some prospective donors of the
districts of Cuttack and Balasore. The personal interest
taken by this Indian District Officer in this national
concern is a matter of supreme satisfaction to us all.
The Contents of this volume.
The 1st volume dealt with the vowels, 13 in
number. The second volume dealt with six conso.
nants, the third with twelve, the fourth with 4 and
this volume with 4 more consonants. So, the five
volumes tiave dealt with 39 letters of the alphabet.
There remain still 8 more letters, of which the letter q
(sa) alone will occupy the major part of one volume.
So, it is apparent that two more volumes, the 6th
and the 7 th, will bring the work to completion.
\
( ii )
Thus, it will be seen that the entire work will occupy
7 volumes, instead of two, as had been at first
estimated by experts before the printing began.
The space-saving devices.
The space-saving devices followed in the 3rd and
4th volumes have been rigorously adhered to. The
explanatory head-lines appearing at -the top of every
page in the first three volumes have been given at the
beginning and at the end and at very rare intervals
in this volume. The suggestion made in the 4th
volume to save space, viz, the printing of the
different meanings and quotations under every word
in continuous lines, has been given effect to in this
volume. By these devices it is calculated that the
space of 300 pages has been saved for the dictionary
matter.
The number or words in this volume.
The number of words and phrases in the 1st four
volumes is 96,000. This volume contains 39,000
words and phrases, thus bringing the word collection
to ]3%000 in these 5 volumes. It is hoped that the
remaining S letters will bring the total word-collec-
tion to 200,000 (two hundred thousands), in' compari-
son with the number of Hindi words (93,000)
collected by the Hindi Sabda Sagar s lexicon, in 8
volumes, published by the Nagari Pracharini Sabha
of Benares and 75,000 words collected in Jnanendra
Mohan's Bengalee dictionary.
Books of Reference.
Besides the books of reference used in the previous
volumes, the two following works have been used —
1/ Scientific Terminology or Baijnanik Pari-
bhasha, in English-Bengalee by Bangiya Bijnana
Parishad and published by the Calcutta Engineering
College, which book was kindly presented to me
by the publishers ,
2. The handy Bengalee dictionary 'Chalantika' by
Sreejut Rajsekhar Basu.
The names of the two books are incorporated in
the bibliography prefixed to this volume.
The articles on 4 Mahima Gosain' and 'Mahima
Dharma* in this volume have been contributed by
Abadhuta Biswanath Baba. Maharaj Vikram Dev
Varma, D. Litt, Babu Jagabandhu Sinha, Dr. Radha
Cham Panda L. M. P., t'andit Baikoli Mahapatra
Joyotistatwabinode, Patayet Balabhadra Dhir, Babu
Manmohan Ghosh, Babu Lakshmi Narayan Sahu
M. A, Professor Bepin Binary Roy and some other
friends have agreed to contribute special articles for
the coming volumes.
Incompleteness of the vocabulary and
the defects in this compilation.
No one is more conscious than myself of the
incompleteness of the word -collection, as many
thousands of dialectical, scientific, technical, classical,
colloquial, mythological, professional and other
words could rpt be brought within this collection for
reasons stated in the previous volumes. Whenever I
am coming across a new word beginning with a letter
not yet dealt with, I am incorporating it in my
manuscript. In the case of words beginning with
letters already published, I am noting them in a
separate book, to be incorporated in the contemplated
Supplement to this lexicon.
As for many other defects in this compilation, my
only consolation is that no human work is free from
error. To friends who have been and will be pointing
out mistakes and defects I shall always remain
grateful. Whenever possible, 1 shall correct the
mistakes pointed out to me if I am convinced that
the mistakes are real and the suggested corrections
justified.
My colleagues and assistants.
I have suffered a grievous loss by the death of
Sree Viswanath Kar ( my publisher. My valued
coll e ague i Pandit Rama Chandra Rath Samant t who
had worked with me with rare devotion in the revi-
sion and fair-copying of the manuscripts for 5 years,
met an early death in January 1935. This was
another great loss to me.
Though the Hon'ble C. L. Philip Esq. C. E. I., I.C.
S., Member, Board of Revenue, Bihar and Orissa, who
had been a very valuable colleague in the publication
of the earlier volumes, is no longer with us, he has
been watching the progress of the work with keen
personal interest.
My other co!leagues,Viz. Srimati Pitambari Devi 3
Pandit Kulamoni Das Kabyatirtha, Babu Krushna
Chandra Misra, M. A., B. L., Pandit Narasingha
Mahapatra Samant, Babu Bhubaneswar Misra and
Babu Golok Chandra Pradhan, have worked in their
respective capacities as before. Srijut Satindra-
narayan Ray, M. A. B. L., has been furnishing me with
Bengalee synonyms. To the services of Babu Rame-
swar Jha of Beheta, Dt. Darbhanga, Headmaster,
Fawcus Vaiaya Bidyalaya, Cuttack, and Pandit
TruptanarayanThakur of Janardanpur,Dt. Bhagalpur,
Head Pandit, the assistance of Pandit Sures Chandra
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Jha of Beheta, Assistant Teacber of the above insti-
tution, has been added in supplying Hindi synonyms.
1 have, in the meantime, secured the services of
my talented and versatile young friend, Sreeman
Bichhanda Charan Patnaik B„, A. (Hons)ylate Secret-
ary Prachi Samity, late Editor of the Pracfai
Magazine and of the Vaitarini, Pandit Krusbna
Cbandra Kar V. M. and Pandit Bhagaban Pati V. M.
t two well known Oriya writers, have joined my staff.
Babu Kulamani Kar, Manager CJ. S. Press, has
been reading through the proof-sheets in the place of
Babu Padmacharan Das, who left Cuttack.
Babu Krushna Chandra Sen Gupta, M. A., B.Ed.
Headmaster, Ctittack Traioiag School, has been
rendering me occasional help in the revision of the
manuscripts.
Babu Dinabandhu Rath of At hgarh State has
been of great help to me in finding out quotations
from books of reference.
My serious apprehension that on the death of
Sreejut V. Kar ( the smooth passage of the work
through the press would be handicapped , has been
belied by the promptness and devotion of his son,
Sreeman Mahananda Kar, now Editor of the Utkal
Sahitya Magazine, who has spared no pains to uphold
the high reputation of the Press.
I have been kept supplied with dialectic*!,
technical and colloquial words by Mr. H. C. Baral,
P* Sc., I. S. R. S. Assistant Traffic Superintendent, G„
I. P. Ry, Bombay, Dr. R. C. Panda L. M. P, Sreemati
Aparnna Debi, poetess of Puri, Babu Bamadeb Misra,
B. A., Dewan, Athmallik State, Mr. A. B. Dey, M. A„
B. L., State Judge. Batnra State, Babu Achyutananda
Purohitj Government pleader Sambalpnr, Babu
Bioayak Das U. B. P., Teacher Bonai State, Kabi.
chandra Kali Charan Pat nay a k of Banki, Pandit
Baikoli Mohapatra, Astrologer, of Khali ikote ? L^l
Sibnarayan Singh Deo of Khariar, Raja Durga
Madhab Prasad Singh Deb of Rampnr Kalahandi
State, Babu Jagabandhu Sinha of Puri and Babu
Dinabandhu Rath of Athgarh State. Some of these
friends have also been trying to enlist subscribers and
financial helpers for the publication.
My^ illustrious patrons and benefactors.
To the Hon'ble Mr, J. A. Hubback, M. A. t C. S. I.,
I. c . S„ the Governor designate of the Orissa
Province, the work owes Government patronage.
His services have been gratefully acknowledged in
the previous volumes. The first volume has been,with
his kind permission, dedicated to him. For the last
7 years he has always had a pa rental solicitude for
the completion of the work.
Sahitya Samrat, Utkal Bikramaditya, Maharaj
Sri Sri Sri Vikram Dev Varum, D. Litt., of Jeypore
Yizag, has been connected with this work since its
inception, and his services have been gratefully
acknowledged in the previous volumes. The fourth
volume has been dedicated to him. He has agreed to
be constituted the Patron of this volume. For the
last 33 years the compiler has been connected with
him by ties of intimate personal friendship and colla-
boration in the^fields of politics and literature. As a
momentous of the Maharaja's taking in adoption his
daughter's son, Maharajkumar Ramkrushna Dev, the
ceremonies of giving and taking, of Duttahoma and
naming of whom were performed «n 3-6-35 in the
presence of the Agent to the Governor of Madras and
other distinguished guests and the deed of adoption
in whose favour was duly executed and registered by
the Maharaja, the Bhashakosha has got a fresh addi-
tion of Rs. 2000/- to its funds. In memory of this
momentous occasion the Maharaj Kumar's photo has,
with the Maharaja's kind permission, been reproduced
in this volume.
Captain, Maharaja Sri Sri Sri Krushna Chandra
Gajapati Narayan Dev, M. L. C. of Paralakimedi
(Dt. Ganjam), whose name will go down to distant
posterity as the progenitor of the Orissa Province,
and to whose unremitting efforts and noble sacrifice
the Orissa Province owes the inclusion of the Jeypore
and Paraiakemidi areas, made a donation of
Rs. 5000/- (five thousand) which enabled me to pushon
the printing of this volume to completion. In
acknowledgment of his help, this volume has, with
his permission, been dedicated to the Maharaja Saheb.
The Hon'ble Sir Courtney Terrell, St., Chief Justice,
Patna High Court, has been taking a lively interest
in the progress of the work. In the course of the
progress of this volume through the press, His Lord-
ship was pleased to pay visits to the Bhashakosha
office on 9-1-35 and 17-1-36 and to the Utkal Sahitya
Press on 17-1-36. His Lordship has laid me under a
great obligation by permitting His Lordship's photo
to be reproduced in this volume, as an illustrious
patron of the lexicon.
Mr. E.G. Gibson C.I. E., I. C. S f , late Agent to
the Governor General, Eastern States Agency, who
was constituted patron to the fourth volume, has —
continued to take a personal interest in the comple-
tion of the work and has been sending me his good
wishes from Gwaliar. where he is now the Resident.
( i v y
Lt. Coloael A. S. Meek, C. M, G. Agent to the
Governor General, Eastern States Agency, has always
extended kind welcome to the work and its compiler.
I am thankful for his sincere appreciation and good
wishes.
H.E. Sir H.I,. Stephenson, G. C. I. E„ K. C. S. I.,
K. C, I. E., I. C. S., Governor of Burma, was consti-
tuted Patron of the first volume. While Governor of
Bihar and Orissa, His Excellency made a liberal grant
ofRs. 19200/- towards the publication of the work
and the revision of the manuscripts. His Excellency
is still solicitous for the smooth progress and com-
pletion of the work.
His Excellency Sir, J. D. Sifton, K. C, S. J. f K. C. I.
E., I. C. S.j Governor of Bihar and Orissa, was con-
stituted Patron of the 2nd volume. He has always
been very gracious to me. Under His Excellency's
Government the compiler was presented with The
Kaiser-I-Hind medal. I am grateful to His Excellency
for his personal interest in the work,
I am giateful to Maharaja sir Pratap Chandra
Bhanj Deo, Kt., K. C. I. E, Ruler, Mayurbhanj State,
whose initial donation of Rs. 8000/- supplemented the
Government grant and enabled me to go on with the
publication of the 1st and 2nd volumes. I hope that
the Bhashakosha willbe favoured with the Maharaja's
further bounty.
Raja Narayan Prasad Deb, Ruler Baudh State,
Patron and Dedicatee of the 3rd volume, has continued
his personal interest in the completion of the work.
I am thankful to Maharaja Braj Mohan Dev, O.
B. E. Ruler, Kalahandi State, for his donation of
Rs. 1000/-, which enabled me to begin the revision of
the manuscripts 8 years ago. He is the subscriber of
25 sets of the work. I hope the work will be favour-
ed with the Maharaja's further bounty*
Raja Kishore ChandraDev, Ruling Chief, Athmalik
State, has continued his patronage of the work. For
this volume he contributed Rs. 500/- and paid a visit
to the Bhashakosha office on 25-1 0-35.
G. E. Fawcus Esqr, M. A., C. I. E., O. B. E., V. D.,
I. E. S., Director of Public Instruction, B. & O, has
continued his watchful parental solicitude for the
completion of the work. I am fully convinced that
he has always a kind thought for the compiler and
his work. He had a great share in securing me
the patronage of the B & O Government and of the
Patna University. Though shortly he will not be
our D. P. I. his good wishes and benediction will
always be with the work.
E. S. Hoernle Esqr. I, C. S., Commissioner of the
Orissa Division, has been taking a personal interest
in the progress of t be compilation. He has very
kindly gone through this introduction.
H. Dippie Esqr. M. A., D. S, 0„ the Director
designate of Orissa, to whom the work has been well-
known for a pretty long time, was pleased to pay aj
visit to tne Bhashakosha office on 17-12-35 during
his' visit to Cut tack, and was glad at the pro.
gress the work has been making,
Prospective Patrons and Helpers.
Recently I have been fortunate to cultivate
the acquaintance of Maharaja Rajendranarayan Singh
Deo, the enlightened young Ruler, Patna State, whom
I had the privilege of visiting at Balangir on
27-1-36. From what I saw of his administrative
ability, suavity of manners, burning patriotism,
patience, store of information and high idealsj I am
happy that in him we have, amongst us, a Ruler of
the type of the Raj arshis of yore. God granting him
a long life, he will occupy a high place of honour and
distinction amongst his compeers. I found a set of
the Bhashakosha at his elbow near his office-table.
He evinced a keen interest in the progress of the
compilation and made enquires about the financial
outlook of the undertaking. I hope the Maharaja
will be one of my distinguished patrons.
Maharaja Sir Biramitrodaya Singh Deb, Gyana-
gunakar, Dharmanidi, K. C . S. I., M. R. A. S„ Ruler
Sonepur State, a prominent patron of Oriya litera.
ture,
Raja Ram Chandra Dev, the representative of
ancient Gajapati Maharajas of Utkal,
Raja Bhanuganga Tribhubana Dev, Ruler
Bamra State, the scion of a line of rulers of literary
distinction,
Raja Balabhadra Narayan Bhanj Deo, Ruler
Keonjhar State, who has already been one of my
supporters,
Raja Indra Deo, Ruling Chief, Bonai State,
whom I had the privilege of meeting at Bhawank-
patna in April 1935,
Raja Kishore Chandra Deo, £ Ruling Chief,
Daspalla State.
Raja Kishore Chandra Birabar Harichandan
Ruling Chief s Talcher State, a distinguished man of
letters^
Raja Sir Rajendra Narayan Bhanj Deo, O. B, H.
of Kanika, who had blessed the manuscripts with his
appreciation and good wishes,
The Calcutta University,
The Patna University,
Constant supporters of the work
< £tfQ ©0$$ Q£LI$"?lQl
®#^iMHl^*^ £ , ; ^^#^^; : ,
onble C + L Philip Esq., C- !. E., L C
A true friend of Oris si.
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5, SOQ, Q s 3Q, 9. <q. |
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G. E. Fawcus Esq., Ml,, C -IE-, !,
Director of Public Fns-ructjon.
WlCiSpSi SSi^qSQ ©JQGQ9Q
Rai Bah a. dor iaksmidhar Mahanti,
B, L. M. L C,
Advocate,. Cuttack-
creejukla la ksmina ray an Pifnaik
B, L. t M. B. E
Dewan, Parlakimedi !?amasi:hanam.
<3QiST , ei£Qi€«lC§ G^£ I
Dswati Bahadur. S. K. Ma ha pat ra.
Retired jipdt. of Police
wi? $19190 «n tf ^f a^jm
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^ Rai Bahadur Bhuyan Bhaskar Chandra Maha-
patra, Zamindar of Bhadrak, Balasore,
have been approached for help. I hope they will
extend tbeir help and patronage and enable me to
I bring my labour of the last 20 years to a close.
I hope that Raja Artatran Dev, Raja Saheb
Khariar State, Raja Munipal, Ruling Chief, Pallahera
State, and other doners will redeem their promises
of help.
I gratefully acknowledge the receipt of Rs.
400/- ( four hundred rupees ) from the . Zamindar
Saheb of Mahulpatna, Kalahandi State, towards
his promised donation, after the printing of this
volume was finished, the latereceipt of his photo
did not enable me to reproduce it in this volume.
My well-wishers.
I am glad to find that after the late Sir Sayed
Mohammad Fakhr-ud-din, I have secured the active
sympathy and support of Khan Bahadoor Shaikh
Abdul Majid B. A. f of Cuttack, who was one of
the signatories in the printed appsil issued ia 1929.
He has volunteered to bring the work prominently to
the notice of his co-religionists. In the meantime, at
his instance, M. Rahim Khan, merchant of Cuttack,
visited the Bhashakosha office and has become one of
its supporters. M. Rahim Khan has promised a
donation of rupees one thousand and has already made
part payment. *
Lai Sibnarayan Deo, uncle of the Raja Saheb of
Khariar, whom I met at Bhawanipatna (Kalahandi)
in April 1935, has been supplying me with hundreds
of dialectical words. He has secured me promises of
help from the Raja Saheb of Khariar, the Ruling Chief
of Pallahera and the Zamindar Saheb (Raja) of Mahul-
patna. He has been trying to secure the patronage of
the Ruler of Bamra State and of other prominent
personages of his circle. Not being satisfied with this,
he has recently sent me a donation of Rs 100/-.
I have, in the meantime, been privileged to culti-
vate the acquaintance of Prachya Vidya Maharnnaba
Rai Saheb Nagendra Nath Yasu of Calcutta, the
Editor of the Bengalee and Hindi Encyclopedias. He
has helped me by getting the half-tone blocks for this
volume executed by his artist and recommending the
work to the patronage of the Vice Chancellor of the
Calcutta University.
Mr. S. C.Tripathi, 1. E. S., the Principal designate
of the Rairenshaw College, Cuttack, first brought the
work to the kind notice of Maharaja Sir Pratap
Chandra and has been keeping the Maharaja informed
of the progress and financial outlook of the work.
Mr. K.C. Neogi, late M. L. A, Dewan, Mayurbhanj
State, has expressed sincere sympathy for the work.
Professor P. K. Parija, I. E. S., has been watching
the progress of the work and -has been helping me
in various ways
Rai Bahadur Lakshmidhar Mohanty M. L. C,
Advocate, Cuttack, has been as vigilant as before.
Srijukta L. Patnaik, B.L., M.B.E., Dewan, Parala-
kimedi (Ganjam); hid, as Secretary of the Oriya
Sahitya Sangha, helped me to begin the fair-copying
of the manuscripts, and as Dewan of the Estate, laid
my financial outlook before the Maharaja of Parala-
kimedi, the dedicatee of this volume.
Kumar Bidyadhar Singh Deo, B. A., B. L., M. ^.
A. S, of the Raj family of Icha (Chotanagpur) and
son-in-law of Maharaja Vikram Dev # Verma, and O,
Pulla Rcddi Esqr, I. C. S, late Dewan of Joypore
Samasthanam, have been sincere well-wishers of thi&
work.
Professor B. C. MaZumdar M. A., B. L,. of the
Calcutta University, who has done more for the Oriya
literature than any other single individual in and
outside Orissa, has been watching the progress of the
work with keen interest.
Srijukta Sashi Bhusaa Rath, Editor of the New
Orissa and of the Asha, Berhampur, has been adver-
tising the work aal no ticm? the gradual progress of
the work in his papers; - * ■'
Sri Sashi Bhusan' Rai, atUthor and writer, of
Cuttack, who is known and respected throughout the
Oriya-speaking area, has been bringing the work to-
the notice of prominent personages of Utkal.
Dewan Bahadur S. K- Mohapatra, retired Superin-
tendent of Police, has been a well-wisher of the
compilation and the compiler.
Mr. B. Das, M. U A„ A. I. C. I., and his brother
'Swami' B. N. Das, Advocate, have been speaking
highly of "my humble labours before prospective
helpers. .
Rai Bahadur Uma Charau Das, Personal Assis-
tant to the Commissioner, Orissa Division,
Babu Baikuntha Nath Dutta B. L.,the seniormost
Advocate, Cuttack,
Rai Bahadur Jugal Kishor Tripathi, M, A.
Dewan, Keonjhar State,
Babu Batakrushna Mohanty, B. A., late Offg.
Dewan, Baudh State,
Sriman Chintamoni Acharya, M. A., B. L. f Advo*
cate, Government Pleader, Cuttack,
Rai Bahadur Loknath Misra B. L., Advocate,,
Government Pleader, Puri who had help ed the pub-
lication with Rs. 500/-,
(
VI
)
Babu Achyutanand Purohit B. L., Government
Pleader, Sambalpur,
Babu Jagabandhu Si nha Pleader, writer and
author, Puri,
Rai Saheb Nalini Kanta Ghosh, B. A., Duputy
Magistrate and Duputy Collector, Sad a rSubdi visional
Magistrate, Puri,
Babu Satis Chandra Mitra, M. A., Deputy
Magistrate and Deputy Collector, Puri,
Babu Nagendra Nath Dutt, M. A., Deputy
Magistrate and Deputy Collector, Banki,
Kabichandra Kalicharan Patnaik, the famous
musician, singer and playwright of Banki,
Rai Saheb Bhikari Charan Patnaik, Pleader and
the father of ericulture and cottage industries in
Orissa.
Babu Durga Charan Rai, Sadar Subdivisional
Officer, Patna State.
Babu Lakshminarayan Sahu M. A., the indefati-
gable Member of the Servants of India Society,
Babu , Nityananda Sahu, Manager, Arunodaya
Press, Cuttack,
have been my sincere well-wishers. Sreeman
Prabhat Kumar Mukherji M. A of Cuttack
ias been a new acquisition to me as an active helper.
He introduced me to Prachya Vidya Maharnava Sj.
N. N. Vasu and to the authorities of the Bangiya
Sahitya Parishad of Calcutta.
Pandit Akula Misra Kabyatirtha, Manager of the
Cuttack Trading Company, has kindly presented me
with 2 costly fountain pens, one after the other, for
use in connection with the dictionary — work,
Babu Nidbiram Mishra,B.A., Managing Director of
the Orissa Chemical and Pharmaceutical works, has
been supplying the Bhashakosha office with writing
ink for the last year.
All these friends have, each in his way, been
sincerely helping me, by securing patrons, and subs-
cribers. They have not remained satisfied by express-
ing their sincere appreciation of my humble labours
but have demonstrated their sincerity by personally
approaching prospective patrons, securing promises
of help and, in some cases, actually securing financial
help, publicity and subscribers for the work.
Had the lexion not got such a galaxy of .active
supporters, -helpers patrons, benefactors, associates,
assistants and advertisers, it could not have advanced
so far. *0f some of these benefactors I have reproduced
the photos in this and in the previous volumes and
will be doing sq in the Subsequent volumes, in acknow-
ledgment of the disinterested services rendered by
them in one shape or another.
The be* towers of benediction on this work.
His Holiness, Ma ban t Maharaj Gadadhara
Ramanuja Das, Kaiser-I-Hind, of Emar Math, Puri,
besides rendering financial help, has given his blessing
for an early completion of the work.
-'His Holiness, Jagadguru Satchinanda Saraswati
of Sankaraaanda Math, Puri, has visited the Bhasha-
kosha office more than a dozen times, whenever he has
come here, and pronounced his benediction every time
on the yet unpublished manuscripts. In the course of
bis extensive tours through the Oriya-speaking areas
for starting a Brahmacharya Bidyalaya at Bhubane-
swar, he has been invariably < alluding to my humble
labours, invoking God's blessings on the work
and speaking very highly of it at every public meeting
which he has addressed.
Sree Biswanath Baba Abadhut, of the Mahima-
Dharma persuation, has continued his personal felici-
tations and prayers to the Almighty Brahma for the
completion of the work.
His Holiness, Bhakti Siddhanta Saraswati Swami
Maharaj of the Gourdia Math, Baghbafcar, Calcutta,
was pleased to pay a visit to the Bhashakosha office
on J. 9. 1935 and pronounce his benediction on the
manuscripts.
Distinguished visitors
Besides the Hon'ble Sir Courtney Terrell
Kt., Sankar Satchidananda Swami, Biswanath
Baba, Bhaktisidhanta Saraswati Swami Maharaj
and Mr. Dippie^ as stated in the above paragraphs,
the Hon'ble Sir Bijoy Prasad Sinh a Roy, Minister of
Local Self-government, Bengal, paid a visit to the
office on 27. 12. 35 and was greatly pleased with the
work.
My valuable subscribers.
r Government of Bihar and Orissa have subscribed
in advance for 130 copies,
Maharaja Brajamohan^ev, O. B,B,Ruler, Kalahandi
State, has subscribed for 26 sets,
Learned scholars, societies and libraries in
• England and Europe for
The Ruler of Keonjhar, for
The Ruler of Baudh, for
Maharaja of Sonepur. for
The Raja Saheb of Dharakote fpr
The Raja Saheb of Madhupur for
and The Ruling Chief of A thmallik for
The mention of my subscribers will not be com-
plete unless I refer to su bscriber No. 334, Moulvi
Shaikk Abdul Rashid, Assistant Teacher, Madrassa
20 sets,
10 sets,'
8 sets,
6 sets,
6 sets,
6 sets,
5 sets.
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Sultania, Buxibazar, Cutfcack, who draws a monthly
salary of Rs. 12/- and has to maintain a big family.
He approached me and prayed to be enlisted- as a
subscriber on a concession rate. In consideration of
his circumstances and his longing to own a set, I
accepted him as a subscriber on Rs. 45/- for a complete
set, payable by monthly instalments of Rs. 2/-. This
stipulation he scrupulously carried out and cleared
the sum within 22 months.
The best owe i a of ben diet 'on and good
wishes, now in heaven.
I had been cherishing the fond hope of laying
-the lexicon after completion, in the hands of His
Most Gracious Majesty, the late King Emperor,
George V. Now that His Majesty is in heaven , I offer
from the core of my heart my homage and tribute of
loyalty and devotion as an humble subject of His
late Majesty, "
I tender my homage to my father, the late
Narasingha Praharaj, who left us in 1914 and whose •
literary taste, I imbibed from my child- hood. He had
been feeling bitterly the want of a comprehensive
Oriya Dictionary. He heartly approved of my idea of
undertaking word-collection for a lexicon, in 1913-14.
The fruit of the labour of bis unworthy son was not
fated to be laid in his hands. I trust that from
heaven he is showering his blessings on the work.
My debt to my Guru, late Mr. M. S, Das, C. I.
E., has been repeatedly acknowledged in the previous
volumes. 1 trust that he is fondly watching the
progress of the work from heaven.
The late Srijukta V. Kar is, I believe, looking
upon the progress of the work of his unworthy asso-
cite with the same solicitude as when he was with us.
The late Pandit Nilmoni Misra,the sage of Jajpur,
who breathed his last on 1-12-35 at the age of 73, had
been a c&nstant visitor and well-wisher of the work.
He contributed an article for the word *Jajpur*
for the dictionary. He did not live to see his contri-
bution published. I trust he is watching the progress
. and blessing the work from heaven.
My thoughts turn to my departed daughter,
Srimati Labanyabati Debi, the wife of Rai Bahadoor
Loknath Misra M. L. C. Advocate, Government
Pleader, Puri. She had collected for me some Oriya
and Bengalee books of reference before her death.
Reference has been made to her help in the introduc-
tion to the first volume.
Rai Bahadur A jay Chandra Das and Rai
Bahadoor Ramsankar Roy are no'more in the land of
the living to encourage me by constant suggestions
and supply of words . They are still watching the
progress of the work in heaven. »
r
Number of copies sold and presented.
Upto date 363 sets have been subscribed in advance
and 04 sets presented to patrons, well-wishers and
assistants. Since the publication of -the 4th volume
in June 1934, 16 sets have been subscribed for and 14
sets presented.
It may be stated here that out of 360 sets sold,
about 300 sets have t?een sold at the prepublication
prices of &s_ 20/- to Rs. 30/- per set.
Bestowal of honour and appreciation.
The 'Revista Degli Studi Grien&li', the magazine
of the Rome University, published a very appreciative
article on this work, in the Italian language, in its
volume XIV, Fasc 2, of August 1933, from the pen of
Professor Giueseppe Tucci. I give the following
extracts therefrom : —
"X X The dictionary is, on account of its size and
wealth of documentation, the most complete that
could be desired. XXX Gopal Praharaj has highly
xleserved.well of his country and the rebirth of verna-
cular studies in India. X X X X This Tvork will
greatly facilitate the study of a literature, which has
also many-points of .contact with the literature of
Bengal, and is not, by any means, one of the least
interesting in India/'
The Italian was very kindly translated for me
into English by Professor Binoy Kumar Sircar, M. A.,
of the Calcutta University, to whom my thanks
are due.
The Cut tack Baisya Tili Jatiya Samiti, Associa-
tion presented the compiler with an address of
welcome and appreciation at a special gathering on
10-3-35.
The members of the club at Jeypore (Vizag) met
the compiler in an evening party and presented him
with an address of welcome and appreciation on 21st
October 1934.
The compiler was awarded a Silver Jubilee Medal
on the occasion of the late King Emperor's Silver
Jubilee on 6-5-35.
At the 6th annual sitting of the Gangadhar
Sahitya Parishad of Sambalpur on 29-1-36, over
which the compiler was invited to preside, apprecia-
ting allusions were made to his humble labours.
*•»
( rm )
Financial out-look,
receipts and requirement*.
The size, and consequently the cost, of the work
have fat outgrown the orginal and subsequent esti-
mates .
The cost for every volume has been Rs. 16,000/-
on the average. Now the cost of publishing the
entire 7 volumes, in more than 9000 pages, is esti-
mated to come to Rs. 110,000/- in round numbers.
Towards this requirement, a sum of Rs, 24,000/- was
received from the Government of Bihar & Orissa and
from the Patna University, Rs. 39,000f- from the
generous doners, Rs. 10,000/ from advance subscrib-
ers in and outside India and Rs. 10,000 as loan on
the security of my residential house. So, provision ;
has been made to* the extent of Rs. 83,000/-, and a
further sum of Rs. 27,000/- will enable me to bring
out the remaining two volumes, the 6th and the 7th #
I depend upon the generosity of the patrons whom I
have been approaching.
The price of the work
Before the printing was undertaken, the entire
work had been calculated to occupy 2 volumes, of
3600 pages, requiring an outlay of Rs. 40,000/-.
As the printing advanced and the size and cost of
the work were found to gradually increase, the price
was gradually raised to Rs. 40/-, Rs. 50/-, Rs. 60/-
and Rs. 80/- respectively^ per set.
Now, on the publication of the 5th volume, it is
found that the work will be completed in 2 more
volumes, requiring a larger outlay. So, the advance
price of a complete set of 7 volumes is now fixed at
Rs,115/- (one hundred and fifteen rupees) and the cash
price ibr each volume, purchased separately, Rs. 20/8
(Rupees twenty and annas eight).
The expected time-limit for the publication.
Unless there is insurmountable financial or other
difficulty, as befell the publication of this volume,
the 6th and 7th volumes will be out at intervals of
10 months each; and it is -hoped that the publication
of the entire work will be completed by the end of
1937.
A word to intendng subscribers of
slender Income.
Many friends have complained that the high price
of the work makes its purchase beyond the reach of
persons of moderate income. To meet this difficulty
it is contemplated to introduce the system of payment
by easy monthly instalments of Rs. 3/- (three) spread
over 40 (forty) months or of Rs.2-8 ( two eight )
spread over 50 (fifty) months, on the
subscribers furnishing security, to the satisfaction of
the compiler or his book-sellers, about the regularity
of the stipulated monthly payments. For those who
cannot afford even this, it is contemplated to bring
out much cheaper editions of the work (e, g. popular
edition, students' edition, pocket edition ), the price
of which will suit the pockets of persons of slender
means.
Thanksgiving.
To all my colleagues, supporters, well-wishers,
sympathisers, helpers, patrons, volunteers and critics I
again tender my thanks.
I tender my loyalty and homage to His Most
Gracious Majesty, the King Emperor Edward VHI, and
invoke God's choicest blessings on His Majesty. 1
tend e r my homage to the Great Benevolent Being
who has brought me and my dictionary safely up to
this stage and pray that He may give me strength
to see it through.
Conclusion
It is hoped that the Grace of the Almighty Father
which has brought the publication of the Oriya
lexicon and the formation of the Orissa Province,
pari passu, to their present stages, will bring out the
completion of the former and the harmonious working
of the latter, and that the Oriya language and the
Oriya nation will occupy their legitimate places of
honour in the eyes of the civilised world in the near
future.
God*s will be done. Amen !
Bhashakosha office.
Cuttack.
Orissa.
March, 1936.
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wisher i of the work.
M. Rahim Khan, Merchant, Cut tack
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Babu Bamdeb M isra t B. A.
Dewan, Athmallik State.
Khan Bahadur Sayed Abdul Majid B r A.
Cuttack.
I
Rai Safaeb Naliirikanta Ghosh. B.Sc. B L
Deputy Magistrate, Puri
qsj aiew ©m-gig* ecus
Sj. Amarhallabh Dey M. A, B, E.
State Judge, Bamra State.
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PURNNACHANDRA
• r
ORDIA BHASHAKOSHA
( A lexicon of the Oriya language )
Volume VI — (Consonants, Ja to Sha)
Compiler— Rai Bahadur G.C. Praharaj, Sahityabisarada
(Kaiser-I-Hind)
Advocate, Patna High Courts B. N.R., Orissa Undid).
Colleague— Srim a ti Pitambari Debi,
with the help of a body of assistants.
Printed and published by M. Kar,
THE UTKAL SAHITYA PRESS, CUTTACK.
1937.
gsw <W W «?w <jca— % -w;
Price for a complete set of 7 volumes— R& 150/-
Do. before the publication of Vol Yll — Re. 132/-
Do, for each volume purchased separately Rs. 25/-
AGENTS FOR THE SALE OF THE WORK
], MESSES LUZAC & Co.
Oriental and foreign booksellers
46, Great Russell Street
London.W, C # I.
2. VON OTTO HARRASSOWITZ ■
Querstrasse 14 #
Leipzig, C. I.
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m
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Paris, 7E.
France.
4. THE BHASHAKOSHA OFFICE
Bhashakosha Lane
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(Orissa, India).
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6. THE PATHSALA PRESS
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(Bihar, India),
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8 # THE STUDENTS STORE
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Price Rs. 150/- lor a whole set of 7 volumes
Advance price before the publication of the 7th volume Rs. 135/-
Rs. 25-for each volume purchased separately.
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The Layer of the Foundation stone of this work
Hi* Excellency Sir John Austen Hubbaek, M. A., K. C S. I., LG. S
The first Governor of the Or i*»* Province.
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The sixth volume of the
PURNNACHANDRA
ORMA BHASHAKOSHA
is dedicated, with kind permission, to
Maharaja Sri Sri Sri Rajendra Narayan Sing Deo,
Maharaja and Ruler, Patna State,
E stern States Agency,
Wfio is tfic worthiest represent afiuc of the Gfiaufian royal family in Orissa, xufiosc enlig6tened
rule extending ouer only four years fias pusfied fiis state to t fie front jranfi of Tncfian
States, UDfiose zeal to promote t6e welfare of fiis su6jeets fias prompted fiim to
strife a 6\ow to tne %etbi ancf tfie <55egari systems prevalent in the states
for ages, tofiose otfier 6enefieent measures to furtfier tfie happiness of
fiis su6jeets fias macfe fiim tSc idol of tfieirifiearts, wfiose li6erality
for many tuortfiy eausea of Orissa fias raised fiigfi fiopes in t6e
minds of his countrymen, whose ideal life governed
Sy austere principles and approximating to that
of the ^fajarshis of yore is a souree of unfail-
ing inspiration to all Orissa and through
whose munificence this volume is
6rought to a sueecssful
close.
Bhashakosha Office ,
Bhasha kosha ' Lane,
Ctjttack.
June, 1937
in grateful regard
by
his humble admirer ;
THE COMPILER
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Tbe Illustrious Dedicatee of the 6th Volume
Maharja Rajendra Narayan Singh Deo
Ruler, Patna State.
Ell S3) e«j|i Sfefl^ I
V*
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Introduction to the sixth volume
of the
Purnna Chandra Ordia
Bhashakosha.
Tite contents of the volume and delay
in its publication.
Through the Grace of tne Almighty Father, I am
now able to lay the sixth volume in the hands of my
patrons, subscribers and the public.
This volume has brought the word collection to the
letter q (Sha)„ The first five volumes dealt with forty
six letters, leaving the last two letters ( q and g ) of
the alphabet for the seventh and last volume .
The number of words and phrases in this volume
is 24 thousand, thus bringing the number of words and
phrases in the Q volumes to 1 lakh and 59,000. It is
expected that the last volume will contain about 25
thousand words; and thus it is expected that the
Oriya Lexicon, when complete, will have dealt with
1 lakh and a4,QQ0 words, in all.
The-" fifth volume was published by the end of
March 1936, i. e. on the eve of the inauguration of
the Orissa Province. At that time I hoped to bring
out the sixth volume in the course of the next ten
months. Owing to scarcity of paper in the market
and the indifferent state of my health for some time,
the regular progress of the sheets through the press
was hampered; and so there has been an unavoidable
delay of five months. I hope, that through the Grace
of God and the generous help of patrons of learning
the seventh and last volume will be out by March
1938.
Financial patron of this volume.
Maharaja Rajendra Narayan Sing Deo, Ruler,
Patna State, Eastern States Agency, graciously
promised to meet the cost of the publication of this
volume. He has already made a munificent donation
of Rupees ten thousand towards it.
Contributors of articles.
The following gentlemen have contributed special
articles to this volume, and their names appear under
their respective contributions in the body of the
work «—
(1) Sahitya Samrat, Maharaja Vikrama Dev
Varma, D. T^itt, of Jeypore,
(2) Babu Jagabandhu Singh of Puri,
(3) Babu Kedarnath Mahapatra B. A,, D. Bd r
of Bhubaneswar,
(4)
kote,
(5)
(6)
(7)
(S)
(9)
Pandit Baikoli Jyotisha Bisarada of Khalli-
Babu Chandra Sekhar Das of Jajpur,
The late Pandit Nilamani Misra of Jajpur,
Dr. Radha Charan Panda L. M # P„
Dr. Kailas Chandra Rao L, M. P.,
Babu Narayan Prasad Sathia, B. A. of
Cuttack,
(10) Babu Manmohan Ghosh B. I,, of Cuttack,
(11) Mahamahopadeshak stmdarananda Bidya
Binode B. A. of Saehcbidananda Math* Cuttack,
(12) Kumar Bidyadhar Singa Deo B * L - Advocate,
Jeypore,
(13) Mr. N. Gantayet B. E„ Apprentice Engineer,
(14) Babu Apurba Krushna Sarkar B. A., Cuttack,
(15) Research Pandit Biswnath Rath Kabyatirtha
of Puri,
(16) Professor Bipin Behari Ray M. A., Cuttack.
Books of reference.
Besides the books .of reference aud authorities
already mentioned in the previous volumes extracts
have been taken from the following works and the
books of the following authors :—
The Bengalee Visvakosha ( Encyclopedia ) by
Prachyavidyamaharnnaba Rai Saheb N. N. Vasu—
(1st Edition,)
History of Orissa in Oriya by the late Krupa-
sindhu Misra M. A„
Arunodaya Press Oriya Almanac,
Osiya Translation of Sankar Digbijaya by Reverend
gwami Sachchidananda Saraswati of the Sankara-
nanda Math, Puri,
Konarke by Sj. Nilakantha Das M. A„
Dharmapada by the late Gopabandhu Das,
The Daily Asha of Berhampur,
The Statesman of Calcutta,
(
11
)
The Nabeen of Berbampur,
Prothero*s students' History of India,
Babu Bhagabat Chandra Das Bidyabausan, B. A.
of Midnapore,
The late Pandit Rudranarayan Sarangi of
Balasore,
Babu Prankrisbna Das B, X, m of Balasore.
Number of pages.
Owing to printer's error some words of the original
copy were left out between pages 7624 to 7625 of thSs
volume, which necessitated the insertion of the omitted
matter in 13 pages between the pages 7624 and 7625;
they are numbered 7 625 ka, kha, ga, gha, na, cha,
chha, ja t jha s na, ta, tha and da.
This volume covers 1174 pages.
My Colleagues and Assistants.
Of my colleagues and assistants mentioned in the
previous volumes, Sreemati Pitarabari Debi (proof
correction and revision ) 3 Pandit KuJamani Das
Kabyatirtha (revision of the manuscripts), Babu
Krushna Chandra Misra M. A., B. L. ( revision ),
Pandit Narasingha Mahapatra, Babu Bhubaneswar
Misra, Babu Bichhanda Charan Patnaik B, A., Babu
Narasingha Samanta Sinhar, Babu Surjyamoni Kar,
Pandit Bhagaban Pati, Babu Krushna Chandra Kar
( faircopying of the manuscripts for the press ), Babu
SatindraNarayanRay M.A., B.L. (supplying Bengalee
synonyms) and Pandit Sures Chandra Jaa, Vyakaran
Sastri, Kabya Smrutitirtha, (supplying Hindi
synonyms) have collaborated with me in this volume.
Babu Satindra Narayan Ray M. A,, E. L. has been
connected with the work as supplier of Bengalee
synonyms since the beginning. The death of his
father, the late Rai Bahadur H. N. Rai Mahasaya
M, A., has compelled Satindra Babu to leave Cuttack
for good and stay at his residence at Lakshmannath
in Balasore. Still, he has assured me that some
arrangement will be made for the continuance of his
labour in respect of the last volume #
My publisher Babu Mahananda Kar t Proprietor of
the Utkal sabitya Press, has continued his personal
attention to the progress of this volume through the
press. Babu Kulamoni Kar f Manager of the press, has
been of great help to me in correcting the proofsheets.
Shaikh Manir Khan, the Head compositor of the
press, has rendered ungrudging service to the work,
inspire of the repeated sinking and falling down of
letters and niatras from the forms in the course of
printing.
The binding of this volume as well as of the last 3
volumes has been made by M, Azam AH Khan of
Cuttack. Babu Ranglal Modi, M. L. A. of the firm
of Messrs Ranglal Rameswarlal, agents to the
Titaghur Paper Mills, has been supplying me with
the paper, though on account of scarcity of paper
in the market I had to indent for gome paper directly
from Calcutta*
Supply of dialectical and provincial words.
Eabu Durgacharan Rai, Sadar Sub Divisional
Officer of Patna state, and his wife Srimati Stunati
Debi, Babu Ad wait Prasad Das M* A„ Education
Officer, Patna s^te, Pandit Gobinda Chandra
Patnaik, Teacher, Training School, patna State,
Babu Dibyasingha Naik, Stenographer, Patna State,
Babu Natbar Gartia B, L., Second Officer, Titlagarh,
Patna State, Babu Trilochan Patnayak, News Agent*
Patna State, Lai Sahib Sibnarayan Deb of Khariar,
Pandit Binayak Das U. B. P., Personal Clerk to the
Ruling Chief, Bonai State, Babu Achyutananda
Purohit, B. L. GW t. Pleader, Sambalpur, Ashukabi
Bishnu Prasad Das of Atabira, Sambalpur, Babu
Biswaksen Bahidar of Sambalpur, Srimati Aparnna
Debi, Poetess of Puri, ~ Swami Sacbchidananda Sara-
swati, Head of the Sankarananda Math, Puri, Babu
Bansidhar Mahanti, Office Superintendent, Keonjhar
State, Dr. Kailas Chandra Rao of Cuttack, Raja
Durgamadhab Prasad Sinha Deo of idadanpur-
Rampur, Kalahandi State, Babu Barcdeb Misra
B. A. have favoured me with several hundreds of
dialectical and provincial words peculiar to their
respective localities.
Babu Bamdeb Misra B, A 4 , the energetic Dewan
of the Athmalik r State, has been supplying hundreds
of dialectical words peculiar to the Oriya states and
to Jajpur, for this work since its inception. He has
continued his supply of words and has visited the
Bhashakosha Office whenever he has passed by
Cuttack. His active sympathy and assistance have
been valuable assets to me.
In this connection I have great pleasure in mention-
ing with thanks the service rendered to the work
by the Patna State authorities and officials. At the
suggestion of the Maharaja, Babu Adwait Prasad
Das, Education Officer of the State, sent a circular to
the teachers of the educatio nal institutions asking
them to supply me with dialectical words prevalent
in their respective localities; and as a result, hundreds
of words have come from that source. I have con-
veyed my thanks to the teachers through the
Education Officer.
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( iii )
From Lala Rajktunar M. A., P. C, S.# Chief
"Minister, Kumar Ranendra Pratap Singh Deo B. L B
Household Comptroller, Mr. Srigopal Chandra B. A.,
L. L. B, M. R . A. .S. Judicial Minister and Rao
Sdbib Dr. P,P. John, M. B., B. S., Medical Officer, Babu
Satish Chandra Banerjee B. A. settlement Officer,
Sardar Bishan Sin£b, Superintendent of Police, Babu
Balabhadra Bahidar, S.D.O. Titlagarh, Babu Chinta-
moni Misra S-D,0. Patnagarb, Babu Natabar Gartia,
Second Officer, Titlagarh, Babu Banshidhar Chobdar,
Maharaja's Peshker, Babu Dibyasingha Nayak Chief
Minister's stenographer and almost all officers, high
and low, and from the Zamindars and chief personages
of the Patna State, I hare received nothing but
kindness.
In connection with my tour in the Patna States t
record with gladness the voluntary service rendered by
Sardar Amar singh, Superintendent of Land Records,
Patna State, in whom I have found an energetic
canvasser for patrons and subscribers for the work.
I was the happy recipient of a long list of
dialectical words peculiar to Sambalpur from the
following students of Bargarh High English School,
District Sambalpur, though I have not the privilege
of personally knowing them, — sr een *a n Achyutananda
Ratb, Dasarathy Majhi, Nabaktshore Mahapatra,
Biswamitra Panda, Jogindra Prasad Panda, I highly
.appreciate the spirit of service to the mother tongue
by which they have been actuated to do this of their
own accord.
My Illustrious Patrons and Benefactors.
The services & help rendered to this undertaking
from time to time since the beginning by H. E. Sir
John Austen Hubback, K. C, S. I., I. C. S. f the first
Governor of the Orissa Province, have been gratefully
acknowledged in the previous volumes. His Excellency
is the foster-father of the lexicon. The first volume
was dedicated to His Excellency, with his kind
permission.
On the day of the His Excellency's assumption of
-office, His Excellency was pleased to send me a very
affectionate letter enclosing a cheque for Rupees one
hundred and fifty.
His Excellency was glad to hear that t he Patna
University had made a further grant of Rs. 1500/ for
the completion of the work.
wfiile in London His Excellency had been to the
London College of Oriental Studies to see what they
had got there in the way of Oriya Books. Apart
from the lexicon, which His Excellency found there,
they had a very meagre collection, a defect which
His Excellency hopes to rectify in the course of His
Exllency's term of office. „
From this it will be seen how the dictionary and
the Oriya language occupy a warm corner in
His Excellency's heart. Since assumption of office,
His Excellency and Lady Hubback have always
made affectionate and anxious enquiries about the
progress of the publication. The first New Year's
Honour's list for the Orissa Province contained the
title of Rai Bahadur for the compiler, I value the
distinction as an honour done to Oriya Literature.
It is a matter of supreme pleasure to me to think
that the layer of the foundation stone of this national
edifice of learning will be with us to put the coping
stone to it in the course of the next year. With His
Excellency's and Lady Hubback's kind permission,
their photos have been reproduced in this volume,
JJdaharaja Rajendra Narayana Singh Deo, Ruler,
Patna State, is the patron and the financial prop of
this volume. When I first paid my respects to him
and laid the first five volumes in his hands, he enquir-
ed of the financial requirement for bringing out the
next (i. e. the 6th) volume and spontaneously promis-
ed help for its publication. The Maharaja Saheb has
redeemed his promise to a great extent and given
practical demonstration of his appreciation of my
humble labours. As a token of my sincere regard for
his superb qualities of head and heart, this volume is,
with the Maharaja's kind permission, dedicated to him.
While at patna I had the honour of being introduc-
ed to Tikayet S" Nrupendra Narayan Singh Deo
B. A., B. L., Jubaraj Sahib of Seraikela,whom I found
a promising young man of great literary talents.
The Jubaraj reminded me of a Sanscrit Sloka to the
effect ;— "From the mine of rubies nothing but rubies
come out.'*
Sanity a samrat Maharaja Vikram Dev Varma,
Doctor of Literature, Maharaja of Jeypore (Koraput),
to whom Volume IV was dedicated, has continued his
keen interest in the progress of the work. Some of
bis contributions find place in this volume. On learn-
ing my financial difficulties and debts the Maharaja
voluntarily xemitted a sum of two thousand rupees
in addition to Rupees ten thousand which he had
(
I
1
donated for the fifth volume. As Chancellor 5f the
Andhra Research University the Maharaja has best-
owed on me the title and diploma of 'Sahitya Visarada 7 ,
Maharaja Sir Pratap Chandra Bhanj Deo,
Kt # K. C, I. E„ Ruler, .Maytu&bhanj State, at whose in-
stance this work has borne the hallowed name of his late
brother, Maharaja Eurnna Chandra, on being apprised
of my indebted conditioa by Professor Parija and
Principal Tripathi, helped me with a sum of Rupees
five thousand in addition to Rupees eight thousand
which he had donated when the printing of the work
was first taken in hand.
Captain, the Hon'ble Maharaja Sri Sri gri
Krushna Chandra Gajapati Narayan Dev of Par la.
kimedi. Chief Minister, Orissa, to whom the fifth
volume was dedicated has been watching the
progress of the work with paternal concern,
Raja Kishore Chandra Dev, Ruling Chief, Ath-
mallik State, whose practical sympathy and repeated
donations have never failed me, has contributed
Rupees five hundred (in addition to Rs 2309/- donated
in instalments) during the -progress of this volume^
His words of encouragement and appreciation after
the publication of the first volume still ring in my
ears. He has been a veritable bed of amaranth
(GQsta Qaej) to the compiler,
Lai Artatrah Dev, Raja Saheb of Khariar
(Nawapara), has remitted his promised donation of
Rupees one thousand. The Jubaraj of Khariar also
takes great interest in the work.
The Patna University, which had made a grant of
Rupees five thousand three years ago, have augmented
it by a further grant of Rupees one thousand and
five hundred on the eve of the creation of -the. {few
Orissa Province.
Raja Bahadur Sir Rajendra Narayan Bhanj Deo,
Kt„ O.B.E t9 whose long association with the work
since the beginning has been mentioned in the previous
; volumes, has donated Rupees five hundred.
Raja Lai Rajendra Singh Banna, Raja Saheb of
Borasambar, Sambalpur, has remitted Rupees three
hundred towards his promised donation of Rupees one
thousand.
Raja Narayan Chandra Birabar Mangraj Maha-
patra, Ruling Chief, Baramba State, has donated
Rupees five hundred.
Rai Bahadur Loknath Misra, Advocate Govern-
ment Pleader, Puri, has paid Rupees five hundred,
the balance of his promised donation of Rupees one
thousand,,
iv ) *
Raja Malayan Prasad Dev, Ruler, Baudh State, to
whom the third volume was dedicated, continues
to take a keen interest in the progress of the work.
Sree Uma Prasad Singh Dev, Raja Saheb of Joypatna,
Kalahanrfi State, has remitted Rupees one hundred,
the balance of his promised donation of Rupees five
hundred,
Sti Kshirode Singh Majhi Mandhata, Zamindar of
Atgaon, Patna State, has paid Rupees one hundred
towards his promised donation of Rupees five
hundred.
Sit Badridas Goenka, Kt., B. -A., Rai Bahadur,
Banker and Merchant, Calcutta ^ made a contribution
of Rs 50/-fifty.
Mr. G. E. Fawcus M. A., C- I. E„ I. E. s. has been
helping the work as a very careful gardener watering
and watching tender plants grown by him. His
services have been gratefully recounted in the previous
volumes. Though he is not now in our midst as the
Director of Public Instruction, he is still in touch with
us as Chairman of the Public Service Commission. I
have got repeated indications that he watches the
progress of the work with keen concern,
The Hon*ble Sir Courtney Terrell, Kt. Chief Justice,
Patna digh Court, Has continued his pate rnal solici-
tude for the work,
C. L. Philip Esqr. C.'I. E v I. C, s. sometime
Commissioner of the Orissa Division, who helped me
in the preparation of the first 3 volumes, is now ia
England; and the compiler has got proof of his keen
interest in the progress of the work-
B. C. Gibson Esq. C % I. E., I. C. s., sometime Agent
to the Governor General, Estern States Agency, Patron
of the 4th volume, has been watching the progress
of the work with solicitude.
To these in particular and to the other patrons and
financial supporters of the work whose services & help
have enabled me to proceed so far, I tender my grati-
tude. Had it not been for their generosity &
patronage it would never have been possible^for a man
of slender means like me to advance so far.
DUtingtfUhed visitors.
I forgot to mention in the last volume the surprise
visit paid by Kaka Kalelkar of the Gujerat Bidya-
pitha to the Bhashakosha Asram during his visit to
Cuttack in 1935. He had seen the manuscripts in
1928 when he came with Mahatma Gandhi and
stayed with me. He was glad to see the progress of
the publication and pronounced his opinion that the
9Sk
rJ Syi«-Jft5
Sahitya-samrat Maharaja Sri Vikram Dev Varma, D, Litt.
Maharaja, Jeypore, District Koraput,
ww *n * sfl w^w to, $. ai> c«jqsi qfiw «
Lit.
figf'^Vj^f
S#%i*%ll£^^
\
/
M>
Bbashakosha has bad a lion's share in popularising
the Hindi language in Orissa,
Mr. H. Dippie, M. A., C. I. E„ I. E. S Director
of Public Instructions, Orissa, has paid more
than one visit to the Bhashakosha Asram and
has expressed his genuine appreciation of my
labours.
Mr. P, T. Mansfield, C. I. E., I. C. S-, Chief
Secretary to the Government of Orissa, visited
the office and volunteered to help me in the correc-
tion t>f the English portions of the proofsheets;
but in consideration of the heavy pressure of
his public duties I have not yet dared utilise his
services.
Mr. A. F. W. Dixon, M. A„ J. C. S. late
Development Secretary to the Government of Orissa
paid a visit to this office.
Colonel G. Yerghese M. D„ C. H. B., D. P. H.,
• J>. T. M., D. T. H., I. M. S,, Director of Public Health,
>, Orissa, paid a kind visit to the office with Dr. S,
'>>3Miipra, Health Officer, Cuttack Municipality, and was
^lavish in his praise of the work.
f 1^, R. P. Ward^ M< C, D. F. O, I. C. S., District
Officer, Cuttack, and Mrs. Ward visited the Asram
?*&&■ expressed their anxiety to help the progress of
t tl^ publication, —-
: " itai Bahadur BHuy an Bhaskar Chandra Maha-
patta visited the Asram several times, the last time
with Rai Bahadur Umacharan Das, P. A. to the
Revenue Commissioner of Orissa.
Tikayet Sailendra Narayan Bhanj Deo, Tikayet
gaheb of Kanika, Chairman of the Cuttack District
Board, visited the Asram in May 1936 and assured me
of his worthy father's and bis sympathy for the
work. *
Moulvi Enamur Raheman, Income Tax Officer,
Cuttack, paid a visit of appreciation, to the Asrama
with Babu Gopinath Mahapatra, Inspector, Income
Tax, Cuttack,
Wellwtiher s and Volunteers.
Amongst the sincere well wishers and volunteers
who are sparing no pains to bring the work to the
notice of patrons, subscribers and the public, I count
the following : —
I^al Sibnarayan Deb Lai Saheb of Khariar, whose
earnest endeavours have been mentioned in the last
volume. He has still been securing financial help and
subscribers for the work, He has succeeded in secu-
ring donations and promises to the sum of Rupees
three thousand. He has been from time to time
supplying-me with hundreds of dialectical words pecu-
liar to that area, which but, for him, would have been
shut out from my notice, East year he undertook a
tour to some of the states *to secure financial suppor-
ters and subscribers for the work*
Mr. S. C Tripathi I. E. S* 5 Principal, Ravenshaw
College, Cuttack, through whose advocacy the work
had secured the initial help from the Maharaja of
Mayurbhanj and who had some hand in securing the
Maharaja's further help received in the course of the
progress of this volume.
Mr. P. K, Parija M. A., I, E. S., Professor, Raven.
shaw College, whose representation to the Maharaja
of Mayurbhanj last year conjointly with that of
Principal Tripathi secured the Maharaja's further
help,
Mr. k, C. Neogi, Dewan, and Chief Minister,
Mayurbhanj State.
M;r- D. P. Sarma I. C S., late District Officer, Puri.
Rai Bahadur R. C. Das, Deputy Commissioner,
Sambalpu r. *
Babu Satis Chandra Mitra, Sadar Sub-Divisional
Officer, Puri.
Rai Bahadur Lakshmidhar Mahanty, Advocate.
Rai Bahadur Umacharan Das, Personal Assistant
to the Revenue Commissioner.
Rai Sahib somenath Mahaptra, late Executive
Officer, Cuttack Municipality.
Babu Durgacharan Rai, Sadar S. D. O. and Assis-
tant sessions Judge, Patna State,
BabuBamdeb Misra B. K Dewan and sessions
judge, AthmalHk State.
Babu Batakrushna Mahanty. B. A„ Offg. Dewan,
Khariar Estate.
Mr. Amaraballabh Dey, M. A., B- l#. State Judge,
Bamra State.
. Rai Bahadur J. K. Tripathy, Dewan. Keonjhar
State.
Pandit Binayak Das, U. B. P, Personal Clerk to
the Baling Chief of Bonai State.
Babu Krishna Chandra Sen Gupta M* A., B. Ed.
Headmaster, G attack Training School.
Babu Chintamoni Acharyya M. A., B. L, Advocate,
Government pleader, Cuttack
Dr. Kailas Ch. .Rao, Medical Officer, Puri Police
Hospital.
Babu Trilochana Patnayak, Jfews Agent, Patna
State,
Babu Biswaksen Bahidar t News Agent, sambalpu r,
Babn Sashibhuaan Rath, Editor, the New Orissa,
Berhampur,
( vi )
Eabu Atianda Acha rya, Edi tor, Tae Oriya,
Berhampur.
Babu Sashibhusan Rai* Author and writer,
Cuttack,
Sreeman Prabfcat Kumar Uukherji, M. A., D. Bd,
Cuttack,
Pandit Lakshminarayana Misra, gambalpur.
Sriman Purnacbandra Bose j Cuttack.
Babu Umacharan Mahanti, Proprietor, Cuttack
Publishing House, Cuttack.
To the loving services of Vaidyaraj Balunkeswar
Acharyya, Bhisa kratna of Cuttack, who has been the
custodian of my health for the last fifteen years, have
been added the ungrudging services of Dr. Kashinath
Misra B # Sc, M. B„ D. T. M, who has very success-
fully freed me from the unwelcome embrace of the
friend of my younger days — filaria — which was trying
to renew its association with me after a sojourn of 35
years,
r Pandit Baikoli Mabapatra Jyotis Bisarada of
Khallikote, has been keeping watch over the move-
ments of my natal planets and asterisms and has
been appeasing them by his propitiatory arts.
Tbe labours of the above have been labours of love,
actuated by a genuine spirit of service to a national
cause.
On the approach of my labours to their conclusion, I
tender my homage to the spirit of my dep arted father,
the late Narasingha Praharaj,who, I believe, has been
keeping watch oyer the progress of the work.
'The late Maharaja Sir Biramitrodaya Singh Deb,
Dharmanidbi, Jnanagunakara, K. C* I. E., M. R. A. S.
Ruler, sonepur- State, was my patron, friend and
adviser for the last 32 years. We were of the same
age. He has, by his multifarious acts of public and
private munificence and by his literary activities, and
specially by his princely donations made to th e
Calcutta University for teaching the Oriya language
upto the M. A, standard, left a name which will
never die. Thong h this work was not fated to
attract his liberality, his service to the Oriya nation
entitle him to a front seat amongst the worthies of
Orissa. He was always lavish in his praise of my
labours and alluded to it before various prominent
people. A few months a go he granted me a copy of
his photo with kind permission to reproduce the
same in this volume;" but he was not spared to see it.
I give a prominent place to his photo in this
volume.
r The late B^akti siddbanta Saraswati Maharaj
•of Goudiya Math Calcutta }
The late Visvanath Kar, my preceptor in the
field of liter-atur e,
The late Mr. M. S. Das C, I. EL to whom I owe a
debt of gratitude, which has been referred to in the
first volume,
The late Rai Bahadur Ajay Chandra Das who?e
contribution of words has been recorded in the first
volume,
Swami Sankar Satchidananda Saraswati, Head of
the Bhogabardhan Sankarananda Math, Puri, who
never lets a single day pass without his invoking, the
Grace of the Deity to bring the work to an early
conclusion,
Brahma Abadhuta Sannyasi Btswanath Baba,
Missionary, SatyamahimaJ Dharma, who makes a point
of visiting the Bhashakosha Asram to pronounce'God's
blessing on the work, whenever he visits Cuttack,
Prachyavidya Maharnnaba Rai Sahib Nagendra
Nath Vasu, the Compiler of the Bengalee and the
Hindustbanie Visvakoshas (Encyclopedias), who often
makes anxious enquiries about the progress of the
work,and through whom the photos reproduced in this
and in* the 5th volume ' have been made into blocks.
To the abovementioned personages, both living
and dead, and to my patrons, supporters,- helpers,
benefactors, colleagues, sympathisers and propagan-
dists I tender my thanks. Had the work not got so
many devoted wellwishers, it would never have been
possible for a man of slender means like me to under,
take, continue and bring to the present stage of
progress tbe herculean task. In grateful recognition
of their help, I have reproduced their photos, with
their permission, when available.
Bestowal of Honours, Appreciations and
Comments.
Mr. R. P. Ward, District Magistrate of
Cuttack, who is now in charge of the Cuttack
Municipality, has been pleased, at the instance of
some distinguished townsmen, to change the name of
the late Normal School Lane of Cuttack (in which tbe
office of the lexicon is situated) to 'Bhashakosha Lane'
and this fact is indicated by conspicuous signboards
at both the ends of the said lane, and has been pub-
licly proclaimed.
The Governor General and Viceroy has been pleased
to confer on the compiler of the lexicon the title of
Rai Bahadur amongst the first New Year's honours
of the Orissa Province.
( vii )
The Chancellor of t he Andhra Research University
( Bharati Tirtha), Vizagapatam, has been pleased to
<*rant to the compiler of the lexicon the diploma of
•Sahitya Bisarada' ( Proficient in belles-letters ).
Kabibara Cbintamoni Mahanty (poet) of Bbadrak
has published an appreciate ry poem of the lexicon in
his works which are now in the press.
Pandit Ekadasi Bedi of Jajpur and Pandit Lakhmi
Narayan Misra of Sambalpur have also each published
an appreciative poem on the Bhashakosha.
Dr. Suniti Kumar Cbatterji, ^. A„ D. Litt.,
Professor of the Calcutta University and a scholar of
international repute, in his presidential address
before the Indo Aryan languages section of the last
All India Oriental Conference held at Mysore, made
a reference to the lexicon. He writes to me in the
following terms —
1 had the pleasure of handling your great lexico-
graphical work in the Calcutta University library and
of admiring your great erudition and your stupendous
labour. The work is of unique importance in the
study of the modern Indo-aryan languages. The
great work will remain a monumental testimony to
the scholarship of Utkal, the publication of which so
happily synchronises with the establishment of
Utkala Mata as the Presiding Deity in her home
land."
Prachyabidya Maharnnaba Rai Sahib N. N, Vasu,
the compiler of the Bengalee and the Hindi Encyclop-
edias has included me amongst the contributors of
articles on Orissa. in the Second Edition of the
Bengalee Encyclopedia which is now in the press, and
of which the 1st and the 2nd volumes have already
come out.
Chhotrai Laksmi Narayan Bhanja Deo, the
younger brother of the Ruler of the Keonjhar State
who is now in England for study, and the enlightened
Ranee Saheb of KeoDJhar, contemplate presenting a
set of the dictionary and some standard Oriya books
to each of the libraries of the London, Oxford and
Cambridge Universities and other public -libraries in
Great Britain and in the Continent.
It is a matter of supreme pleasure to learn from
the Chhotrai Saheb that through the exertions of
Kumar Sabeb Deo of Cbikati, Ganjam, who is now
in England, the Oriya language has been recognised
and is included in the curriculum of the Matriculation
"Examination of the London University.
Pandit Godabaris Misra M, A., B. T , M. L. A. of
JBanpur, who has been touring some of the Oriya
States in connection with the Banpur High English
School, was kini enough to refer to the Maharaja of
Mayurbhanja's generous help to this lexicon, in his
presidential address at the last anniversery of the
Baripada Sahitya samaja.
The Editor of the Oriya, a weekly of Berhampur, in
its issue of 14. 5. 37 has published an article on the
lexicon and has reproduced the compiler's photo in the
same
Copies sold and presented.
Up-to-date 88o sets of the work have been subs-
cribed for in advance, gince the publication of the
5th volume, 15 sets have been subscribed for. Amogst
the recent subscribers, mention may be made of the
Rangoon University Library, Royal Asiatic Society
of Bengal, Benares Hindu University, Nagpar Univer-
sity, The Ramkrishna Math, Bhubaneswar, Sreemati
Prabhas Kumari Debi^ minor Proprietress of Bara-
palli wards estate, Sambalpur (for w hom the Deputy
Commissioner of sambalpur sent a remittance of
Rupees one hundred and fifty, instead of 5ts 115/-
the then advance price for a whole set) , Superint-
endent, Mission Press, Cuttack, Professor B. V. Roy
M. A., Babu D. C. Ray, Sadar S. D. 0, Patna State,
Secretary, George Club Patna State, Education
Officer, Patna State, Dewan, Keonjhar State, (besides
the 10 sets already subscribed for by the Ruler),
Headmasters of the Titlagarh and Patnagarh M. E.
Schools, Patna State.
Up-to-date 70 sets have been presented to patrons,
actual and prospective, eminent persons and workers,
of which 6 have been presented since the publication
of the last volume,,
Financial otftlook
Only 2 letters of the Oriya alphabet remain for
the seventh and last volume.
The cost of bringing out one volume including
binding has worked at Rupees sixteen thousand on
the average. Thus, the charges for bringing out the
complete work of 7 volumes will be about Rs. 115000 1_
(one lakh and fifteen thousand rupees). Till now
provision has been made for about a lakh of rupees
from advance subscribers, loan and donations from the
Government of Bihar and Orissa, the Patna University,
the Maharajas of Mayurbhanja, Jeypore, Patna, Parla-
kimedi, Kalahandi, the Rajas of Bond, Athmallik,
Khallikote, Keonjhar, Cbikati, the Mahant of Emar
(
* * *
)
Math, and other generous donors. Now that the end is
in sight, 1 hope that the balance required to bring put
the last volume and settle and clear off the outstanding
liabilities and loans incurred* for this work, will be
forthcoming from donors who have not yet paid
their promised quotas, from donors who have not
contributed handsomely on account of the apprehen-
sion that the undertaking may not be brought to its
last volume, and from patrons of learning and
literature who have not yet been pleased to extend
their patronage to this work, as all of them may
now be satisfied that the completion of the work
T will be an accomplished fact by this time next year
if they or any of them come forward to give the last
push. J look with confidence to the following patrons
of learning to put the coping stone on this national
temple of learning: —
The Government of Orissa (whose Governor laid
the foundation stone of this work and is now in our
midst to see the coping stone laid on the dome).
R aj Jejemata srimati Dambarudtiar Priya Debi of
Bamra, the grandmother of the Rajasaheb of Bamra
State and the widow of the late Raja Sachidananda
Tribhuban Deb (whose love for the Oriya literature &
whose charity are well known throughout Orissa,
and who has been approached with an appeal for help
through her son, the Gajapati Rajasaheb of Puri, her
Igrandsonthe Rajasaheb of Bamra, her brothers-in-
law, the Eaja sahebs of Bonai and Talcher,
Raja Bhanuganga Tribhubana Deb, Ruler,* Bamra
State (with whose family the compiler has been
connected by ties of literary pursuit for five genera*.
tions, now that the compiler has seen the birth of
his son and heir i and who at this you^g age has
given sure indications that he will maintain the high
literary tradition of the family),
Maharaja Sudhansu Sekhar Singha Deo, Ruler,
Sonepur State (to whom the compiler and his labours
have been well known since his boyhood and who is
sure to shed lustre on the illustrious house of
Sonepur),
Raja -Adity a Pratap Singh Deo, Ruler, geraikella
State (whose grandfather, the late Maharaja Udit
Narayan Singh Deo promised in 1930 to help the
work, but was not spared to redeem his promise
and whose Jubaraj is one of the most promising
graduates).
Maharaja Brajamohan Deb of Kalahandi (whose
initial help of Rupees one thousand in 192S enabled
me to begin the revision of the original manuscripts
and who has subscribed for 25 sets of the work in
advance),
F
Raja Balabhadra Narayan Bhanja Deo, Ruler,
Keonjhar State (who has subscribed for 10 sets of the
work besides having donated Rs 500/-)
Raja Dharanidhar Inira Dso Deb, Raja Saheb ani
Ruling Chief of Bonai State (who has promised to
render help and who has been from time to time
making enquiries about the progress of the work,
and whose sincere appreciation of the wo rk the
compiler came to know during his recent visit to the
State, and who has voluntarily promised to bring the
requirements of the work to the notice of the Raj,
Grand mother of Bamra.)
' Raja Kishore Chandra Bhanja Deo, Ruling Chief
Dasapalla, (who has promised help.)
Gajapati Raja Ramichandra Deb of Puri,
Raja Bahadur Ramchandra Mardaraj Deb, Raja
Saheb of Kballikote ( who has already donated
Rs. 1000/-)
>
Raja Kishore Chandra Birabara Harichandan,
Ruling Chief of Talcher State ( the literary pursuits
of whose family seem to run in the blood of every
scion thereof includin t, even the young Tikayatt a
Sabib Soubhagya Chandra Deb, and who has promised
to reader help),
Rai Bahadur Bhuyan Bhaskar Chandra Mohapatra
of Balasore (with whom the compiler and his principal
collaborator have been connected by ties of god-
relationship and who has made handsome contributions
for the revival of ancient Oriya literature and for
many a noble cause).
Mahant Gadahar Ramaauja Das, the Mahant of
Emar Math (who has made a payment of rupees one
thousand and promised to pay rupees one thousand
more, the balance of his donation, and whose liberality
has been extended to almost all movements of public
utility and spread of knowledge in Orissa.)
Any one of these favoured sons of Goddess Lakshmi
is strong enough to shoulder the burden of bringing
out the 7th Volume and thus to put the coping stone
on the national edifice, which will one day be deemed
as a landmark in the history of the Oriya language
and literature.
r«sr
Captain Maharaja Sri Krushna Ch. Gajapati Narayan Deb,
Maharaja of Pariakimedi, District CJanjam.
fi|<G$6> ^QQ ClfiflQ
ti?!Q& fii SI «i ^
feSF
a «
k3*
( ix )
The Price of the work
The advance price for a whole set has from time
to time changed from Rs 30/. toRs 115/-, as the comp-
lete set was found out to swell from 2 volumes to 7
volumes. The subscribers who pay the then fixed
advance price are being supplied with the whole set
of 7 volumes without any further charge. It is for
them and not for the compiler to decide if they can
justly pay more than what they have already paid.
I'he advance price fixed on the publication of the
5th volume was Rs 1151— for a whole set. The sub-
scribers who subscribed in advance and made pay-
ment had to take my word on trust. Now that the
6th volume is published and the publication of the las*:
and seventh volume is witbia sight t the price of a
whole set of 7 volumes is finally fixed at Rs 150/-
(one hundred and fifty rupees), provided that subscri-
bers registering their names and making payment
before the 7 th volume is out will get a discount of
12 per cent, i.e. they will have to pay Rs 132/- ( one
hundred and thirty two rupees only ),
Subscribers purchasing any volume separately
will have to pay Rs 25/- per volume, With subscrL
bers of slender income eg sy monthly instalments may
be arraoged, as has been done in some cases already
Expected completion of the work.
The ma'erials and the copies for the press for the
7th volume are now lying ready after faircopying. The
last volume will contain words beginning with g
(Dental sa) & 9 (Ha), the letter <a (ksha) having found
place alphabetically after the letter 9 (ka) # A Supple-
ment, containing words, notes and new informations
Bhashakosha Asrama,
Bhashakosha Lane
Cuttack, Orissa.
31 9t June, 1937 #
}
available to me since the * earlier volumes were
published, to-gether with errors which have been
brought to my notice, has been- prepared. It is hoped
to find place for the. above at the end of the last
volume.
The last volume is expected to be be out by this
time next year.
Thanksgiving.
To all my colleagues, supporters, correspondents,
wellwishers, sympathisers, helpers and patrons and
generous critics I tender my thanks. I tender my
homage and loyalty to Their Most Gracious Majesties
Kmg George VI and Queen Elizabeth and to the
Viceroy & to His Majesty's representative in our New
Province, Sir John Austen Hubback, who is the foste
father of this undertaking and whose presence in our
midst and whose paternal interest in the progress of
the work have brightened the hope of its completion.
Lastly* my grateful homag ■ is due to the Great
Benevolent Father who has brought me so far and
who, 1 hope, will grant me strength, patience and me.
ans to bring the labours of 22 years of my life to a
successful close.
The Almighty Being has brought the publication of
the successive volumes of the Oriya lexicon and the
formation of the Orissa province, pari passu, to their
present stages; and He in His Grace will bring about
the unobstructed completion of the former and th
harmonious working of the latter; and then the Oriya
language and the Oriya nation will come to occupy
their legitimate places of honour in the eyes of the
civilized world a t no distant date. Amen.
Gopal Chandra Pkahahaj
Compiler^
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PURNNACHANDRA
• •
ORDIA BHASHAKOSHA
( A lexicon of the Oriya language )
Volume VII— (The last two letters— Sa & Ha)
Compiler— Rai Bahadur G. C. Praharaj, B. L,
Sahitya bhushana (A* R. £/.), Kaiser~I-Hind f
Advocate, Patna High Court, Cuttack, B. N* Ry. Orissa, (India).
Principal Colleague and Publisher— Srimatl PitaiXlbari Debi
Printed by P. Kar,
THE UTKALA SAHiTYA PRESS,
CUTTACK.
194Q.
^%0$e%l
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The August Dedicatee of the 7th Volume of the Oriy^ Lexicon,
His Excellency The Right Hon'ble Marquis of Lirijithgbw,
Viceroy and Governor Genera) of India-
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To
His Excellency, The Right Honourable
THE MARQUIS OF LINLITHGOW, P.t, K.T., G.M.S.L, G.M.I.E.
VICEROY & GOVERNOR GENERAL OF INDIA,
whose keen personal solicitude for the welfare and progress of His Majesty's Indian subjects,
expressed in multifarious ways, even before His Excellency assumed the reins of
Viceroyalty, supplemented by the most unselfish labour of love of
HER EXCELLENCY, THE MARCHIONESS OF LINLITHGOW
in redressing and retarding the progress of tuberculosis in India,
has made Their Excellencies dear to the Princes and the people of India and has marked
His Excellency's rule as one of the very few golden periods in the history of Modern India, and
whose sincere and spontaneous appreciation of the mother-tongue of 15 millions of
His Majesty's most loyal and law abiding Oriya subjects has prompted His Excellency to make liberal
personal contribution towards th« completion of this national monument, and but for whose generosity
and personal interest it would not have been^possible for the stranded poor compiler to bring the
labours of 27 years of his humble life to successful termination and put the coping stone on this
National Temple of Learing,
The Seventh (and the last) volume
of
PURNNACHANDRA
• •
0RD1A BHASHAKOSHA
(Quadrilingual dictionary of the Oriya language) is,
with His Excellency's most gracious permission,
DEDICATED
as an humble mark of affectionate regard, by one who is proud to count
His Excellency and Her Excellency as the pre-eminent
Patrons of the Oriya Lexicon, and who subscribes
himself to be His Majesty's most humble
and loyal subject and Their
Excellencies' humble
admirer.
G C. Praharaj,
Compiler
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The Illustrious Patroness of the 7th Volume of the Oriya Bhasha.
Her Excellency, Marchioness Linlithgow.
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The Layer of the Foundation of the Bha shako sha^ ,yjv
His Excellency Sir John Austen Hubback, M, A., K. C. S. L, 1. C, S,
THE FIRST GOVERNOR OF ORISSA.
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INTRODUCTION TO VOLUME ¥11
OF THE
PURNNACHANDRA ORDIA BHASHAKOSHA.
Completion at last ; —
My lifelong devotion to the Oriya language —
a language noted for its hoary age, its rich store of
vocabulary, its precious . gems of classical literature,
its melodious metres, its correct pronunciation — which is
spoken by no less than 15 millions of people living in
five Provinces (Orissa, Bihar* Bengal, Central Provinces
and Madras) and the Eastern States Agency and has
earned the admiration of many a foreign scholar, made
me dream* of compiling an encyclopaedic dictionary^ the
absence of which was, to . my mind, not a slight
reproach on it," Having resolved to'fill up the want
I began collecting materials from various sources and
localities in 1913,, arranging them alphabetically in 1917
and compiling the manuscripts in 1919. in my sister-
in-law Srimati Pitambari Debi I got an energetic and
devoted colleague/ but for whom I could not have
succeeded in my endeavours. With her help I finished
the manuscripts in 1927.
The quadrilingual Oriya lexicon in 7 volumes
covers 9250 (nine thousand two hundred and fifty)
pages of dictionary matter, Royal Quarto* which
deal with 1,85 jOOO (one lakh and eighty five thousand)
words and phrases used in the Oriya language in the
Oriya' speaking areas of India and gives the English
transliteration of every word and the derivation or root,
Oriya and English meanings and Bengalee and Hindi
synonyms in those scripts respectively.
The manuscripts were, at the instance of th
Government of Bihar and Orissa, examined by the
Director of Public Instruction and by experts who
estimated that they would, when printed, occupy
3600 Pages in 2 Volumes and would cost about
Bs 40,000/% The matter came up before the Legis-
lative Council of Bihar and Orissa. My esteemed friend
and class mate, Dewan Bahadur Srikrushna Mahapatra,
then M.LC, strongly urged that in view of its usefulness
the work should receive liberal financial help from the
Government. The Government of Bihar and Orissa
made a grant of Jialf the amount, leaving me to raise
the other half from other sources. - But when the work
of printing progressed it was gradually found that the
bulk and consequently the cost, of publication' would
swell, till at last the work has covered seven volumes
in 9250 pages of dictionary matter and about 250 pages
of other matters and has cost about one lakh and fifty
thousand rupees.
This was not a small performance, I am now
nearing my seventieth year; but I have never felt myself
unequal to the task laid on mej and during these long
27 years I have never wavered in my devotion" to the
work. For this strength of mind 1 again bow to the
Lord.
t ... . ■.;-■- Y
The word collection began in 1913.
The printing of the first volume was begun in 1929,
and through the Grace of the Almighty Father and
the Master the printing of the last word of the last
volume was finished in 1940 (August). It will there^
fore be' seen that, this has been "the product of twenty
seven years' labour.
As the work progressed I felt that I : would not b e
able to do justice to it unless I concent rated all * my
attention and energy on it; and this induced me to give
up a tolerably lucrative practice in the Bar and toil day
and night. Colleagues 1 had, but the burden lay on
my head. What was most embarassing to me was the
huge sum of money required for its production.
Fortunately I succeeded,,., through the strong recommen-
dation.of His Excellency Sir John Austen Hubbaek,
M. A., K. C S, I, I. C. S. (who was in 1927-28 the
Commissioner of. the Orissa Division and at the instance
of Mr. N. F. Peck, C. B. E, I. C» S, then Collector of
Cuttack, kindly inspected the manuscripts and was
greatly pleased with them), in enlisting . the t sympathy
and financial support of. the Government and the
princes and noblemen, patrons of learning and literature
of Orissa of whom mention will be made- later ; but
great was my distress when the contributions ran short,
and at one stage in the middle of the work 1 had to
( 8 )
part with my residential house in the town. I have now
earned the satisfaction of seeing my labours brought to
successful termination and feeling that, humble as I
am, I am leaving to my countrymen an heirloom of
which they will justifiably feel proud and have rendered
some service to my mother- tongue which I hold sacred.
1 bow to the Lord*
CONTENTS OF THIS AND OTHER VOLUMES :
The following list gives detailed information about the successive volumes.
Volume. Date of
publication
T,
ontents
No. of
pages
Dedicatee
Patron
Remarks
I
September, 1931
The 13 vowels
II
III
IV
V
VI
VI!
August, 1932
May, 1933
June, 1934
March, 1936
June, 1937
Sept , 1940
Total 7
volumes
1931*1940
6 consonants
(Ka to Na)
1193
1268
12 consonants
(Cha to Tha)
4 consonants
(Da to Pa)
4 consonants
(Pha to Ma)
6 consonants
(Ja to Sha)
1162
1572
H. E. Sir J. A.
Hubback, M. A.,
Ki Ct S. I., I. C* b.
N. F. Peck Esq.
H. E. Sir H. L.
Stephenson, K.C. S. I.,
K. C; 1* t., I* V^* b*|
Governor of B §* O.
Raja Sri N.P. Deb
Ruler, Baudh State.
H. E, Sir James
David Sifton, K,C.S,L,
Governor of B &■ O.
Sahitya Samrat,
Maharaja Vikrama
Dev Varma, D. [jtu
Maharaja of Jeypore.
1446
T262
2 consonants
(Sa and Ha)
1345
13 vowels and
34 consonants
9248
Captain Maharaja
K. C. Gajapati Narayan
Dev, ParalakimedL
Maharaja R, N.
Singh Deo, Ruler, Patna
State.
H, E. Marquis of
Linlithgow, Viceroy
and Governor General
of India.
The Dedicatee.
E. C. Gibson Esq,
C. I.E^I C.S. Agent
to G. G., Eastern
States Agency,
Sahitya Samarat
Maharaja V, D. Varma
of Jeypore.
Extra 23
pages of
printed matter.
Extra 19
pages
Extra 23
pages
Extra 31
pages
. Extra 23
pages
The Dedicatee •
H. E» Marchioness
Linlithgow,
__ _. -* H ■ ■
Extra 51
pages
"Extra80
■MM*
pages
Extra 250
e*S2
This last volume deals with the 2 last letters of
the alphabet, namely g (Sa) and <? (Ha). Words
beginning with the letter (Sa) occupy 991 pages of this
volume, this being the letter with the largest number of
words. The compound letter 9 (Ksha) is learnt by
beginners at the end of the alphabet, but phonetically
it comes after the first consonant (Ka); and so words
beginning with that letter have been given after the
words beginning with (Ka) (Vide pages 1843 to 1880 of
volume- II).
The 6th volume had brought the collection of
words and phrases to one lakh and 60 thousand. The
last volume contains about 25000 words and phrases,
thus bringing the total number to one lakh and
85 thousand.
It will not be out of place to mention here that
while the successive volumes were going through the
Press, about 5000 (five thousand) provincial(dialectical) ,
technical, scientific and popular words to which I had
no access before, came to my notice, I have
compiled them alphabeticallyt I am sure that a thorough
search throughout the Oriya-speaking areas, now lying
scattered in four Provinces (Bengal, Bihar, Madras and
the Central Provinces) and the Oriya'speaking States,
and an overhauling of technical, popular, modern and
scientific words, coined in the sister languages to cope
with the advance of science and knowledge, will bring
to light a number of new words to the tune of another
ten thousand.
If God and the Master be pleased to vouchsafe to
me strength, health, help and resource's, I or some one
i.
ffl.
fl r- .=.r
Raja Ki shore Chandra Birabara Harichandan,
Talcher
Patayet Pram ode Chandra De 1
of Talcher
Sfcl^Qi ge^rVTO, GW, Ol»GfiQ
Q
S3SSESOS8
Sri Sri Sri Braja Sunder Deb, Raja Saheb, Aul Estate,
The Proprietor of the famous late Aul -Raj Circus.
ft Q&iiyO© til dl 31 gG^QQ gqo
qcri qigsq, sift
KSPGQ 'SBft QG? flrftfQ GtfS! 6 OQGLW
32
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younger and more energetic than myself may bring out
a supplementary volume which will bring up the total
number of words to 2,00,000 (two lakhs), a vocabulary
of which any Indian language— nay, any language on
the face of the earth — may feel proud.
For instance, during my visit to the headquarters
of the Aul Estate (Dt. Cuttack) last June (1940), Sri Sri
Brajasundar Dev, the versatile and accomplished Raja
Saheb of the Estate gave me a list of fifty nautical terms
which were in vogue when Aul was one of the centres
of the building of sea-going vessels, but which were not
available to me when 1 compiled the work. The Raja
Saheb said he could supply several hundreds of Oriya
words relating to shipping, boats and ships, fishing, nets
and heraldry, which were current when the above
occupations were thriving in our country and which are
gradually losing currency and will soon disappear if not
recorded.
The Title :—
The title of the work has the name of
'Purnnachandra 3 in memory of the late Maharaja
Purnna Chandra Bhanja Deo of Mayurbhanj State, in
deference to the wish of his younger brother, Maharaja
Sir Pratap Chandra Bhanja Deo, K.C.I.E., Ruler, Mayur-
bhanj State, who came forward 10 years ago to supple-
ment the original Bihar and Orissa Government grant
with a liberal donation followed by another liberal
donation four* years ago.
Dedicatees : —
The 1st volume has been dedicated. to H, E. Sir
John Austen Hubback, M. A., K. C S. I., I. C, S , the
first Governor of the Orissa Province, who has been
the foster-father of this undertaking and who virtually
laid the foundation-stone of this national temple of
learning 13 years ago when he, while Commissioner of
the Orissa Division, first paid a visit to the Bhashakosha
Lodge, by recommending to the Government of Bihar
&• Orissa a grant of half the then requirement. His
services to the Bhashakosha will be referred to later
on.
The 2nd volume was dedicated to Mr. N. F.
Peck, C B. E, L C. S, who was for some time Collector
of Cuttack and then Commissioner of the Orissa
Division. After the creation of the Orissa Province he
has adorned a high official position in Bihar. It was
in
he, who had brought the manuscripts to the notice of
Sir John.
The 3rd volume was dedicated to Raja Narayan
Prasad Deb, Ruler, Baudh State, who had liberally
contributed towards the cost of publication of that
volume.
When the time came for the dedication of the
4th volume I had ambitiously thought of His Most
Gracious Majesty, the King Emperor, but was sorely
disappointed to learn from the late Sir Courtney Terrel,
Chief Justice of the Patna High Court, who was one
of the illustrious patrons of the work and who enquired
about the feasibility of my proposal in England, that
this proposal had no chance of being entertained,
owing to the fact that the earlier volumes had been
dedicated to persons of lesser status.
The 4th volume was dedicated to Sahitya Samrat
Maharaja Vikrama Dev Varma D. Litt. of Jeypore, Dt.
Koraput, who has been my friend for the last 40 years.
He has not only very liberally rendered financial
assistance but has supplied words and written articles
for the Bhashakosha. He is a great patron of learning
and a great personality in the field of Oriya and Telegu
Literature. His services will be referred to later
on-
The 5th volume was dedicated to Maharaja
Krushnachandra Gajapati Narayan Dev, Maharaja
of Paralakimidi, who will be remembered in the history
of modern Orissa as the proposer of a separate Orissa
Province in the First Round Table Conference in
England.
The 6th volume was dedicated to Maharaja
Rajendra Narayan Singh Deo, Ruler, Patna State, who
very generously came forward to meet the major
portion of the cost of bringing out that volume.
This last volume has the unique privilege of
being dedicated to His Excellency, the Right Honour*
able Marquis of Linlithgow, P. C, K. T., G, M. S. !.»
G. M. I. E., Viceroy and Governor-General of India.
This privilege, as far as I know, has not fallen to the
lot of any other Indian vernacular. Later on I shall
relate how the work has been able to secure the
patronage of H. E., the Viceroy. This last volume has
also the unique distinction of securing the patronage of
Her Excellency, Marchioness Linlithgow, which has
fallen to the lot of few works of this class.
t *v ]
Tbe bestowal of patronage on this national monument
by His Majesty's August Representative,
H» £. Marquis Linlithgow and
H. £. Marchioness
Linlithgow.
It would be interesting to the people of
Orissa to know how the work was able to secure this
unique privilege* When after the publication of the
6th volume I decided to go to Simla personally to place
the same in the hands of its dedicatee, Maharaja
Rajendra Narayan Singh Deo, Ruler, Patna State, who
was then passing the summer there, the idea of present-
ing a set of the work personally to H. E, the Viceroy
occurred to me. I approached H. Et Sir John Hubback
and solicited his advice. H, E. was not sure that
an interview could be arranged at such short notice,
but advised me to apply to the Military Secretary and
take my chance, I followed his advice* I arrived at
Simla and waited for a reply. On enquiry at Simla
I learnt that the Viceroy had been out on tour and no
one there knew when H. E. would return; but, as good
luck would have it, H. E* returned on the 8th August
1937 and the interview was graciously fixed for the 10th.
I went to the Viceregal Lodge at the appointed time
with the 6 volumes already published. His Excellency
received me very warmly and granted me a long
audience^ I handed over the volumes, one by one,
after reading out the presentation inscriptions therein*
H. E. took the volumes one by one and kept them
arranged on the desk in front of him and bade me sit
down. H. E. scanned the volumes and said in a very
affectionate manner i — "Well, now let me hear some-
thing about your famous Dictionary, your Oriya
language and yourself 1 . I pulled up my resources and
went on telling H. E. the age and peculiarities of the
Oriya language, the extent of its use as a mother tongue,
the richness of its vocabulary and its metres and the
fullness of its phonetic pronunciation. In support of
my submissions I read out passages from the Introduc-
tions and the body of the different volumes and the
illustrations of the different meanings of some Oriya
verbs and their idiomatic usages. H, E. continued to
turn over the pages of the different volumes and
scan the photographs reproduced therein, while 1 went
on explaining to him what the individual originals of
the photographs had done for the dictionary. H. E,
then graciously enquired about the history of the
undertaking, the duration of my labour and the
financial and other resources and the patronage
of the Local Government and specially of H. E. Sir
John Hubback, which had enabled me to come so
far. "I had ho idea of the richness and melodiousness
of your language and its age" remarked His Excellency,
Then carne the question of dedication of the last
volume which would bring my labour of 25 years to
its conclusion. I said that it would be presumptious on
my part to aspire to dedicate it to His Excellency, *l
would deem it a matter of great pleasure to be so
associated with this wonderful production of which, I
am sure, your nation will feel proud" was the gracious
reply of H. E», I was so overjoyed on hearing this, that
I sprang on my legs and, forgetting myself, actually
danced before H. E., and laying my hands on the
person of H* E., exclaimed "Today is a red letter day
in the history of the Oriya nation when the August
Representative of His Most Gracious Majesty graces iis
national monument of learning with H. E/s patronage.
May God shower His choicest blessings on Your
Excellency and on His Majesty, whose Viceroy you
are*** H. E. said "The Viceroy has never lent his
name to any such undertaking^ but considering the
excellence of the work and the herculean labour the
compilation has involved, I lend my name unhesiia-
tingly to this marvellous production of yours/*
I expressed my gratefulness to H. E. and offered
my homage to His Majesty, by reciting the Sanskrit
Sloka from Manu, which means that the King exists as
the human embodiment of the Great God : —
•flM GW>! GWI <X*q&EWI Q%Q f
His Excellency then bade me a most cordial
'Au Revoir', hoping to meet me again in Orissa which
H. E. was proposing to visit the following year. Thus
ended the memorable interview which secured for the
Oriya language the patronage and good wishes of
His Majesty's August Representative in India,
During the interview I heard a tiny bell ring
more than once. When after the interview I went to
the room of the Private Secretary Mr. J. G. Laithwaite,
C- I. E., I. C. S„ to pay him my respects, he naively
and humorously remarked that I had monopolised more
than half an hour of H. E.'s time. I told him that I
was only answering H. E.'s questions. He told me
that H» E. the Viceroy had been so gracious to me not
only because I deserved it but also because Sir John
Hubback had spoken very highly of me over the
phone.
*t> jr ^>^ ■*^j»- # *-
5
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t
]
Soon after my return from Simla I received a
communication from the Private Secretary acknowledge
J ng with thanks the receipt of the 6 volumes of the work
presented toH.Ei and intimating that H. EL was pleased
to accept the dedication of the seventh volume to him,
I. may mention here that H. E* has since then
evinced a keen personal interest in the progress of the
7thj/olume,by more than once sending his good wishe
for its early completion and making liberal personal
donation thrice, H. E. visited Cuttack at the end of
July, 1939, only one month before the . outbreak of the
VYar; and though the visit was very brief and though
H. E, had a very busy time here, I was granted an
interview, at which H. E, enquired regarding the
progress of the work and wished its speedy completion ,
Besides the Dedicatee, each volume of the work
has a Patron of it own. The first six volumes had
different Patrons, In grateful recognition of the
memorable service Her Excellency has been rendering
to the people of India in retarding the progress of
Tuberculosis in India, 1 cherished the idea of constitut-
ing Her Excellency Marchioness Linlithgow the
Patroness to this volume. I happened to be in Calcutta
during the visit of Their Excellencies in December, 1937.
1 then applied for an interview with 9 Their Excellencies
for soliciting. Her Excellency's patronage for the 7th
volume, Though an interview could not be arranged,
all engagements having been drawn up long before
Their Excellencies^ visit to Calcutta, Her Excellency
promptly permitted me to constitute her the Patroness,
for this volume and favoured me with H» E'-s photo-
graph, which is reproduced in this volume.
My Colleagues and assistants in this volume •**-
The following have been my colleagues and
assistants in thepudlication of this volume : —
Srimati Pitambari Debi who has been my
colleague and helped me since the beginning and has
never grudged any assistance required of her during the
last 22 years.
Pandit Kulamani Das Kavaytirtha, Retired
Headpandit, Ravenshaw Collegiate School, (reviser).
Sri Satindra N. Rai, MA , B. L,D. Litt, Zamindar
of Lakhannath (supplier of Bengalee synonyms).
Sri Krushna Chandra Mishra, MA, B. L Pleader
Cuttack, (reviser) .
Pandit Suresh Chandra Jha, Assistant Teacher,
Fawcus Baisya Bidyalaya, Cuttack, (supplier of Hindi
synonyms).
Sri Bhubaneswar Misra of the Ambika book-
shop, (fair copyist). ,
Sri Jagannath Tripathi B. A./ B, T, Retired
Headmaster, Training School , Cuttack, (reviser).
Sri Krushna Chandra Kar, Reader, Government
Press, Cuttack. (fair copyist).
Pandit Satyakinkar Mukherjee, Assistant Teacher
P, M, Academy, (supplier of ^Bengalee synonyms).
Lai Saheb Sibanarayan Deo of Khariar (supplier
of dialectical words).
Pandit Narasingha Mahapatra, Samenta, Assistant
Teacher, P. M. Academy, (fair copyist).
Sj, Sashibhusan Rai, Secretary, Utkala ,Sahitya
Samaja, (supplier of words) •.
Sri Bichhanda Charan Patnaik B. A,* B,,L,
(reviser and faircopyist).
Sri Kabichandra Kali Charan Rattnaik (supplier
of words).
Sri Biswaksen Bahidar, Newspaper Represent
tative, Sambalpur, (supplier of dialectical words).
Sri Trilochan Patnaik, Newspaper Reporter,
Patna State, (supplier of dialectical words).
Sj Durga Charan Rai B. A, Sadar S. D. O.. Patna
State, (supplier of dialectical words).
Srimati Sumati Debi ( wife pf Sj. D.C. Rai ),
(supplier of dialectical words).
Sj. Jagannath Rao, Civil Court Commissioner,
Judge's Court, Cuttack, (supplier of words).
Master Jagabandhu Praharaj, foster-son jrf
Pitambari Debi and as well as mine, aged 10 years.
(When he finds an Oriya word new to him in the
playground or class, he runs to me and asks me to
find out if the word finds place in the dictionary.
Through his inquisitiveness I have added serp.e doyens.
of words to this volume),
Sj. Narayan Sathia, B. A., Head Reader, Qrissa
Government Press, (supplier of words).
Sj Dhaneswar Satpathi of Sahakar Press, Cuttack,
(supplier of words).
Mr. C, R. Battersby, M. B. E„ Superintendent,
Orissa Government Press, (adviser as to the printing
of blocks and binding).
Sj. Nandakishore Patel of Laida* Sambalpuri
(supplier of dialectical words).
[
Srimatj Rornoia^ Kar, Proprietressi U* S. Press,
Cuttack* (Printer)
Rai Saheb Bamadeb Misra, B. A*, Dewan,
Athmallik State, (supplier of dialectical words)
Sj. Kulamoni Kar, Manager, U. S. Press, Cuttack
(Proof corrector)
Babu Parikhit Khandual of Sambalpur, (supplier
of dialectical words)*
Srimati Aparnna Debi, Poetess, Puri* (supplier of
words)
Babu Batakrushna Praharaj, B. A., my younger
brother (supplier of words)*
Sj, Balakrushna Kar B. A., Proprietor, Saraswata
Press (maker of halftone blocks) .
S. Ziaullah, Photographer, Photo House,
Choudhury Bazar, Cuttack (photographer for this
work)
Manir Khan, Head' compositor, U# S, Press,
Gtfttack. (Supervisor of composing)
Azam Ali Khan, Daftry, Circuit Court, Cuttack
(supervisor of binding).
Sj. Rangalal Modi M. L. A» (supplier of paper)
Mr. E C. Ansorge C. I. E., I. C. S« Advisor to
H. E. The Governor of Orissa, has very kindly gone
through this Introduction and revised it.
era of articles for this volume.
Sahitya oamrat Maharaja Vikrama Dev Varma,
D. Litt, of Jeypore Samasthanam.
Professor B. V. Ray, Ravenshaw College,
Cuttack.
Pandit Kulamani Das Kabyatirtha, Government
Pensioner.
Poet Chandra Sekhar Das of Jajpur.
Sj. L. N. Sahu M. A, of the Servants of India
Society, Cuttack.
Abadhut Biswanath Baba, Missionary Satya
Mahima Dharma.
Professor Baikoli Mahaptra, Jyotisha Visarada of
Khallikote.
Dr. Natabara Mahanti, Principal, College o^
Homeopathy, Cuttack.
Sj. J. Tripathi B, A. B. T, Govt, Pensioner.
Sj« Bichhanda Charan Patnaiki B. A» 9 B. L,
Dr. Kailash Chandra Rao, Cuttack.
Patayet Balabhadra Dhir of Madhupur Estate.
Kabichandra Kalicharan Patnaik, Cuttack.
Sj. Jagabandhu Singh, M« L- A of Puri.
vi J
Mahamohopadesaka Sri Sundranand Bidyabinod
B. A of Satehidananda Math, Cuttack.
Sj, Manmohan dhosh B. L M Pleader, Cuttack.
Sj. Prafuila Chandra Patnaik, Sub Registrar
Orissa.
Sj. Banshidhara Mahanty, Office Superintendent
Keonjhar State,
Pandit Ramchandra Misra, Head Pandit, Rama
Krushna Tol, Puri.
Sj* Kedar Nath Mahapatra, B. A., Dip. Ed.
Bhubaneswar.
Sj, Jogendra Nath Das, Cuttack,
Distinguished Visitors.
Hon 5 ble Justice §, P. Varma, Patna High Court,
Sj. Priyaranjan Sen M» A, P« R. S. Kabyatirtha of
the Calcutta University.
Maharaja Rajendra N. Singh Deo, Ruler, Patna
State, accompanied by Raja Sankar Pratap Mahindra
Bahadur, Ruler, Dhenkanal State.
Sri Ramachandra Gajapati Deb, M. L. A. ftaja
Saheb of Badakhemindi Estate.
Lai Artatran Deb M. L. A., Raja Saheb of
Khariar State.
Raja Kishore Chandra Birabara Harichandan,
Ruler, Talcher State.
Srijukta Thakkar Bapa,
Raja Dharanidhar Indra Deo Deb, Ruler, Bonai
State.
Lt, Colonel G* Verghese, D. P» H» and I. G. of
Prisons, Orissa.
Rai Saheb M. N. Basu, Late Du Magistrate,
Cuttack.
Sj. Biswanath Das B. A„ B. L., Ex. Prime-
Minister, Orissa.
Sj. Harendra Nath Dutta M. A., B. L.» Vedanta
Ratna, Vice President, Theosophical Society, Calcutta.
Sj. G. N. Gokhale, I. E. S. (retired), General
Secretary Indian Section of Theosophical Society,
Benares.
Sj. Radhakanta Saran, Assistant Commissioner of
Income-tax, Patna.
Sri Gopal Chandra De B. L., Assistant Sessions'
Judge, Orissa,
C, R. Battersby Mt B. E, Superintendent, Orissa
Government Press,
s
Lai Si ban a ray an Deb, Kb aria r
Sre email Baidehi Kumari Debl,
wife of Bara Lai Saheb, Khariar
I*al Sri Artatran Dev. M. L. A. Raja Saheb of Kharior
Jubaraj Sri Art up Sin^ha Dev, Khariar
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Financial supporters of this volume ■
The financial assistance of the under mentioned
contributors enabled me to bring out this volume, which,
owing to various reasons, was delayed by 3£ years and
consequently cost about 50% more than the previous
volumes. '
H. E. the Right Hon'ble Marquis of Linlithgow,
Viceroy and Governor-Genera! of India; H, E, Sir John
Austen Hubback, Governor of Orissa; Ranee
Damarudhara Priya Devi, grandmother of the Ruler and
her grandson Raja Bhanuganga Tribhubana Dev, Bamra
State; Raja Sri Krushna Chandra Singh Mandhata,
Ruler Nayagarh State; Raja Aditya Pratap Singh Deo,
Ruler Seraikela State; Raja Balabhadra Narayan Bhanj
Deo, Ruler Keonjhar State (who had also contributed
for. the previous volumes); the Ex— Congress Ministry
of Orissa; Sri mati Baidehi Kurnari Debi (wife of Lai
Sibanarayan Deb, Bara Lai Saheb, Khariar Estate
who had contributed liberally towards the 6th
volume); Jubaraj Anup Singh Deo of Khariar Estate
(whose father, Lai Artatran. Singh Deo M. L. A,, Raja
Saheb of Khariar Estate had contributed for the sixth
volume); Raja Kishore Chandra Birabar Harichandan,
Ruler Talcher State; Raja Kishore Chandra Deb, Ruler
Athmallik State ( who, since the publication of the
1st volume has been rendering financial help almost
every year); Raja Radhanath Dev Varma, Ruler,
Athgarh State; Raja Ramachandra Mardaraj Dev
Bahadur M. L. A, Raja Saheb of Khallikote, • Athgarh
and Biruli Estates C who had also contributed for
volume'3); Raja Dharanidhar Indra Deo Dev, Ruler, Bona!
State; Raja Kishore Chandra Deo Bhanj, Ruler Dasapalla
State; Sri Sri Sri Braja Sunder Dev, Raja Saheb
of Aul Estate; Sri Maheswari Prasad Dev, Raja
Saheb Lanjigarh Estate; Adhikari Brundaban Das
Goswami> Mahanta of Oriya Math, Puri; Sri
Chowdhury Mrutyunjaya Narayan Praharaj Mandahta,
Zamindar, Irda Praharaj Estate Baiasore; Rai Saheb
Chowdhury Nrusingha Charan Mahapatra of Jajpur;
Rai Saheb Giridhari Lai Moda, Merchant, Cuttack;
Professor Bipin Binary Ray, M. A, Ravenshaw College.
Cuttack; Raja Birabara Krushna Chandra Singh
Bajradhara Narendra Mahapatra, Ruler, Ranpur
State, Patayet Pramode Chandra Dev of Talcher; Sj.
Joyadyalji Goenka, Proprietor, Gita Press, Gorakhpur^
U, P; Sri Motilal Pandit Zamindar, Cuttackj Sri Ram
Lochan Saran, Proprietor Pustak^Bhandar, Laheria Serai,
Darbhanga; Sri Jagannath Satpathi of Nakuapara, Dt.
Puri; Sri Satyabadi Hota, Landholder of Sakhigopal;
Rai Bahadur Manmathanatha Dev of Baiasore;
Sree Ramachandra Gajapati Dev Mt L. C. Rajasaheb
of Bodokhemidi; Sri Purnna Chandra Harichandan
Jagadeb, Raja Saheb of Surangi; Sri Jubaraj Jagannath
Dev of Sukinda Estate, Sri Jagannath Rajamani
Rajdeo, Raja Saheb of Mandasa State, Srimati Suniti
Kurnari Debi (widow of the late Rai Bahadur Bhuyan
Bhaskar Chandra Mahapatra of Ertal, Bhadrak )
who has made a decent donation in commemoration of
her husband.
The following have made payments of sums
promised by them towards the cost of publication of
volume 6th : —
Maharaja Rajendra Narayan Singh Deo, Ruler
Patna State; U marsh i Haridas, Contractor, Patha
State; Sri Khandapati Achhutananda Panda of Patna
State; Lai Raghuraj Singh and Sadanand Singh Bhoi
of Patna State; Rai Saheb Sankarsan Gartia of Kolabira
Estate; Lai Sadananda Singh, Raja Saheb of Bora*
sambar Padampur Estate (who has paid the balance of
his late father's promised donation); Mahanta Gadadhara
Ramanuja Das of Emar Math, Puri; Raja Sarat Chandra
Munipd, Ruler Pallahara State.
The other patrons of the work;—
H. E Sir John Austen Hubback, M. A, K. C. S.
I., I. C S. the first Governor of the Orissa Province,
has been connected with the work since the begin ning^
when H. E. was the Commissioner of the Orissa
Division 14 years ago. It was due to his strong
recommendation after examination of the manuscripts
hat the work secured the initial financial support of the
B 6- O Government.
As Chairman of the Banking Enquiry Committee,
as Chairman of the Orissa Administration Committee,
as Executive Councillor and Vice-President of the Execu^
tive Council B & O and finally as Governor of the
Orissa Province, wherever he has been, H, E has
bestowed his fostering care on it and has watched its
progress with paternal solicitude. To H. E. I owe the
introduction of this work to the most gracious notice of
H. E. the Viceroy and H. E. Marchioness Linlithgow,
It was due to H. E's recommendation that I was
presented with the Kaiser- 1- Hind medal and I secured
recognition by the bestowal of the title of Rai Bahadur.
The following words addressed to me by H °E. on 20,
1. 38 at a Public Durbar at Cuttack always ring in my
ears; —
( viii : )
"Rai Bahadur Gopi! Chandra Praharaj.
It is my confident hope that you will be able to
crown many years of service to education and literature
by the completion of the monumental dictionary which
has already made you known to scholars far beyond
the Province. You have made a notable contribution
to the study of language and paved the way for
a revival of Oriya culture. It is fitting that the energy,
enthusiasm and intellectual ability, which has added
lustre to the name of Utkal, should be recognised.
It gives me particular pleasure to invest with the title
of: Rai Bahadur, one whose friendship I made 12
years ago and have greatly valued ever since 5 '
Naturally Lady Hubback has been the foster-
mother of the undertaking. She was pleased to grant
an interview to my colleague Srimati Pitambari Debi
and appreciated the valuable assistance rendered by
her to this work for the last 20 years.
Mr. E. C. Ansorge, CLE, I. C. S, Adviser to
H. E, the Governor of Orissa, but for whose keen
solicitude for the completion of the work it would not
have been possible for me to finish the printing. He
had some hand, as Education Secretary to the Govern-
ment of Bihar and Orissa, in my securing a liberal
government grant 13 years ago; and now as Adviser
to H. E, the Governor of Orissa it was he who enabled
me to secure the wherwithal to finish the printing of
this volume.
While Poet Rabindra Nath Tagore was presented
with the title of Kabi-$amrat by the Andhra Research
University, Vizianagram, I, as a Fellow of the University,
presented a set of the work to the Poet. His apprecia^
tion couched in the following terms has made me
grateful to him : —
UTTARAYANA
20th July, 1938.
The Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha is an
encyclopaedic dictionary which has 'been found extre-
mely useful for the work of our Research Department
in the Viswabharati. The compiler Mr. G. C. Praharaj
and his collaborators deserve our sincere thanks for the
excellent work they have done.
Lt, Colonel Robson, Late Resident, Eastern
States Agency.
Sahitya Samrat, Maharaja Sri Vikram
Dev Varma, D. Litt., Maharaja of Jeypore.
The 4th volume was dedicated to the Maharaja.
His liberality enabled me to bring out the 5th volume.
The Maharaja has been connected with the work for
about 20 years. As a member of the Vernacula r
Development Committee, B & O, he first brought the
manuscripts to the notice of the Government. To him
the work owes its introduction to H. H. the Maharaja
of Travancore, H. H. the Maharani* Sethu Parba t!
Bai of Travancore and H. E, the Hon'ble Dr. Post
Wheeler, M. A, D. Litt«, Envoy of the United StateS
Government to the Government of India. To his
influence also I owe the successive titles of Sahitya
Bisarada and Sahitya Bhushana awarded by the Andhra
Research University of which the Maharaja is the
Chancellor.
Ranee Damarudhara Priya Debi, the accomplished
Senior Dowager Rani (Raj Jejemaja) Bamra State. Her
attainments and |the life of her consort the late Raja
Satchidananda Tribhubana Deb as well as of 3 other
Rulers of the Bamra House have been dealt with
under the words Satchidananda Deb and Sudhala Deb
of this volume. The Bamra House is the biggest
financial contributor to this volume,
Sj. Biswanath Das B. A., B. L, Ex-Prime
Minister 'and Sj. |Bodhram Dubey M. A., B. L. Ex-
Education Minister of Orissa were sympathetic "towards
this work, and it was in their tenure of office that the
Bhashakosha secured a Government grant.
Two successive Governors B. & O., successive
Agents to the Governor General and Residents,
Eastern States Agency, Commissioners, Political Agents,
Deputy Commissioners, Collectors, Directors of Public
Instruction and Secretaries to the Government of Bihar
and Orissa and of Orissa have extended their patronage
and good wishes to this as well as the previous
volumes of the work.
Bes towers of blessings and good wishes.
Swami Satchidananda Saraswati, Mahant of
Sankaracharya Math, Puri and Bhubaneswar.
Abadhut Biswanath Baba, Satyamahima Dharma
Missionary.
Pagla Baba and Baya Baba of the Orissa States
who visit the Asrarha unannounced and leave in the
same way.
Professor Baikoli Mahapatra, Jyotisha Visarada
Astronomer, Khallikote.
Pandit Jagannath Rath, Jyotishiratna, Bira-
balabhadrapur, Puri.
Sri Benjamin Mahanty of Peyton Sahi,
Cuttack*
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( ix )
Bestowers of blessing in heaven ;—
My father, the late Narasingha Praharaj, who, I
am sure j is blessing the work from heaven.
The late Mr. M. S. Das CLE, whose connec-
tion with this work has been alluded to in the 1st
volume.
The late Viswanath Kar, Proprietor of the U. S-
Press (in which this work has been printed) and Edito r
of the Utkal Sahitya (Magazine).
The late Pandit Nilamani Misra of Jajpur*
The late Utkalamani Pandit Gopabandhu Das, the
Founder of the Samaja paper, published an editorial in
his paper on 27' 8*27 when the manuscripts had just
been completed,, and solicited God's blessings on the
work. He must be feeling very happy in heaven on
seeing the completion,
My God-brother the late Chowdhury Ram
Narayan Praharaj Mandhata, Proprietor; Irda Estate,
District Balasore (who had been urging me to undertake
the compilation of a comprehensive Oriya Dictionary
(Vide-Introduction to Vol. 2), the want of which he was
keenly feeling, must now be happy in heaven on find-
ing that his unworthy elder brother has at last succeeded
in carrying out his wish.
Bestowal of honours, recognition, appreciation: —
Allusion has been made to the speech of His
Excellency Sir J. A* Hubback at the Durbar held on
20-1 '38 and to the appreciation of Poet Tagore.
The Cuttack Municipality, with Rai Saheb
Somanath Mahapatra as Executive Officer and Mr. R,
P. Ward I. C. S, as Dt. Magistrate in charge, honoured
the Bhasakosha by naming the former Normal School
Lane, in Ward No. 2 of the Cuttack Municipality, on
which the Bhasakosh Asrama stands, as the Bhasakosha
Lane,
The Andhra Research University, Vizianagram,
which had bestowed on me the title of Sahitya Bisarada
in 1936 has augmented the title by changing it to
Sahitya Bhusana at its Convocation held on 11-3-40.
The Andhra Research University has published my
article *The Oriya Language and Lexicon*' as a
University publication and presented a set of the work
to the California University.
The Principal, Raipur Rajkumar College did me
the honour by inviting me to deliver lectures to the
College on "History of Orissa and the Oriya
Language *\
Pandit Laxminarayan Misra of Sambalpur
published a poem in Oriya, appreciating my humble
work, in the Utkal Sahitya Magazine (Vol. 4 Nc. 3)
in July, 1937, The poem is quoted in the Oriya
Introduction.
Poet Ghintarmni Mahanty has honoured me by
publishing a poem appreciating my labours and has in-
cluded it in his Complete Work, This has also been
printed in the Oriya Introduction.
The "Indian Theosophist" (Editor Mr, G-
N. Gokhale) had the following appreciating article
about myself and the dictionary in its issue of March,
1939.
"Whatever time Orissa takes to come to its
own, it certainly has put its house in order, as far as
the language is concerned. Thanks to the herculean
labours of one man possessed with an idea, the Oriya
language can now boast of a Lexicon in 7 volumes. It
is altogether a very labourious undertaking; and it is
very interesting to remember that the original manuscript
was practically the unaided work of the compiler,
helped by his 'uneducated' Sister-in-law Srimati
Pitambari Debi, who, moving amongst illiterate villagers,
collected hundreds of new words* It took 14 years
from 1913 to 1927 to get the draft ready. This was then
thoroughly revised by a number of Pandits and publica*
tion was started in 1931, with the result given above*
I have left over the name of the compiler to be
mentioned last, as I do not want to make him blush,
but as it is already on the lexicon, I shall add that he
calls himself in this life Gopal Chandra Praharaj,
with a Rai Bahadur in the beginning and a -Sahitya
Bisarada at the end. The very street on which he lives
is called 'the Bhasakosha Lane'.
"The whole work has involved so much labour
not to speak of monetary sacrifice, that 1 wonde/ why
he did it at all* The only explanation I can suggest^
that he must have been an old Oriya grammarian
who felt pained at what his lingua had come to, or a
tyrannical conquerer who destroyed all the books of
the Oriya language centuries ago, and now wants to
pay off that debt. Whatever the reason, I know he
has achieved what I would never have attempted and
never got through. It reminds me of the bird which
set about emptying the ocean with its beak; and if I
ever build a temple to Patience, I shall not fail to put
tn it a statue of the Rai Bahadur.
X
X
('x )
It is interesting to rerord that: this Father of the
©riya language and his sister-in-law have joined the
Theosophical, Society only 4 months ago"." ■•••Madam
Sophia Wadia; Editor of the Indian P. E, N. Magazine,
Bombay, has published an appreciative notice of my
work in the; Magazine (Vol. IL No. 6). '
The Raja -Saheb of Talcher and Professor
Priyaranjan Sen M. A., P. R. S of the Calcutta
University very appreciatlngly alluded to my labours
in the Presidential addresses, delivered in the annual-
gatherings of the Utkal Sahitya Samaja in the years
t938^&* 1 940, Professor Sen's appreciation has been
reproduced in the Oriya Introduction.
",/Sj. S. B. Rath, Editor of the ' New Orissa' and
the *Asha* of; Cuttack; Sri A. Acharya, Editor of 'the
Oriya' of Berhampur;~Sj. LMisraM. A, Editor of the
'Samaja' of Cuttack; Sj. fy S. Patta Deo, Editor, of the
'Nabina' of Berharnpur; Lala N. K. Rai, Editor of the
'Desakatha' of Cuttack; the 'Statesman' of Calcutta,
and the 'Gardajat' Basini* of Talcher have taken appre-^
ciatiye notice of my labours.
Loss of my patrons, weliwishers
and colleagues :—
f. The late Mahananda Kar, Proprietor of
U. S. Press, Cuttack, in which this work has been
printed (who used to take a keen interest in the printing
like his late father V» Kar).
2. Tl>e later Sir Courtney Terrel, 'Chief Justice,:
Patria High Court,
3. The late Raja Rajendra Singh Barihaof
Bcrasambar Estate, Sambalpur.
4. The late Sri Khi rod Singh, Zamindar of
Atgaon, Patna State.
% The late *Amar Ballav Dey M. A., B. L,
State Judge, Bamra State.
6; The late Mrs. K. Ward, who, when she was
at Cuttack with Mr, R. P. Ward as Collector, visited
the Asrama and took a keen personal interest in the
progress of the work.
7. The late Rai Bahadur Bhuyan Bhaskar
Chandra Mahapatra, Labour Contractor and Zamindar
of Bhadrak District Balasore.
8. The late Prachya Vidya Maharnaba N.. NL,
Basu, Compiler of the Bengalee and Hindi
Encyclopedias.
Presentation copies^—
H. E. the Viceroy.
H. H. the Maharaja of Travancore, to whom
I .was introduced at Waltair by ', Sahitya - Samrat
Maharaja Bikram Dev Varma, D. Litt, in December
1937, honoured me by accepting a set of .the, work as
a present,
Poet R, N. Tagore.
The California University, U- S. A.
The Andhra Research University,- Vizianagram.
The Library of the Theosophical Society, Adyar,
Madras.
The authorities of the Ravenshaw College
Museum have accepted the manuscripts ( about 10Q
volumes ) of the Bhasakosha and have given, them a
place in the Museum.
Subscribers ;—
The work has got subscribers in some of the 1
Provinces of India, outside Orissa, as well as in Burma v
England, France, Germany, Italy, Norway,
The Support of the undertaking.
The support and blessing and help the work
has received from persons holding opposite
views : —
From a study of the progress of this work
through the successive volumes and the list of patrons,-
financial supporters, colleagues, assistants, .advocates,
appreciators, bestowers of blessing and volunteers
of this national work, it will be seen that persons
professing ; different views, political/ and religious
occupying different grades, social and educational,
rich and poor, high and low, old and young, Congress-
men, officials and non ^officials, persons 1 of > die world
and anchorites, Rajas and' subjects, Zarnindars and
raiyats, quarreling and litigating brothers, ladies, and
gentlemen, the Bench and the Bar, Swarajists and
Loyalists Rulers and Dewans, Title holders, arid plain
person^ Hindus, Muslims and:. Christians, Mahatma 7
Gandhi and the Viceroy, Residents arid ^Governors/
Adviser to the Governor and Ministers, Secretaries to the
Congress Ministry and to die Government, Executive
Councillors and members of the Assembly (Local
and Central ) teachers and students, graduates and
I ,JJ
e**>^©**>^
A
^t^^^^k^rr^^. Catf^
Raja Sri Radhanath Dev Vurma
Ruler, Afligarh State
^-s^^
***!*#
*<*«*,&&*
Rajn Sri Ki shore Chandra Dev
Ruler, Alhnnllik State
«Jl Q&LQI0 CW $£, aoaa qS^fl^Q
Rat Snheb Choudhiiry Nrtisingha
Charan Mahapatra. Jajpur
§@l si &3 ft s^iqm 6$9
Raja Sri Saratchandra Muntpal,
Ruler, Pal Labara State
£4
ra
Raj Sahcb Stfth
Gisidhiri Lai Mada. Cultack
( xi )
noivgraduates, Officers of the I. C. S. and of the P.C S,
Political! Agents and Divisional Commissioners have laid
aside their differences and personal equations in rendering
me help in the raising of this national temple of learning,
in every conceivable way, some by patronage, some by
propaganda, some by money, some by advocacy before
prospective helpers, some by contribution of articles,
some by appreciation and criticisim, some by advice
and some by blessing and good wishes, some by supply
of words and some by actual work.
Mahatma Gandhi had laid, his blessing hands on
the manuscripts; the late Utkalamani Gopabandhu
pronounced his benediction on the manuscripts; His
Excellency, the Governor of Orissa ( the dedicatee of
the 1st volume ) had laid the foundation-stone; H. E's
Adviser has put the coping stone on this edifice; H # E,
the Viceroy ( the dedicatee of the last volume ) has
put the finishing touch to it.
Two of the premier Oriya Rulers (Kalahandi and
Mayurbhanj) had made the initial contribution which
enabled me to begin the publication. Two of the
premier Ruling Houses of Orissa, namely Bamra and
Nayagarh, made the concluding contributions which
enabled me to bring out this volume.
Sympathisers wellwishers and volunteers.
The following gentlemen as sympathisers,
well wishers and volunteers have rendered me invaluable
help in doing propaganda work^ advocating and
defending the cause of the Bhasakosha, watching with
great interest the progress of the work through the press
and bringing it to the notice of prospective patrons and
securing subscribers But for the host of these sincere
wel 1 wishers I would not have succeeded in bringing
this costly undertaking to completion : — (alphabetically).
Rai Bahadur A^K.^Bose, Retired Distirct Magistrate,;
Dewan Bamra State.
Sj. Adwait Ch # Mahanty, B. A, S. KO, Bamra
State.
Sj. Akshyayakumar Ghose Tr # Officer, F^ayagarh
State*
Sj. Aniruddha Mishra M. A, B. L, Dewan
Borasambar Estate.
Rai«Saheb Arta Ballav Mahanty M. A, Professor
Ravenshaw College, Guttack.
,Sj. A jit Kumar Das B* A, Professor, Rajkumar :
College, Raipur.
Rai Saheb Biswarhbhar Misra, P. A, to D.- P* L
Omsa,
Rai Saheb Bamdeb Misra B. A, Dewan,
Athmallik State (the most energetic helper).
Sj. Bansidhar Mahanty, Office Supdt., Keonjhar
State.
Sj. Bhagirathi Mahapatra M. A M B. L. Chairman,
Cuttack Municipality.
Sj. Batakrishna Mahanty, B. A., late Dewan,
Baudh State.
Sj. Batakrishna Praharaj B. A, Cuttack (my
younger brother).
Sj. Biswanath Mishra, Head^clerk, Judge's
Court, Cuttack.
Baidyaratna Balunkeswar Acharya, Cuttack.
Sj, Biswaksen Bahidar, News-Agent, Sambal^ur. J
Sj. Kumar Bidyadhar Singh Deo B. A., B. L, of
Jeypore.
Rai Bahadur Bhikari Charan Patnaik, Cuttack.
Rai Bahadur Chintamani Acharya, M. A., B. L>
Advocate, Cuttack.
Sj* Churamani Naik of Gangpur*
W. V, Qakfr&* fc E S, late D. P, I, Orissa.
Baidyaraja Dayanidhi Misra, Cuttack.
Sj. DurgaCru RaiB.A, Sadar S. D. O, Patna
State and his wife Sm. Sumati Debi.
M» Enamur Rahaman, I. T. O, Berhampur.
G. E* Fawcus Esq. C. I. E., L E. S, late D. P. I,
BandO.
Mr. Forbes, Assistant Principal, Rajkumar College,
Raipur.
Sj. Gajendra Prasad Das M. A. B. L, Advocate,
Patnau
Sj. Gobinda Prasad Singh, Dewan, Aul Estate.
I. C. Griffith Esq. L C. S, Political Agenf, Orissa
States.
Sj. Gopinath Satpathi, Laida, Sambalpyr.
Sj. Harekrishna Mahatap, Zamindar, Balasore.
Sj. Hari Prasad Deb, Dewan, Pallahara State.
Sj. Janardan Nanda, Dewan, Nayagarh State.
Sj, Jagamohan Patnaik, Dewan, Khallikote,
Athgarh and Biruli Estates.
Sj. Jaganmohan Misra, Secretary to Ruler;
Talcher State.
Sj.Jagannath Rao, Civl Court Commissioner,
Judge's Court, Cuttack.
Sj. Khitish Ch. Neogi Bar-at-Law, Late Dewan
and now Adviser Mayurbhanj State.
Sj. Krtishna Chandra Lala, Debottar Manager^
Nayagarh State.
( xii )
Sj. Krushna Chandra Kar, Reader, Government
Press, Orissa.
Sj, Krishna Chandra Sen r Gupta M. A, B. Ed.,
Headmaster, Zilla School, Sambalpur.
Dr. Krushna Chandra Tripathi, Cuttack Jail.
Dr. ^asinath Misra M. B., B. S., D.T. M., Cuttack
Pandit Krushna Chandra Achaiya of Singhbhum.
Rai Bahadur Laksmidhar Mahanty, Advocate,
Cuttack.
(Chhotrai) Lax mi Narayan Bhanj Deo, Keonjhar.
Sj. Lalmohan Patnaik B. L., Ganjam.
Sj, Lakshmidhar Garabaru, Radharamano^; -
shop t Cuttack.
Sj. Laksmi Narayan Sahu, M. A, of the Servants
of India Society,
Sj, Laksmi Narayan Misra, Sambalpur.
Chawdhuri Madhusudan Mahapatra, Manager,
Arunodaya Press, Cuttack.
Sj. Madan Mohan Misra, Vice-President,
Sakhigopal Union Board.
Rai Saheb Manmathnath Basu, Dt, Magistrate
Orissa.
Tikayet Nrupendra Narayan Singh Deo B. A,
B. L. Jubaraj Seraikela State*
Sj. Nityananda Kanongo B. L., Ex. Minister
Orissa
Sj, Nityananda Sahu, Supdt. of Police, Bamra
State,
Lala Nagendra N, Rai, Editor, the 'Desakatha.
Sri Nityananda Misra, Seristadar, Judge's Court,
Cuttack,
S> Parikhit Khandual, Sambalpur,
P. fcParija Esq,, M. A, Principal, Ravenshaw
College, Cuttack,
Rai Saheb Pratibha Ranjan Dutta, Supdt. Office
of the Secretary to H. E. the Governor of Orissa,
Pandit Parikhit Das, Editor, the Sudarsana,
Cuttack.
S;« Padmacharan Patnaik, M. A., B. Ed., District
nspecior of Schools, Cuttack.
Sj. Padmacharan Rai, Crganiser Kalinga
Gymnasium, Cuttack.
Sj. Purnna Chandra Bose, Kathgada SahSe,
Cuttack.
S> Prahlad Bisi, Baudh State.
Raja Sri Sri Ramachandra Deb, Gajapati Raja
Saheb, Pur,
Sj. Ratnakar Garabaru, Bhu banes war.
Sj. Rupnarayan Upadhyaya, Treasurer, Imperia
Bank of India, Cuttack.
Sj. Ramlochan Saran, Proprietor Pustak-Bhandar
& Publisher, Laheriasarai, Darbhanga.
Sj. Rameswar Jha (Pustak^Bhandar),Darbhanga.
Dr. Radha Charan Panda (my 1st advance
subscriber in 1927)
E. B. Samuel Esq., Hd, Assistant, Home Depart-
ment, Orissa Government*
Lai Saheb Sri Sibnarayan Deb of Khariar,
S, C Tripathi Esq. I, E. S, D. P. I, Orissa.
Rai Bahadur Samuel Das M. A, Secretary of
Education, Orissa Government.
' Rai Saheb Somnath Mahapatra, Assistant Secre-
tary of Education, Orissa Government.
Srimati Sarala Debi, M. L. A, Cuttack.
Sj. Sashi Bhusan Rai, Author and writer,
C uttack*
Sj. Sashi Bhusan Rath, Editor, 'New Orissa 7 &•
*Asha', Cuttack.
Mr, T. L. H, Smith Pearse, Principal Rajkumar
College, Raipur.
- Sj. Syamapada Sarangi of Seraikela State.
Dewan Bahadur Srikrishna Mahapatra, Retired
Superintendent of Police, Cuttack.
. Pandit Trupti Narayan Thakur, Headpandit,
Fawcus Vaisya Bidyalaya, Cuttack.
Sj, Trilochan Patnaik, News-agent, Patna State.
Rai Bahadur Umacharan Das, Special Officer,
Orissa Government.
Sj. Urai Charan Mahanty, Proprietor, Cuttack
Publishing House.
R. P.Ward Esq. I. C. S, Secretary, Government of
Onssa.
Major W. F. Webb, late Political Agent, Orissa
otates.
Defects a mistakes :—
As I have admttted in the previous volumes, none
is more conscious than myself of the defects, mistakes,
omissions and mis-statements which have crept into
the work. I plead guilty to the charge.
I had the good fortune to secure a dozen or
more of assistants in the work of fair-copying and
r evision; my thanks are due to them for what they
haVe done; but for the shortcomings I only am respon-
sible. My only excuse is the adage 'To err is human'-
The defects are unintentional. I am grateful to those
who have pointed out the mistakes.
If God spares me to bring out a supplement
giving thousands of words which have escaped inclu-
S. C. Tripathi Esq. L £. S-, D. P. I.
Rai Bahadur Samuel Das, M. A-
Education Secretary, Orfsjsa Govt,
P T Parija Esq. M.A, I. E. S.
Principal, Ravcnshaw College
H. Dippie Esq, L E. 5., Late D. P. I, OrUsa.
'?
ejpoQ sei ^q$ ©iqgq^®
Wl&€) 9[g<Q 91% <3v', <j,
i n« a«i Gge.f?e^ : -:"
Rai Saheb Br«wambharaMi&ra B.A., B
P. A. to D, P, I. Orissa.
*>■/■'
(
Xlll
sion in these volumes I intend giving an Addendum
and Corrigendum to the work also.
Delay in bringing out this volume : —
The publication of this last volume has taken
more than 3 years, 'due to circumstances over which
I had no control. The drying up of the spring of
liberality of the patrons, the political and administrative
crisis through which Orissa passed during these 3 years
my sickness and the sickness of my constant colleague
Srimati Pitambari Debi, necessitating our absence from
Cuttack for a pretty long time, the resignation of the
Congress Ministry, and lastly the war, all contributed
their respective shares to the delay.
Still it would not have been possible for me,
even now, to bring out this volume, were it not for th e
fact that Providence had beforehand ( foreseeing the
present impediments ) given the work a very watchful
foster-father in fi\e person of H. E. Sir John Austen
Hubback, a never-failing patron in the person of
H. E. Lord Linlithgow, an earnest sympathiser in the
person of Mr. E, C. Ansorge and the bounteous Senior
Dowager Ranee (Raj-grandmother) of Bamra State and
the Raja Saheb of Nayagarh State,
I am thankful to Providence that the clouds
which had gathered over it have cleared and the frail
bark has at last reached its port of destination with
H. E. the Viceroy at the helm, H. E. Sir John
Hubback at the sails, Mr. E.C. Ansorge at the oars and
the Bamra and Nayagarh Raj families watching on the
deck to steer the ship clear of many a submerged sand'
bank and rock.
Price of the work : —
The cash price of the whole set of 7 volumes,
calico and leather bound,, is Rs. 1 50/-, that for stiff
board bound set Rs. 130/-, and the price of each
volume, purchased separately is' Rs. 25/-.
Conclusion.
This undertaking has cost me the sale of my self-
aquired Cuttack residence for repaying the loan incurred
by me to meet the expenses of the previous volumes
when donations and subscriptions ran short and the
work could not be stopped. From a' worldly point of
vie^v the undertaking has not been a bed of roses to
me. Still, 1 have the consolation of knowing that I
leave an heir-loom to my countrymen, for which my
Bhasbakoshasrama,
Bhashakosha Lane,
Po* Chandnichauk,
Cuttack B. N- R- (Orissa)
September, 1940.
)
nation will feel pride one da^ and which has brought
the Oriya language to the notice of linguists in the Old
and the New worlds.
I began the work while I was comparatively
young. While I had advanced to about half, I was
involved in a serious lorry-Madras Mail accident in
1924, from which 1 was miraculously saved, though
3 of my companions succumbed to it. Since God had
saved me from it, I consecrated my life solely to this
work, and it leaves meol d (My present age is 68 years).
However, while concluding my labours and bidding
good-bye to my companion for the last 27 years, I am
reminded of the famous ! ines of the Poet to the Muse : —
"And though for her sake I am crost
Though my best hopes I have lost
And know she woujd make my trouble
Ten times more than ten ti mes double,
I should love and keep her too
spite of all the world can do.
XXX
She doth tell me where to borrow
Comfort in the midst of sorrow,
Makes the desolatest place
To her presence be a grace.' '
( Whitier's Lines to the Muse" 1
I gave up a fairly lucrative practice in the Bar
and the Government Pleadership at Puri and am now,
from a wordly point of view, far worse off than when
I undertook the work. I have been living on a subsis-
tence allowance of Rs. 100/- per month from the
donations and subscriptions received, which will now
cease. 1 shall have to depend on the sale of the work#
Anyhow, it is not given to all to see their life's
work completed; and I am grateful to the Almighty
Father and to my Gurudev Who have so far been
gracious to me, that I have been able to conclude a task
of which 1 had not imagined the immensity when 1
began it, and that 1 have not been, during these long
27 years, attacked with any serious illness, which would
have marred its progress and completion. I now
consign it to the custody of my nation-
"Oh Lord 1
Let all be happy
Let all be healthy
Let all look upon the Noble
Let none be miserable"-
Amen !
G. C. Praharaj*
Compiler-
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